Application of genetic engineering
Genetic engineering, replanting, breeding, medical treatment and environmental protection are widely used. First of all, in re-agriculture, China's transgenic plants have developed rapidly with the help of the 863 Program, mainly focusing on the improvement of re-varieties, such as insect resistance and stress resistance. At present, the transgenic crops on the market include herbicide-resistant soybeans, insect-resistant corn, virus-resistant rapeseed, virus-resistant potatoes, and the insect-resistant cotton we just mentioned. At present, the largest planting areas are genetically modified soybeans and cotton.
The research on transgenic animals is also in full swing. At first, it succeeded in mice. Now, the research focuses on the variety improvement of poultry and livestock, with a view to obtaining fast-growing and high-quality poultry and livestock, and also using transgenic animals to produce drugs and ornamental products. The first successful transgenic animal transformed the mouse into the growth hormone gene of the rat, and the result was more than twice as large as the general one. Transgenic lean pigs and fast-growing fish with high yield dairy cows have also entered the practical stage. In addition to variety improvement, transgenic animals can also be used to replace fermentors to produce precious protein. The principle is to express foreign genes in breast cells, and then extract the required protein from milk. For example, a sheep can be equivalent to a one-ton fermentor a year, and it doesn't need water, electricity or equipment.
200111The first transgenic primate, the animal closest to humans, was born in the United States, and the gene green jellyfish fluorescent protein was transformed into it. The product of this gene can produce green fluorescence, so Andy can use special instruments to emit green fluorescence all over his body. This gene has no other special functions. No harm, but it still caused a lot of people's panic. Many people say that the experiment started with a mouse, and now it's a monkey. So who will be the next experimental object? It can be said that the answer is very clear
The contribution of genetic engineering retreatment is mainly to produce genetic engineering drugs and gene therapy. Genetic engineering drugs are drugs produced by genetic engineering technology, and many precious drugs are produced in this way. Here are just a few of them, among which insulin is the earliest genetic engineering drug and transgenic vaccine is the most widely used at present. It can be said that genetic engineering pharmacy is still in the ascendant, and the future is promising.
Nowadays, scientific research has found that besides some common genetic diseases, other diseases, such as tumor, diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, Alzheimer's disease, obesity and so on, are also related to the wrong expression or regulation of genes. To eradicate these diseases, it is necessary to treat them at the genetic level. That is, gene therapy is a method to cure diseases by correcting wrong genes or compensating missing genes with normal genes. Gene therapy will open up a new field of biomedicine, especially with the completion of the human genome project and the development of the functional genome project, many diseases that have no effective treatment at present are eager to be cured by gene therapy.
Application of engineering bacteria in environmental engineering. Genetic engineering technology can be used to recombine two kinds of bacteria with fast reproduction speed and super decomposition ability, so as to produce super bacteria which can quickly decompose pollutants and treat the environment. For example, GE Company in the United States successfully constructed engineering bacteria with strong decomposition ability to remove oil pollution, and obtained patents.