Automobile anti-collision beam is a metal beam installed in the front of the car, which is a plastic bumper of parking space. It is generally made of aluminum alloy. Because the anti-collision beam is a hidden structure, some automobile enterprises have begun to use it in order to save production costs. The anti-collision beam is economical, why not use the steel of the rail?
Automobile anti-collision steel beam is a kind of body reinforcement, which consists of main beam, energy-absorbing box and mounting plate connected with automobile. It is divided into three types: front anti-collision steel beam, rear anti-collision steel beam and door anti-collision steel beam. Anti-collision steel beams usually refer to the front and rear anti-collision steel beams of automobiles, and the door anti-collision steel beams are hardly mentioned.
As for the front and rear anti-collision steel beams, many people are confused, but in fact, their functions are completely different. The overall structure of the anti-collision steel beam must meet two requirements. First, we must meet the requirements of pedestrian protection in low-speed collision and protect the engine and some parts behind it.
The engine constitutes the structure of the whole vehicle, and the low-speed collision has no effect. Secondly, in the event of a high-speed collision, the design of the anti-collision steel beam and the front area of the whole vehicle becomes very important to ensure the safety of the driver in the vehicle. As for the anti-collision steel beam, what is its safety, including the body structure?
This is not to say that the higher the speed, the better the collision can be, because there are many kinds of collision situations. According to national laws and regulations, many German cars and Japanese cars do not have rear anti-collision steel beams, but front anti-collision steel beams should be provided. So, why is this happening? Because the front anti-collision steel beam must play the role of fixing two longitudinal beams.
If there are no front anti-collision steel beams, the two longitudinal beams will swing in the form of openings when the vehicle is running, and the frame may shake after a long time, so there are mainly two front anti-collision steel beams, which play the role of forming a closed space with the longitudinal beams. The strength beam of the front anti-collision steel can reach 1400 MPa, which almost exceeds the strength of the rail, but you can't use as much material as the rail because it is too heavy!
The purpose of low-speed collision protection is to ensure that the car will not be damaged during collision, so that the deformation of the car after collision is as small as possible and the maintenance cost is as low as possible. High-speed collision energy absorption refers to the ability to absorb part of collision energy during high-speed collision. Imagine that if the collision light is hard and the collision energy is not absorbed, it will directly enter the passenger compartment through the headlights, causing injuries to the occupants in the car (such as neck collision).
It can be said that in frequent collisions, anti-collision lights are more used to protect important parts such as engine room, reduce maintenance, make up for losses, and of course reduce the impact of collisions, engine room at low temperature.
Low-speed collision will not cause much harm to the driver at first. High-speed collision needs to use all the available safety protection of the vehicle, not just the anti-collision headlights. Collision tests in different countries basically don't test high-speed collisions, because everyone knows that high-speed collisions are probably more about fate and luck than those anti-collision lights.
The name bumper sounds like making cars safer. In theory, the stronger the better, but in fact the bumper is made of plastic. Actually, bumpers are more for pedestrians. If the car collides with a pedestrian, the material is too big. If it is hard, it is obviously not good for pedestrians. Soft plastic is relatively better.
Often when driving, it is really difficult to interpret the road as your own. Fortunately, only a few car manufacturers think so, so it has no effect in reality. Therefore, the anti-collision beam plays a buffering role, and the materials used are mostly ultra-high strength steel, so as not to bear big impact.
As long as the transmission force can be reduced to a certain extent, the goal can be achieved without blindly bearing all the impact forces. Although the existence of anti-collision beam also ensures the safety of some parts of the vehicle in a certain sense, the vehicle ultimately serves people, and its primary purpose is the safety of people, not the safety of vehicles.