China's low-power motor industry has made great progress after more than 40 years of development, especially the rapid development since the reform and opening up for more than 20 years.
At present, there are more than 654.38+10,000 small-power motor manufacturers in China, with more than 654.38+10,000 employees, and the total industrial output value exceeds1500 million yuan, which is increasing at an annual rate of 18%. The output has accounted for more than 60% of the world's output and has become an indispensable basic industry in the national economy and national defense construction. The development of national economy and science and technology provides unlimited development space for the traditional motor industry.
The world automobile manufacturing base is rapidly moving to China. At present, economic globalization and high technology are coming at us. The global demand for low-power motors exceeds 5 billion units every year. With the acceleration of global economic integration, the internationalization of low-power motor production has basically taken shape.
After China's entry into WTO, the state's protection policies for small and medium-sized enterprises, such as import tariffs, were gradually reduced until the tariffs were abolished. Foreign motors enter the domestic market with high quality and low price, and the trade associations or governments of the motor countries we export abroad have set up many technical barriers, which makes our motors fully involved in the battle with the world motors. Therefore, the competition between quality and brand will become the core and focus of competition.
To improve international competitiveness, we must rely on scientific and technological innovation and a number of high-quality brand-name products to promote technological development, technological transformation, technological innovation and technological progress of enterprises, improve product quality and market competitiveness, and thus improve the international competitiveness of China's industrial economy as a whole.
Development level and industry concentration of low-power motor industry
At present, domestic manufacturers of low-power motors are mainly concentrated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Fujian, Guangdong and other five provinces and cities in the southeast coast and North China. There are about 1 000 small-power motor enterprises in China, which are composed of state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, foreign-funded or joint ventures, of which more than 85% are small and medium-sized private enterprises and some foreign-funded or joint ventures. After years of development and technical transformation, the overall strength of the enterprise has been enhanced, the level of production technology has been greatly improved, the quality management system is relatively sound, and the product quality has been significantly improved, which has strong competitiveness and strong development momentum in domestic and foreign markets.
The development of China's low-power motor industry is divided into two stages. In the first stage, in order to meet the needs of the development of China's household appliances industry, domestic enterprises absorbed low-power motors for fans, air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines, range hoods, small household appliances, health appliances and other products through the introduction of technology and equipment, thus narrowing the gap with developed countries. The technical level of some products has reached the international advanced level, and enterprises have strong independent research and development capabilities and independent intellectual property rights, and have also formed some product brands with wide market visibility.
Motor products are exported to Europe, America and other international markets in large quantities. At the same time, the best-selling home appliance host products such as fans and air conditioners have become the main part of China's electromechanical export business. In the second stage, with the rapid development of automobile industry, the demand for low-power motors for vehicles has also increased rapidly, which has led to the rise of functional low-power motors for vehicles with permanent magnet DC and brushless DC motors as the main body.
However, because these products have the characteristics of relatively great technical difficulty, large equipment investment and great variety and specification changes, in addition, the technical quality of the motor itself is directly related to the supply capacity and brand reputation of the whole vehicle. In view of this situation, some leading domestic small-power motor enterprises have mastered the production technology of this kind of products actively through technology introduction, international cooperation and technical research. Their products are gradually accepted by world-renowned automobile manufacturing enterprises and are becoming the main suppliers of the world automobile manufacturing industry.
Although there are many manufacturers of low-power motors and the market competition is fierce, they are all developing in the direction of relatively concentrated production. With the deepening of China's system reform, small-power motor industry-intensive areas with the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta as the main body are gradually forming, and the market share of leading enterprises in small-power motors is constantly improving.
Take the air supply motor of air conditioner as an example. Domestic manufacturers mainly include Wolong Holding Group, Hangzhou Matsushita Electric Appliances, Guangdong Ling Wei, Jiangsu Tianma and other enterprises, accounting for about 60% of the domestic market share. These manufacturers have a certain investment scale, advanced equipment, mature production technology, advanced technical design, complete varieties and specifications, high product quality and strong market competitiveness. In particular, Wolong Group recently established a joint venture with Matsushita of Japan, which has gained a leading edge in new product development and technology upgrading, and will develop into the world's largest air-conditioning motor manufacturer in the next three years.
Low-power motors are both technology-intensive and labor-intensive. Japan, Europe and the United States and other industrialized countries have transferred their products to foreign production. China, with its huge market potential and rich and cheap labor advantages, has become the main undertaking place for industrial transfer in developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan, which has made the development of low-power motor industry have a good development prospect for a long time to come, and can make full use of advanced technology, management means, raw materials and labor to gradually develop into a global low-power motor manufacturing center. Moreover, the low-power motors produced by several leading domestic enterprises are in line with IEC international standards.
Development characteristics of low-power motors in China
The development status of low-power motors in China presents the following characteristics:
1. A number of enterprises with certain scale and strength have emerged.
After the first stage of development, domestic enterprises have formed their own characteristics in the reform of enterprise management mechanism, innovation of management system, breakthrough of technological innovation ability and improvement of global competitiveness. In particular, some industry-leading enterprises that grew up in the first stage have large market share, high customer satisfaction, large scale, strong comprehensive strength and good brand awareness.
2. The ability to develop new products has been continuously improved, with a large number of independent intellectual property rights.
In recent years, various enterprises have invested a lot of money in technological transformation and introduced many foreign advanced manufacturing equipment and testing equipment, such as several CNC high-speed punches, various advanced automatic winding machines and various foreign advanced testing equipment, which greatly improved the quality and consistency of products. The ability to develop new products has been greatly improved, with a large number of independent intellectual property rights. Only Wolong Holding Group Co., Ltd. owns 57 patents and has formed mass production capacity. Some enterprises have established production lines to mass-produce new motors such as brushless motors, vibration motors, household appliances motors, stepping motors and automobile motors.
3. The specialized production level of spare parts has been continuously improved.
In order to reduce the production cost of low-power motors and improve their competitiveness, the production of low-power motors is increasingly socialized, and the scale and specialization of production are the development trends. In recent years, the specialized production level of low-power motor parts in China has made great progress, and many enterprises have introduced and purchased a lot of equipment to ensure the quality of mass production. In recent years, a large number of foreign-funded enterprises have moved to China. In order to reduce the cost, they all want to realize the localization of parts, which greatly promotes the continuous improvement of the manufacturing level of small power motor parts in China. A number of high-level parts manufacturers have emerged in China, and their products are not only matched with domestic products, but also exported to overseas.
In the past, the self-made ability of key materials for small power motors in China was insufficient, and many materials had to be imported from abroad. This situation has changed greatly in recent years, and quite a few materials can be produced by themselves, forming a certain scale.
4. The manufacturing level of special equipment has been greatly improved.
In recent years, the manufacturing capacity of low-power motor production equipment and test equipment in China has been significantly improved, and the gap between many equipment and foreign countries has gradually narrowed, such as winding machine, high-speed punch, dynamic balancing machine, spot welding machine, comprehensive tester, magnetizer and commutator finishing machine. In Guangdong, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Shandong, Jiangsu, Hebei and other places have formed a certain scale and a certain reputation in the industry manufacturers. Many equipment levels are constantly improving.