The "fertile land construction project" is a key project to promote the concentration of agricultural land, residential agglomeration, land intensification and benefit concentration. Suqian is a traditional agricultural city, and the "fertile land construction project" has been fully launched in this city. This paper tries to analyze the basic situation of the pilot project of "fertile land construction project" in Suqian city, the problems existing in the planning and start-up construction, and the problems expected to appear in the future promotion, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for reference.
Suqian is a prefecture-level city established by 1996, which has jurisdiction over three counties and two districts. Except Sucheng District, Shuyang, Siyang, Sihong and suyu district (formerly Suyu County) are all major agricultural counties in northern Jiangsu, with rich agricultural land resources. After 12 years of continuous construction, Suqian has entered the fast lane of economic and social development, and the growth rate of major economic indicators such as total fiscal revenue, general budget revenue, industrial added value above designated size and industrial electricity consumption continues to rank first in the province. In 2007, the built-up area of Suqian central city reached 45 square kilometers, and the construction land area of the whole city increased from 19991809,700 mu to 2.032 million mu in 2008. However, with the gradual acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the per capita cultivated land area in Suqian has gradually decreased, and the contradiction between man and land has become more and more prominent. The per capita arable land area decreased from 1.35 mu in 1997 to 1. 1.06 mu in 2008. In the past two years, the annual land demand is about 30,000 mu, but the annual land use plan issued by the state is less than 5,000 mu per year, and the land bottleneck has gradually become prominent, and the contradiction between supply and demand has become more acute.
For Suqian, a city with scattered rural villages and huge potential for rural construction land, it is indeed a rare opportunity to implement the "fertile land construction project" to promote the concentration of agricultural land, residential agglomeration, land intensification and centralized display of benefits.
1 Suqian has the working conditions to implement the pilot project of "fertile land construction project"
The main ways to implement the "fertile land construction project" are "three combinations"-the combination of rural construction land consolidation and scattered farmland consolidation, the combination of rural construction land reduction and urban construction land increase, and the combination of saving intensive land and optimizing regional land layout. Suqian city promotes the "fertile land construction project", with sufficient natural and geographical conditions and considerable expected benefits.
1. 1 Rural collective construction land has great potential.
The current map of land use in Suqian shows that the natural villages in Suqian are in a "starry sky" layout, and most of the buildings are single-story tile houses. According to the survey, the rural residential area in Suqian covers an area of about 1, 2 1, 000 mu, and there are about 1.24 million farmers, with an average household area of about1.9 mu. For example, 809,000 mu of cultivated land can be reclaimed according to the standard of average household area of 240 square meters (including supporting facilities construction land) in Kangju demonstration village and concentrated residential area. For example, according to the national standard of 200 square meters of residential land per household, 9 1. 1.00 million mu of cultivated land can be reclaimed and arranged.
1.2 farmers' production and living conditions need to be improved urgently.
Influenced by natural and historical conditions, following the living habits and the convenience of agricultural cultivation, the construction of rural residential areas in Suqian City has experienced four construction peaks: straw house, grass-to-tile house, tile-to-tile house and flat-to-flat house, but the rural areas are still dominated by single-story tile houses, and the residential areas are scattered. Most farmers choose their own plots, contracted land or both sides of roads with convenient transportation, and most of them are scattered on cultivated land around old villages or villages without unified planning or centralized contiguous construction. Many villages have not kept up with the supporting infrastructure such as water, electricity, roads and greening. The villages are "dirty, chaotic and poor" and the living environment is generally poor. People are eager to improve their living environment.
1.3 The cost of demolition and resettlement is relatively low.
At present, Suqian's compensation standard for rural residents' demolition is implemented with reference to the compensation standard for land acquisition. Because most houses in rural areas are bungalows, there are not many buildings, and the cost of demolition is relatively low. In addition, the Suqian Municipal Government not only compensated 1 10,000 yuan for the demolition of ownerless houses and biased houses, 20,000 yuan for the main houses (including biased houses) and 40,000 yuan for buildings, but also issued policies to reward and subsidize farmers who voluntarily gave up their homesteads, built houses in centralized resettlement sites or bought houses in cities (central towns), and gave them discount loans. Farmers' housing placement options are diverse and the cost is relatively low.
1.4 local governments attach great importance to it.
The goal of "fertile land construction project" is to promote the concentration of rural cultivated land resources, construction land resources, labor resources, public services and market demand resources, which fully conforms to the development ideas of "giving priority to environmental protection and saving" and "building a well-off society in an all-round way and building a new Suqian" put forward in Suqian's Eleventh Five-Year Plan. At present, Suqian city, county and district governments have set up leading groups to promote the construction of fertile land, and established a working mechanism led by the government, led by the land department and coordinated by various departments.
1.5 has a good foundation for land consolidation.
Suqian, as a traditional agricultural city, the development and consolidation of cultivated land reserve resources has always been the focus of land and resources work. City, county and district departments of land and resources have special institutions for the implementation, supervision and management of land consolidation and development, with sound personnel and perfect systems, and remarkable results have been achieved in land consolidation and development. In the past two years, the city has completed 9 investment land development and consolidation projects at or above the provincial level, adding 6,000 mu of cultivated land, accounting for 488 supplementary balance projects and adding 28,000 mu of cultivated land. The project linking the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land will realize new cultivated land 1.58 million mu in two years.
2 Suqian to promote the "fertile land construction project" pilot work facing the problem analysis
Suqian has obvious advantages in carrying out the pilot project of "fertile land construction", but because the pilot project is a brand-new work initiated by the whole country and carried out simultaneously in the whole province, there is no ready-made experience for reference, so it can only be explored while practicing, summarized and popularized. As far as Suqian City is concerned, the difficulties and problems currently encountered mainly include:
There is a big funding gap: according to the regulations, the expenses involved in the preliminary investigation and demonstration, planning, house demolition, young crops compensation, supporting infrastructure construction, equipment purchase, etc. of the "fertile land construction project" are raised by the project site itself, and the province is responsible for the land consolidation expenses, which has caused certain pressure on the county finance.
Some people have different ideas: the resettlement of farmers in the "fertile land construction project" is mainly based on peasant apartments, and the reconstruction of homestead is not arranged, and the resettlement sites are concentrated in towns. Some farmers who have been demolished are worried about the safety of towns after losing their land because they don't understand the policy situation.
Imperfect land transfer scheme: the purpose of implementing the transfer of land contractual management right is to change the traditional management mode of scattered backwardness and low land output rate in the past and promote the transformation of agriculture to scale and modernization. The land circulation planning of Suqian "fertile land construction project" all implements the land contractual management right to become a shareholder and transfer, and the provisions on related responsibilities are not specific enough.
3. Countermeasures and suggestions for steadily promoting the pilot work of "fertile land construction project"
3. 1 Make efforts to publicize and improve policies to encourage farmers to live in cities and towns.
The pilot project of "fertile land construction project" involves many departments and has strong policy, so it must be promoted step by step through policy propaganda and guidance. The pilot areas should take the city as a unit, unify the compensation and resettlement standards for rural homestead demolition and the methods for purchasing and reserving rural construction land, establish a tangible rural land circulation and land transaction market, truly make rural land move, and let farmers understand the benefits and dispel their concerns through publicity. Based on the principle of urban centralized residence, supplemented by building houses in centralized residential areas, we will formulate specific policies such as preferential treatment and subsidies that farmers should enjoy when they give up the right to use their homesteads to buy policy-oriented housing and ordinary commercial housing, and properly solve the housing resettlement problem of farmers. The circulation of farmers' contracted land should also be organized according to the principle of voluntary participation of the masses. It should be clear that once the contracted land is not completed, it will be managed by cooperatives in a unified way to benefit the people.
3.2 Promote rural social security and solve the worries of farmers.
"Ten thousand hectares of fertile land construction project" is actually equivalent to land expropriation, and the social security work of landless farmers should be solved well. Farmers who have given up the right to contracted management of land and farmers who have invested in the right to contracted management of land in each pilot area should directly enter the social security system for landless farmers and enjoy the same policies as landless farmers in employment, medical care, old-age care and children's education. Establish a training and employment assistance mechanism, incorporate farmers who have the desire for employment and training into urban employment management, register unemployment, issue a "Re-employment Concession Card" in line with the conditions, and enjoy policies to promote employment and re-employment such as job introduction, vocational training, vocational skill appraisal, tax reduction and exemption, and micro loans.
3.3 Explore a variety of ways to vigorously promote the transfer of land contractual management rights.
Stabilizing the rural basic management system and protecting farmers' rights and interests in land contracting are the basic rural policies of the Party and must be adhered to for a long time. The transfer of land contractual management rights must be carried out in accordance with the principles of law, equal consultation, voluntariness, compensation and no change in the nature and use of land. After the transfer, it can be managed in four ways: ① cooperative management of land shares. Encourage farmers to set up land joint-stock cooperatives in the form of shares, implement joint-stock cooperative operation or unified external leasing operation, and farmers can be rehired as agricultural industrialists; (2) Develop large professional households, family farms, farmers' professional cooperatives, leading agricultural enterprises and other large-scale business entities to realize intensive and large-scale management of modern agriculture; ③ Encourage industrial and commercial capital to participate in the construction of efficient agriculture, modern agriculture, facility agriculture and afforestation projects. Make full use of the capital, technology and management advantages of industrial and commercial enterprises, establish agricultural product bases, carry out modern agricultural intensive management, and gradually realize unified management; (4) Concentrate contiguous villages or whole villages for the development and construction of modern agriculture such as facility agriculture, and gradually form the development pattern of characteristic industries with one village, one product and one industry.
3.4 "Build a nest to attract phoenix", leaving enough resettlement space in the project area.
The scope of the project area should be reasonably selected, and the determination of the project area should be based on the ownership boundary, especially for the complete collective economic organizations. Do everything possible to resettle farmers in the project area in advance and in time. On the basis of fully respecting farmers' wishes, unified planning and design will be carried out to encourage the construction of multi-storey and high-rise houses, and the government will invest in infrastructure construction in the early stage, leaving enough resettlement space for farmers' demolition in the "fertile land construction project" area.
3.5 Multi-channel financing to ensure the smooth implementation of "fertile soil construction project"
The key to the smooth implementation of the "fertile land construction project" lies in funds, and all pilot areas should raise funds through multiple channels to ensure the smooth implementation of the project. Land-related funds such as paid land use fees for new construction land, cultivated land reclamation fees and key agricultural development and construction funds can be reserved for engineering construction. At the same time, the funds of rural road reconstruction, agricultural development, water-saving irrigation and other agricultural projects in the province can also be concentrated on other projects in the "fertile land construction project" area. In addition, the problem of insufficient funds can be solved by bank financing and introducing social funds. For the funds invested by the government in advance, compensation can be made through the transfer income of operating land bidding, auction and hanging and the transfer income of urban and rural construction land linked to turnover indicators for the replacement of new cultivated land.