What kind of engine does an airplane usually use? Great gods, help!
Fighters are turbofan engines and turbojet engines, transport aircraft are turbofan engines and turboprop engines, and helicopters are generally turboshaft engines. Turbofan engine is a kind of aircraft engine, which is developed from turbojet engine. Compared with turbojet, the main feature is that the area of the first-stage compressor is much larger, and it also acts as an air propeller (fan) to push back a part of the sucked air through the periphery of the jet engine. The part of the engine core through which air passes is called the internal duct, and the part outside the engine core through which only fan air passes is called the external duct. The turbofan engine is most suitable for the flight speed of 400 to 1000 km, so most aircraft engines now use turbofans as power sources. This is a turbine engine. It is characterized by completely relying on airflow to generate thrust. Usually used as power for high-speed aircraft. Fuel consumption is higher than that of turbofan engine. There are two types of turbojet engines: centrifugal and axial. Centrifugal type was patented by British Sir Frank Whittle in 1930, but it was not until 194 1 that an airplane equipped with this engine went to heaven for the first time. It did not participate in World War II, but was born in Germany, and participated in 1945 as the first practical jet fighter Me-262. Compared with centrifugal turbojet engine, axial flow has the advantages of small cross section and high compression ratio. Today's turbojet engines are all axial flow. I. Working principle and structural characteristics (1) Working principle: When the exhaust gas from the basic part of a turbojet engine (usually called a gas generator) is used to rotate an additional turbine and drive the propeller through a reducer, this is a turboprop engine. In some turboprop engines, the extra power is directly generated by the propeller reducer driven by the compressor transmission shaft. This kind of engine is called direct-drive turboprop engine. There are many free turbines in modern turboprop engines, which are independent of the turbine-driven compressor and rotate in the exhaust flow of the engine. The self-contained turbine shaft drives the propeller through the reducer. (2) Structural features: There are three types of turboprop engines currently used: single shaft-compressor and propeller are driven by one shaft; Double shaft-one turbine drives some compressors, and the second turbine drives other compressors and propellers; The third type is turbine-driven compressor and turbine-driven propeller. Aviation turboshaft engine, or simply Vortex Uranium Engine, is a turbojet engine with output shaft power. France was the first country to develop a turboshaft engine. In the early 1950s, Tubomeka Company developed a helicopter engine with only one-stage centrifugal impeller compressor and two-stage turbine, with a single rotation output shaft power of 206kW(280hp), becoming the world's first aviation turboshaft engine for helicopters, named "Artouste- 1". The first helicopter equipped with this engine was Bell 47 (No.XH- 13F) produced by Bell Helicopter Company of the United States, which made its first flight at 1954.