On September 28th, 2005, the construction of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel was officially started. On August 22, 2009, the right line of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel was officially completed, marking the completion of the whole tunnel. On May 28th, 20 10, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel was officially opened to traffic.
Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel, with a total length of 5,853 meters, is designed as a two-way six-lane tunnel with a running speed of 80 kilometers per hour.
Chinese name: Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel mbth: Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel Commencement Date: September 28th, 2005 Commencement Date: 2065438+May 28th, 2000 Location: Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China Length: 6042m Lane Size: Two-way six-lane design speed: 8. 0 km/h design unit: China Railway Fourth Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd. Construction unit: China Railway 14th Bureau Group Co., Ltd. Management organization: Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel Co., Ltd. Total investment: 3.3 billion yuan? Construction history, tunnel location, tunnel design, tunnel structure, tunnel parameters, equipment and facilities, operation, ticket price, traffic matters, construction achievements, technical problems, scientific research achievements, honor recognition, value significance and construction history. In March 2005, the foundation stone was laid for the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel. On September 28th, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel officially started construction. Construction of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel On May 16, 2008, the left line of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel was officially started. On May 20, 2009, the left line of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel was officially completed. On August 22nd, the right line of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel was officially completed, marking the completion of the whole tunnel. On May 28th, 20 10, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel was officially opened to traffic. Tunnel location Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is located between Huangjiacun of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge and the Third Yangtze River Bridge in Pukou District, Nanjing. It starts from the interchange of Binjiang Expressway and Weiqi Road in the main city of Nanjing in the south, and ends at the entrance of Ninghe Expressway in Pukou District in the north, starting from the access point of the transition section of the interchange of Binjiang Expressway in the south of the Yangtze River and Yingtian Street in the west, and ending at 500 meters in Jiangbei Toll Plaza. Tunnel design Tunnel structure Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel adopts the scheme of "left branch shield tunnel+right branch bridge", and the buried depth of the tunnel under the river is 1 1-22 meters. Jiang Xinzhou is used for tunnel construction, and the tunnels excavated from north to south should be excavated on this island, thus reducing the underwater length of the whole tunnel. The tunnel mainly passes through the left branch tunnel of the main channel of the Yangtze River from the river-crossing channel. The left branch tunnel crossing the main channel of the Yangtze River was built by China Railway 14th Bureau. There are three lanes in the tunnel, two lanes are 3.5 meters wide and one lane is 3.75 meters wide, of which the wide lane is a bus lane. The right branch bridge across Jiajiang River in Jiang Xinzhou of the Yangtze River is Jiajiang Bridge in Jiang Xinzhou, which was built by China Railway 15th Bureau. The crossing passage across Jiang Xinzhou Highway Overpass is Jiang Xinzhou Overpass. Jiang Xinzhou Jiajiang Bridge is a part of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel, connecting Hexi Yangtze River Avenue and Jiang Xinzhou, with a total length of 665.5 meters and a main span of 248 meters. The bridge has six two-way lanes and sidewalks. Tunnel parameters The total length of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is 5853 meters, of which the left branch tunnel is 3825 meters. Youjia Jiajiang Bridge is 9 10 meters long; Connect the road and the toll plaza * * * 989m. The passage is designed according to the standard of two-way six-lane urban expressway, with a designed driving speed of 80 km/h, a total investment of nearly 4 billion yuan and a designed service life of 100 years. The diameter of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel14.93m, up to 20 15 and 12, ranks second in the world. The shield machine "Yangzi No.2" used in Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel has a cutter head diameter of 14.93m, a weight of about 4,000 tons, a length of 130m and a height of five floors. Equipment, facilities and safety facilities The tunnel has a big cover on one side of the road every 80 meters. As long as the citizens press the switch, the cover will pop open, and then the citizens can follow the escape slide to the passage under the road. This design mainly considers the escape when there is a fire in the tunnel and a lot of smoke is generated. In addition, the tunnel will be equipped with 23 kinds of settings, such as sprinkler head, intensified lighting, lane lights, speakers, surveillance cameras, anti-collision side stones, roadside ditches, cable passages and safe passages, to ensure driving safety. Optical transition zone In order to eliminate the "black hole effect" and "white hole effect" when entering and leaving the tunnel entrance and ensure the safety of driving, optical transition zones are also set inside and outside the entrance at both ends of the tunnel. The light transition zone consists of natural light transition and artificial light transition. The natural light transition section is 60 meters long and consists of reinforced concrete grid beams and shading partitions. In order to strengthen the light transition effect, on the one hand, the exit height is raised appropriately to increase the amount of light entering; On the other hand, the bottom of the grating beam is also provided with a diamond-shaped hole with an opening area from large to small, so that the amount of light entering gradually transitions from large to small. Operation: Ticket price: 20 10. From May 28th, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel charges Nanjing brand car 10 yuan, and monthly card 300 yuan. From 2065438+65438+1 October1in 2006, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is free to pass. From March 22 to March 26, 20 18, the toll station of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel was officially demolished. Traffic Matters Night Maintenance Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is closed at night 1 till 5 am. Technical problems of construction achievements Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel Project faces many world-class technical problems and challenges, which can be summarized into six aspects. First, it is "big". The diameter of shield used in Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is very large, and the excavation diameter reaches14.96m.. As of August 2009, it is one of the largest slurry balance shield machines in the world. With the increase of shield machine size, the construction difficulty and risk increase geometrically. Second, it is "high". During construction, the water and soil pressure reaches 6.5 kg/cm2, which is equivalent to the head pressure of 65 meters, ranking first in the current super-large diameter shield underwater tunnel project. Third, it is "deep". From the deepest part of the tunnel to the bottom of the river 60 meters, the stratum is extremely permeable, and all head pressures directly act on the tunnel, so the risk of excavation at the bottom of the river is huge. Fourth, it is "thin". The thickness of soil covered by river bottom shield is ultra-shallow. In the scouring section with the length of 150m in the middle of the river, the thickness of the overburden above the tunnel is less than 1 times of the tunnel diameter (about 10.79m, which is only 0.72 times of the excavation diameter), and the geology is a fine sand layer, so the risk of collapse and roof fall during construction is extremely high. The shield machine originates and receives ultra-shallow burial, and the thickness of the overburden above the tunnel entrance section is only 5.5 meters (about 0.37 times of the excavation diameter), which is the shallowest burial depth in similar tunnels. Therefore, the technical requirements for the stability of the excavation surface and the control of ground settlement during shield excavation are extremely high. Fifth, it is "long". Due to the long distance and complicated geological conditions, it is extremely difficult to change the tool during excavation. Two two-way six-lane 3020-meter shield tunnels need to be excavated at one time, which requires extremely high cutter protection. Three kilometers of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is equivalent to 17 kilometers of MRT shield tunneling, and the abrasion of tools passing through the gravel layer with high content in time in the river is equivalent to 30 kilometers of similar shield tunneling in soft soil. The sixth is "risk". In terms of design, the design theory and experience of super-large diameter underwater shield tunnel are almost blank in China, and the experience abroad is also insufficient. In terms of construction, the geological conditions are extremely complicated. The tunnel passes through silt, silt, gravel sand, pebbles and weathered rocks at the bottom of the river. The permeability coefficient is more than 1000 times that of clay layer, which is loose and easy to collapse. All the indexes of high water permeability and high water pressure have reached or exceeded the risk prevention limit of similar projects in the world. Scientific Research Achievements During the design and construction of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel, China Railway Construction has overcome six world-class problems, such as ultra-wide tunnel, complex geological conditions, strong water permeability and ultra-thin soil layer. This project needs a total of 30,430 segments and 3,082 box culverts. The qualified rate of product quality is 100%, and the excellent rate is 99.9%. From September 2005 to August 2009, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel Project invested more than 30 million yuan in scientific research, completed more than 30 special argumentation, applied for patents 15, carried out scientific research on 29 sub-topics of 5 major topics, and achieved many scientific research achievements, filling the gaps in related fields. Among them, the prototype test of super-large segment lining structure was included in the national "863" plan. Honorary recognition: At the end of October-October-March, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel won the Luban Award of China Construction Project (National Excellent Project), which is the first river-crossing tunnel project in China. 20 15 12 18. The Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel, which was built by China Railway Construction 14th Bureau Group, won the National Excellent Engineering Award of 2014-2015. On March 30th, 20 16, Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel won the 13th Zhan Tianyou Award of China Civil Engineering. The capacity of Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is twice that of Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, which has changed the only way for Nanjing to cross the Yangtze River, greatly relieved the traffic pressure and benefited the people. The completion of the tunnel is conducive to optimizing the urban spatial structure, improving the urban radiation function, promoting cross-strait integration and interaction, making full use of underground space, protecting Nanjing's unique cultural landscape and ecological environment, shortening the distance between Jiangnan and Jiangbei, promoting the cross-river development strategy put forward by Nanjing and promoting the rapid economic development of Jiangbei. (Comment by Sina News Center) Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel is technically difficult, with complex geological conditions and many challenges and risks. It is called "the first tunnel of the Yangtze River". (Comment by Zhang Tingjun, Chairman and Party Secretary of China Railway 14th Bureau) The opening of the Nanjing Yangtze River Tunnel marks the final victory of the Yangtze River Tunnel with the most difficult engineering technology, the most complicated geological conditions and the greatest risk challenge, and also marks that the construction technology level of the extra-large diameter shield tunnel in China has reached a new height. (Sina News Center comments)