1. EAST fully superconducting non-circular cross-section Tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device
On September 26, 2006, the EAST Superconducting National Science Project invested and constructed by the National Development and Reform Commission During the first day of the physical discharge experiment of the Tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device, it successfully obtained a high-temperature plasma discharge with a current of more than 200 kiloamps and a duration of nearly 3 seconds. This marked the world's first fully superconducting non-ionic plasma discharge. The circular cross-section tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device has been built and officially put into operation in China for the first time.
2. New progress in experimental and theoretical research on the controllability of nanometer quantum structures
The research group of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences focuses on the basic issues of nanoelectronic devices and explores nanostructures, assembly rules and Aspects such as the physical properties of unit devices have had an international impact in the past few years. In 2006, a series of important progress was achieved, and systematic work was gradually formed.
3. Draw the distribution map of cosmic rays in the sky and discover that the distribution of cosmic rays is anisotropic and the movement patterns of cosmic rays
In October 2006 in Science magazine In the 20th issue, based on a systematic analysis of experimental data of nearly 40 billion observation cases obtained by the "Tibet Atmospheric Shower Detector Array" at the Yangpajing Cosmic Ray Observatory in Tibet, China, accumulated over nearly nine years, China Physicists from Japan and Japan jointly published the latest results on the anisotropy of high-energy cosmic rays and the cosmic ray plasma rotating around the center of the Milky Way with interstellar gas matter and stars. The cutting-edge progress of these experimental observations was reviewed. It is hailed as a "milestone" important achievement in the field of cosmic ray research.
4. Major breakthroughs have been made in the development and industrial testing of low-carbon olefins technology from methanol
Co-ordinated by the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi Xinxing Coal Chemical Technology Development Co., Ltd. and China The industrial test project "Technology Development for Producing Low Carbon Olefins from Methanol (DMTO)" in cooperation with Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Company of the Petrochemical Group has achieved major breakthroughs. It has achieved a methanol conversion rate of nearly 100 on an industrial test device that can process 50 tons of methanol per day. The selectivity of ethylene is 40.1, the selectivity of propylene is 39.0, and the selectivity of light olefins (ethylene, propylene, butylene) is over 90. The successful operation of the test device has great economic and strategic significance for my country's comprehensive utilization of energy and expansion of the diversification of low-carbon olefin raw materials.
5. Loongson 2E general-purpose 64-bit processor
Loongson 2E general-purpose 64-bit processor is currently the highest-performing general-purpose processor in the world outside the United States and Japan, and is also the highest-performing general-purpose processor in mainland China. A processor using 90nm design technology. The Loongson 2E processor developed by the Computer Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has a maximum frequency of 1.0GHz, and its measured performance exceeds the level of the 1.5GHz Pentium IV processor. It has the characteristics of low cost, low power consumption, high performance, and high security. Under different working conditions The power consumption of the Loongson 2E processor is in the range of 3 watts to 8 watts. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, Loongson processors will make greater contributions to promoting my country's informatization.
6. Laser-induced fluorescence non-contact monitoring technology equipment system for water pollution
Water is an indispensable and important resource in human production and living activities. my country’s rivers, lakes, reservoirs and offshore waters It is generally polluted to varying degrees, and water pollution is increasing year by year. The Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences uses laser-induced fluorescence monitoring technology to achieve remote sensing of water body pollution. The system integrates optical remote sensing technology, spectroscopy, analytical chemistry, electronic technology and computer technology. It uses laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy to achieve multi-level monitoring of water body pollution. The online telemetry of organic matter components has developed and improved the technical level of online telemetry of water pollution in my country.
7. Chinese scientists discovered a new mechanism of Alzheimer’s disease
On November 19, 2006, the online version of the internationally renowned academic journal "Nature Medicine" published an online The latest research results of the research group of the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, on the new mechanism of the production process of amyloid beta.
This result reveals a new mechanism of Alzheimer's disease and suggests that β2-adrenergic receptors may become a new target for the development of therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease.
8. my country has made groundbreaking progress in the research of new anti-diabetic drugs
Scientists from the Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 2006, discovered a non-peptide small molecule glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. Important progress has been made in the research field, and the relevant results were published in the online version of the international authoritative scientific journal "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)" in the first week of January 2007. The editorial board of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences pointed out in a written press release to the media that this type of orally effective non-peptide small molecule agonist has the potential to become a new treatment for diabetes, obesity and other related metabolic diseases.
9. Reveal the mystery of Drosophila memory and explore the neurobiological basis of memory
The latest research results on Drosophila by the research group of the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences revealed the brain of Drosophila There is no universal memory center in the brain, but different sensory memories are stored in different areas. And just like humans can remember different parameters such as the height, size, and color of images, the image memory of fruit flies also has different corresponding parameters. . Through the study of Drosophila memory genes, it can be further applied to mice, mammals and even humans to solve mental diseases such as insomnia and Alzheimer's disease in humans.
10. Terminal control technology and application of drinking water quality safety risks
In order to promptly evaluate water quality conditions and respond to emergencies, the Ecological Environment Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Cooperate to develop biological online monitoring and early warning technology suitable for terminal water quality monitoring, establish and improve biological toxicity testing methods, and form a technical system suitable for water quality assessment at the molecular and cellular levels. The key technologies developed in the research have independent intellectual property rights, 22 invention patents have been produced, and 61 papers have been published, including 23 papers included in SCI.