In the triz theory, there are 40 invention principles.
40 Examples of Invention Principles
1 ? Segmentation
? 1) The train carriages are separate entities, and the number of carriages can be adjusted
? 2) The pen core and pen cover of the ballpoint pen are two separable parts, and the pen core can be replaced
? 3) The three blades of the electric fan are three independent entities and can be disassembled< /p>
? 4) The watering pipe system in the field is connected with a joint for each section.
5) The chains of bicycles, motorcycles, etc. are connected one by one, and each link can be removed
2 ?Separation
? 1) In petroleum processing, some oil residues or other harmful substances are refined and separated to obtain gasoline or diesel with high precision.
? 2) After the bullet is fired, the core and the shell are separated
? 3) The computer keyboard and mouse are separated to facilitate people's operation
? 4) The rocket will disintegrate and separate the parts that have burned out the fuel during the process of exiting the atmosphere
? 5) The sound insulation materials currently used in buildings absorb or isolate the noise, so that the noise is separated Out of our environment
3 ?Local mass
? 1) One side of the hammer is made flat and the other side is made flat, which increases the cutting function of the hammer (quarry Special hammer).
? 2) Automatic pen. Make a pair of ears on the pen core and add a spring.
? 3) The drill bit of the electric drill is made into a spiral shape, which increases the stability when drilling and prevents slipping.
? 4) The computer mouse in three-button mode has changed the original single-button mode. trouble and inconvenience.
? 5) Change the opening of the cup and make a cut on it to prevent leakage to the greatest extent when pouring water (the same is true for the mouth of the thermos bottle)
4 ?No Symmetry
? 1) The zipper on the clothes has a pull on one side and no pull on the other side.
? 2) The blades of the electric fan
? 3) The mobile phone with the antenna is asymmetrical
? 4) The machete is asymmetrical when viewed from the side< /p>
? 5) The two lenses of glasses have different degrees of myopia due to different degrees of myopia.
5 ? Merge
? 1) Merge each carriage of the train Together, increase passenger capacity.
? 2) The phone's microphone and receiver are combined in a box, which makes it easier for people to free up one hand to do other things when making calls.
? 3) Connecting the troughs for feeding livestock on the farm can save feeding time and improve efficiency.
? 4) Connect multiple indoor switches in series and use a switch.
? 5) Add a backrest to the stool, and the two merge into a chair
6 ? Versatility
? 1) The keyboard can be used for typing or Used to play games.
? 2) Multifunctional mobile phone
? 3) Swiss Army Knife (with up to more than 50 functions)
? 4) You can listen to mp3 Songs and data can also be stored.
? 5) Today’s printers integrate printing and copying
7 sets
? 1) Ink, refills, and pens Set together
?2) Indoor antenna of TV set
?3) Umbrella handle
?4) Thermos cup and thermos bottle are also made according to the set principle ?5) Fire trucks and cranes
8? Mass compensation
?1) Hovercraft, which is filled with air to make the boat float.
?2) Hydraulic jacks
?3) Submarines use discharged water to achieve lift
?4) Kites use the upward lift of the wind to rise into the air
?5) Filling the balloon with hydrogen (instead of air) can make the balloon float
9 Pre-charge reaction
?1) Parachute
?2) After pressing the button on the mobile phone, it can automatically return to its original position
?3) Car shock absorber
?4) The boat uses water to The reaction force (buoyancy) of the boat
?5) The children's trampoline uses the reaction force to bounce the children up
10 Pre-operation
?1) The opening of the can
?2) Injectable drugs are placed in fixed bottles according to quantity and type, and labeled.
?3) The incisions in the food bags make it easier for people to tear them apart
?4) When printing, format the content to be printed first
?5) When typing Turn on the computer first
11 Pre-compensation
?1) Washing machines, microwave ovens, etc. cannot work before the hatch door is closed to ensure safety.
?2) The soft leather cover on the thermos cup can prevent the quilt from slipping or burning your hands
?3) The bumper in front of the motorcycle can prevent damage to the car when it slips< /p>
?4) There are three ways to take off and land the aircraft landing gear (automatic, mechanical, manual), the latter two are compensation for the former method
?5) There are some ideas for motorcycles There are two types of fire start and foot start, which compensate each other.
12 Equipotentiality
?1) There are too many chairs that take up space, so they are designed as folding chairs
?2) In the current public transportation system, buses are advocated The bottom of the door is level with the ground of the bus shelter, making it convenient for disabled people to get on and off the bus
?3) Some doors make it difficult for people to figure out whether to push or pull. In such cases, they can be designed as sliding doors
< p> ?4) Inflator for blowing up balloons?5) Desktop fan can rotate and blow to people in different directions
13 Reverse
?1) Basketball. When playing ball, the ball bounces using the reaction force of the ground
?2) The elevator moves but the person does not move. It has changed the difficulty of climbing stairs without making people laborious.
?3) A handheld machine for installing screws. Forward rotation is for installation and reverse rotation is for disassembly.
?4) Refrigerators use the heat in the absorption box to cool down
?5) Boosters used for racing at sports events. Athletes use the reaction force on their feet to increase acceleration.
14 Curved surface
?1) The roller coaster uses the centripetal force generated by the sharp curved motion to prevent it from falling.
?2) The cup is designed in a cylindrical shape, which has a larger capacity and is easier to hold than other shapes.
?3) The wheels are all round
?4) The surface of the wheel has uneven textures to increase friction
?5) Screws The screw cap is connected with the nut to increase the bonding force and stability
15 Dynamic
?1) The electric bell used in school. When it is time to finish class or start class, the small hammer The vibration strikes the bell.
?2) The footage of the 100-meter race was captured by a tracking camera next to the track.
?3) The lights on the stage can automatically rotate and change the illumination position to produce different lighting effects.
?4) There is a tray under the computer monitor, which can adjust the position and direction of the computer.
?5) Stairs become elevators after automation
16 Functions not met or exceeded
?1) Although the washing machine washed the clothes, the clothes It is still wet and needs to be dried
?2) The shooting effect of the camera is not ideal, and it needs to be processed on a computer or special equipment, such as placing the captured video in a film and television production software.
?3) Boil water as hot as possible. Although there is a reminder device after boiling, it is useless if no one is around.
?4) The buttons on the TV were inconvenient, so people invented the remote control.
?5) The maximum speed of a car exceeds people's normal adjustment under normal physiological and psychological conditions, so generally people cannot reach this speed when driving.
17 Dimensional changes
?1) Keyboard operations are performed on the horizontal plane, but the results appear on the display screen on the vertical plane.
?2) The periscope on the submarine
?3) The double bed in the school, double-layered, vertically distributed. Generally, double beds save space.
?4) Adjustable tilt table
?5) Adjustable bookshelf, the number of shelves can be adjusted.
18 Vibration
?1) Vibration of mobile phones
?2) Fat-removing machines currently on the market are popular for weight loss.
?3) The electric bell strikes the outer bell shell with the vibration of the small hammer to make a ringing sound
?4) Electromagnetic vibration of medical equipment
?5) The screening machine used in mineral processing removes unnecessary things through a vibrating screen, leaving the ore behind.
19 Periodicity
? 1) The alarm on your mobile phone will ring once at a fixed time every day (i.e. after 24 hours).
? 2) The phone ring is cyclical
? 3) The swing of the clock is cyclical (although there is a slight error)
? 4) Satellite The time it takes to orbit the earth is fixed, so it is also cyclical.
? 5) The beverage filling production line fills a bottle of beverage at intervals to ensure that the next bottle is delivered in time.
20 Continuity of Effective Function
? 1) In order to ensure the timely evacuation and convenience of customers, supermarket elevators work continuously.
? 2) The beer and beverage production line must work continuously to ensure enterprise efficiency.
? 3) Solar water heaters convert solar energy into electrical energy to heat water, so that it can be used even when there is no sun.
? 4) Wheel rolling replaces other smooth movements and is used on cars or other equipment.
? 5) After the alarm is sounded when encountering a situation, it will continue to ring until people hear it.
21 Emergency Operations
? 1) The rocket rushes out of the atmosphere at high speed.
? 2) When steaming steamed buns, the best way to open the lid after the buns are cooked is to quickly uncover the lid to prevent burns.
? 3) The oxygen mask in the plane crash
? 4) The scalpel should be sharp to help the operation be completed as quickly as possible and reduce blood loss.
? 5) Fire fighting must be rapid to reduce casualties and property losses
22 Turn harmful into beneficial
? 1) Dispose of used beverage bottles and wine bottles Recycle, disinfect and reuse to reduce waste and pollution.
? 2) Electrolyze seawater to produce metal, and the chlorine gas produced is recycled to make disinfectant.
? 3) Use ocean tides to generate electricity
? 4) Use coal slag from thermal power plants for construction supplies.
? 5) Use waste straw, manure, etc. to make biogas
23 Feedback
? 1) There are many examples of feedback in computers, such as deleting files It will remind you whether to delete it
? 2) There are speed and fuel gauges on the front of the car to provide timely feedback of useful information.
? 3) The feedback from the mobile phone is better than the phone, with sound reminders and screen feedback.
? 4) When the water is hot enough, a sound reminder will sound after boiling it
? 5) The feedback system of the spacecraft reports all conditions inside and outside the ship to the ground receiving device.
24 Intermediaries
? 1) Electricity spreads through wires, and changing the material and size of the epilepsy will help reduce the consumption of electrical energy.
? 2) People can go from one place to another with the help of cars, airplanes...
? 3) Bullets are fired with the help of pistols, so the design of the gun is helpful Improve shooting accuracy.
? 4) Telephones realize the transmission of sound
? 5) In order to protect food from deterioration, use refrigerators to freeze food.
25 Self-service
? 1) If the car is designed to use solar energy as energy, then the car can provide energy to itself.
? 2) When the rocket rushes out of the atmosphere, after each section of fuel is used up, the shell will automatically disintegrate and fall back to the ground.
? 3) Put the phone on Install a message system to record useful information in the absence of the owner.
? 4) Submarines can make their own fresh water to achieve self-supply of fresh water
? 5) If the computer was shut down illegally last time, it will self-detect and repair when it is turned on.
26 Copy
? 1) Astronauts must train in the simulation cabin for a long time before officially setting off.
? 2) The programs played in movies and TV are simulated copies of the actual situation
? 3) Water is used instead of the scalpel used in the development, which is easy and convenient to disinfect and reduces the cost Leave blood.
? 4) Use plastic instead of steel or glass in buildings and furniture
? 5) Use petroleum products instead of grain to make wine; use water instead of petroleum to make automobile fuel
27 Low-cost, non-durable objects instead of expensive, durable objects
? 1) Use plastic-coated cardboard instead of wood to make furniture (disposable products)
? 2) Use foam instead of iron or other materials to make lunch boxes
? 3) Use plastic as materials for face plates, teapots and other daily necessities
? 4) Use disposable plastic bottles Replace glass bottles to hold drinks
? 5) Disposable paper cups or plastic cups
28 Replacement of mechanical systems
? 1) Make the stairs into a moving place Became an elevator
? 2) The sensor street lights on the road will automatically turn on when it gets dark enough.
? 3) Children's magnet writing tablet
? 4) Printer toner cartridge
? 5) Self-sounding kettle, which reminds people by beeping that the water is boiling.
29 Pneumatic and hydraulic structure
? 1) SYY-A pneumatic and hydraulic PLC comprehensive control experiment bench, which integrates pneumatic control technology, hydraulic transmission control technology and PLC programmable controller control The ideal comprehensive experimental equipment integrating technology.
? 2) Pneumatic hydraulic device is used inside the pneumatic industrial intelligent marking machine
? 3) Pneumatic hydraulic explosion-proof solenoid valve
? 4) Hydraulic-pneumatic cylinder: start Motor and gear pump are driven by the motor. The two meshing gears in the pump body rotate. The volume of the oil suction chamber continues to increase, forming a partial vacuum and producing oil suction. The hydraulic oil in the tank is sucked by the oil under the action of atmospheric pressure. The chamber enters the pump, and as the gear rotates, the hydraulic oil gradually enters the sealed pressure oil chamber, causing the pressure oil chamber to continuously shrink, thus forming a hydraulic effect, forcing the hydraulic oil out of the pump, and the pressed hydraulic oil passes through the pipeline. Entering the reversing valve, the control rod is operated to cause the hydraulic oil to flow in a directional manner. The hydraulic oil enters the cylinder through the pipe along the distribution direction. The continuous flow of hydraulic oil causes the piston in the cylinder to bear huge pressure, pushing the push rod to move linearly.
? 5) The excavator arm adopts hydraulic and pneumatic devices to achieve flexible expansion and contraction.
30 Flexible shells and films
? 1) Use plastic films in greenhouses
? 2) Use plastic bottles or paper cups instead of glass to contain water or Beverages
? 3) Turf on the football field
? 4) Amorphous silicon flexible thin film solar cells have changed the shape of previous solar cells. Due to their own flexibility, It can be coupled to other flexible objects such as plastics, textiles, and rigid objects such as metals, buildings, and other stationary or moving objects.
? 5) Film lighting (light touch type, waterproof type, etc.), used in smart products such as mobile phones and computers
31 Porous materials
? 1 ) Fiber
? 2) Wood
? 3) Briquettes
? 4) Sound-absorbing panels made of plant fiber as raw materials are used to solve building problems sound insulation problem, thereby eliminating noise.
? 5) Resistive silencers mainly use porous sound-absorbing materials to reduce noise, and are used as silencers for pistols.
32 Change color
? 1) There are special additives in the fluorescent rod. When the rod is bent, it emits bright light.
? 2) There are many buttons inside the cab, using different colors to remind people of different operations and the importance of the operations. (For example, red represents important and dangerous operations)
? 3) The design of life jackets generally uses bright colors or colors with fluorescent components to attract people's attention.
? 4) In hotels or restaurants, using green or other natural colors gives people a sense of returning to nature and improves people's dining environment.
? 5) Add special ingredients to the glass to make special colored glass, so that people can see the outside from the inside but cannot see the inside from the outside. Increase privacy.
33 Homogeneity
? 1) The power socket and plug have metal conductors of the same material inside. To ensure safety, the same insulation material is used on the outside.
? 2) Computer screens are often equipped with a protective screen to protect eyesight. In order to ensure that viewing is not affected, the same transparent material as the display screen is used, but some elements and ingredients to protect eyesight are added inside.
? 3) Screws and nuts are made of steel to ensure durability and stability.
? 4) Bicycle brakes are used to ensure friction and not wear easily. The material used for brakes is similar to that of wheels.
? 5) Table and chair combinations, in order to ensure a beautiful overall effect, generally use the same kind of materials, use the same technology, and have good matching.
34 Disposal and Repair
? 1) After household kitchen knives become dull, they need to be polished as follows
? 2) Plastic bottles can be recycled and disinfected before continuing Use
? 3) Recycle glass fragments into new glass for reuse
? 4) Use disposable chopsticks to make paper
? 5) Dianchi Lake Destroy it after use, otherwise it will cause pollution
35 Parameter changes
? 1) Change some characteristics and components of the bicycle to become a folding bicycle
? 2 ) A composite material made of magnesium salt whiskers as the main component and a small amount of glass fiber and resin slurry - glass fiber reinforced plastic. Its performance is greatly enhanced, it is more stable and hard than ordinary plastics, and is used to make one-time molded chairs. wait.
? 3) After lowering the temperature to a certain state, the storage time of things is greatly extended. The original purpose of the refrigerator design is based on this.
? 4) Add a little chlorine to tap water for disinfection. When the chlorine content is increased, it becomes a disinfectant.
? 5) Solid glue is easier to carry than liquid glue.
36 State changes
? 1) Use the heat absorbed by melting ice to freeze items
? 2) Obtain light source through the burning process of candles
< p> ? 3) The humidifier uses the evaporation of water to reduce the dryness in the room? 4) The thermometer uses the thermal expansion and contraction of mercury to count the temperature
? 5) Shock absorber Using the expansion and contraction of springs to achieve shock absorption
37 Thermal expansion
? 1) Thermal expansion of hot air balloons into the sky (Kongming lanterns also use the principle of thermal expansion)
? 2) Plastics When connecting water pipes, first heat and expand the water pipe joints, plug them in, and then shrink them tightly.
? 3) Use thermal expansion to restore the flat table tennis ball to its original shape
? 4) Fire sprinkler head
? 5) Thermometer uses the thermal expansion and contraction of mercury to achieve Temperature counter
38 Accelerate strong oxidation
? 1) The strong oxidation gun in steelmaking provides pure oxygen to the coke for full combustion and increases the steelmaking temperature.
? 2) The blower uses air flow to enhance the input of oxygen, making combustion more complete.
? 3) Multi-functional accelerated oxidation propeller. The tank is equipped with a deaerator, a temperature-controlled heater or steam heating. The lower conduit is connected to the accelerator pump, the pump outlet conduit is connected to the air suction device, the middle conduit is connected to the deaerator, and the upper part of the small conduit is introduced from the outer conduit in the middle. There are small holes drilled under the conduit, there are steel chips blue on the upper part, and there are steam inlets and water inlets at the outer conduit in the middle.
There is an air purifier connected to the air suction device, an opening at the top of the tank, a manhole, a thin grate, an opening at the bottom, a manhole in the middle, a sampling port at the bottom, and an external internal water level gauge. The water is heated and pumped in from the lower deaerator. The middle deaerator and the upper duct flush downward, continuously accelerating the circulation and bringing in air to achieve a combination of physical and chemical oxidation.
? 4) Refining of diesel. One is to remove the non-hydrocarbon compounds containing S, N, and O that are easily oxidized in diesel through a catalytic oxidation reaction to accelerate the oxidation and generate insoluble matter.
? 5) Biological contact oxidation method cleans microorganisms and other harmful elements in sewage, thereby purifying sewage. Its characteristic is that fillers are set up in the pool, and the bottom of the pool is aerated to oxygenate the sewage and keep the sewage in the pool in a flowing state to ensure full contact between the sewage and the fillers in the sewage and avoid biological contact. Insufficient contact between the sewage and the fillers in the oxidation pool. average defects.
39 Inert environment
? 1) The inside of the bulb is vacuum to ensure that the tungsten filament will not be oxidized.
? 2) The electrolysis of NaOH to produce sodium can only be completed in an inert environment
? 3) Among the methods of preserving fish are vacuum packaging, packaging with deoxidizer, and filling with carbon dioxide Packaging etc. These methods can effectively inhibit bacterial proliferation and prevent lipid oxidation.
? 4) The neon lamp glass tube is filled with inert gas, and a certain voltage is applied to the cathode and anode electrodes made of metal at both ends of the lamp tube to achieve gas discharge.
? 5) The high-pressure sodium lamp is a new type of electric light source with high luminous efficiency. Its efficiency can be as high as 100lm/w. It has a discharge tube made of special glass in the glass shell, and the tube is filled with There are appropriate amounts of sodium, mercury droplets and inert gas to achieve high-voltage discharge and luminescence in this environment.
40 Composite materials
? 1) There are many types of plastics, most of which are composite materials. For example, glass fiber reinforced plastic is used in the design of one-time molded chairs
? 2) Plywood used for furniture (tables and chairs in classrooms)
? 3) Flooring, marble, etc. Many construction supplies are also composite materials
? 4) Synthetic rubber (car wheels)
? 5) Briquettes are also made from a mixture of coal and clay