The Nobel Prize started in 191, and this year is the 115th year. Although the bonuses are different every year, all the bonuses in 115 years add up to a huge number. So how many bonuses are there in the Nobel Prize? Why hasn't it been distributed for 115 years?
Initial assets: 31 million Swiss francs
The Nobel Prize was named after the famous Swedish chemist alfred nobel. Nobel loved chemistry, physics and mechanical engineering since he was a child. With his constant exploration of science, Nobel invented liquid explosives-"Nobel Fried Oil", solid explosives-yellow explosives, powerful gel explosives and smokeless bombs. It was with these inventions that Nobel built explosive factories in many countries and applied for patents, and soon became the "king of explosives" with great wealth.
One year before his death, Nobel made a will: use all his property to set up an award fund, and its interest will be divided into five parts, which will be distributed to people who have made great discoveries or contributions in five fields (chemistry, physics, physiology or medicine, literature and peace) in the form of bonuses every year.
In the second year, Nobel died, and his legacy was 31 million Swiss francs, that is to say, the initial capital of the Nobel Prize was 31 million Swiss francs.
The total assets of investment and financial management keep rising
Although Nobel's legacy was only 31 million Swiss francs at first, in the 115 years since 191, the total amount of prizes awarded by Nobel Prize has far exceeded Nobel's legacy, so why can we still have money to pay bonuses? The answer is: investment and financial management! It is reported that the Nobel Fund originally only invested in safe securities such as treasury bonds and loans. However, due to the annual bonus payment and the expenses of fund operation, by 1953, the fund's assets were only over 3 million dollars. In order to continue to operate, the Nobel Foundation began to invest in stocks and real estate-based financial management. Since 198s, due to the rapid growth of the global stock market and the constant appreciation of real estate, the assets of the Nobel Foundation have continued to increase. By 211, the total assets of the Nobel Foundation reached 2.86 billion Swiss francs, 92 times that of its inception!
The real value of the Nobel Fund over the years
The continuous appreciation of the total assets also makes the annual bonus not increase. The bonus soared to 6 million Swiss francs in 1991, and then rose continuously for 1 years, and rose to 1 million Swiss francs in 21, and remained until 211.
the actual amount of individual prize for the Nobel Prize
In p>211, due to the sluggish global stock market, the stock investment of the Nobel Foundation lost more than 19 million Swiss francs. Therefore, the amount of each prize of the Nobel Prize has also been reduced from 1 million Swiss francs to 8 million Swiss francs.
what did the winners do with the prize money?
The single prize of 8 million Swiss francs is equivalent to almost 6 million RMB. How did the winners spend such a large sum of money?
1. Donate or invest in research. It is reported that some Nobel Prize winners will donate their bonuses to charities, set up scholarships and grants, or continue to invest in research.
Madame Curie, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in p>193 and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1911, chose to put the prize money into research.
2. Subsidize the family
It is also a way to use the bonus to subsidize the family.
richard roberts, winner of the medical prize in p>1993, used part of the prize money to install croquet devices on the lawn in front of his house.
Einstein, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921, left all the prizes to his first wife and two sons.
3. Buy a house and a car
Of course, many people use bonuses to buy a house and a car.
peter higgs, winner of the p>213 Nobel Prize in Physics, bought a customized lilac SUV； with the Nobel Prize.
Sharp, the winner of the medical prize in p>1993, spent money to buy an old house with a history of 1 years.
Mo Yan, the winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in p>214, bought a suite outside Beijing's North Fifth Ring Road with a prize of almost 7 million yuan.