How to plant the artificial mushroom wall?

There are many cultivation methods, and different varieties are different. On the basis of the original border cultivation and bag cultivation, there have been many new breakthroughs in recent years, such as garden cultivation, protected cultivation, three-dimensional cultivation, underground cultivation, mulching cultivation and off-season cultivation. It should be pointed out that these technologies have their own advantages and disadvantages and must be combined with local conditions. The following are some advanced cultivation methods. ⑴ The method of covering soil and grass with Pleurotus ostreatus: It not only has the advantages of covering soil to produce mushrooms, but also overcomes the shortcomings of mud touching mushroom roots. The method is to build a bed in the greenhouse, with a width of about 1 m and a depth of 30 cm. Dig loose the soil at the bottom of the pit, spread a layer of fertilizer mud, cut the mature mushroom bag into two parts from the middle, remove the tube membrane and discharge it vertically in the bed. When you see that the soil surface is covered with hyphae, cover it with a layer of rice and wheat straw (pre-soaked with lime water) with a length of 15-25 cm. It is advisable to cover the grass with an obviously invisible thickness of the soil layer, and then cover it with a film to cause bacteria. Pay attention to ventilation, and a large number of primitive bases will appear in a few days. ⑵ Soil remediation method with single row of sludge surface bacteria wall. It is necessary to prepare the materials of composite soil and plastering mud in advance. River mud pond mud is the best, followed by vegetable garden soil. 4-5% of vegetables and their leachate, 0.5- 1% of phosphate fertilizer, 0.2% of urea, 0.1-0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1-3% of lime powder are added to the soil. In the greenhouse, a ridge or wall foot (height 15-25 cm) is built at a distance of 80- 100 cm, and the bagged fungus sticks are arranged on the ridge in turn, and the topdressing liquid (4-5% of vegetables and leachate, and 0.4 %- 0.6% of urea) is sprayed once. ⑶ Bag-covered cultivation: After the plastic bag of good bacteria is uncovered, it is directly cultivated in the shed and bed. Choose a plot with good drainage and fertile land, dig a bed with a depth of 10-20cm, a width of 100- 150cm and an unlimited length, dig a drainage ditch around the bed, level the bed bottom, sprinkle a little lime for disinfection, and then arrange the bacteria sticks after unpacking horizontally. Then cover the surface of the fungus stick with 3-5cm thick mixed soil (or garden soil), disinfect it with 1-2% lime water before use, cover it with film and straw curtain to avoid direct sunlight, and then manage it according to the fruiting situation. ⑷ Narrow ridge hole sowing cultivation. For example, the production of Pleurotus ostreatus, the bed width is one meter, the material thickness is 10 cm, and then the upper material is separated with wooden boards to make narrow ridges, so that the whole bed surface is wavy. The peak spacing is 30 cm, and then it is compacted with a wooden board, and then it is sown by a hole sowing method with a hole spacing of10cm×10cm. The surface is sprinkled with a layer of strains and materials, leveled with a wooden board, covered with a layer of broken straw wetted with 2% lime water, and covered with a long mushroom film for routine management. It is a very important link to develop the production of edible fungi and control the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria. The so-called miscellaneous bacteria refer to all microorganisms that inhibit or hinder the normal growth of edible fungi except those that grow on the culture medium and have not been specially cultivated, and are collectively called miscellaneous bacteria. Generally, the main measures to reduce the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria are: 1, and the caked and caked culture materials should be broken, and the culture materials should be fermented first or treated with lime water. 2, the mother seed, the original seed culture cotton plug can not absorb moisture pollution, the tightness should be moderate, too loose and easy to enter miscellaneous bacteria. 3, autoclaving should pay attention to the relationship between pressure, temperature and time. Master the secondary exhaust, the mother seed shall be sterilized in the test tube for not less than half an hour, and the original seed shall be sterilized for not less than 1 hour. Not less than 10 hour after atmospheric sterilization reaches the scheduled temperature. 4, vaccination must be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of aseptic operation, can not reduce procedures, as far as possible to reduce pollution sources. 5. The culture room should be ventilated, dry and disinfected in time. 6, to prevent the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria should implement the policy of prevention first, supplemented by drugs, in order to reduce pollution, increase production, reduce costs, improve quality, and ensure the safety and health of consumers. 7. Common miscellaneous bacteria: Streptomyces (Baker's mold) and Trichoderma viride are common in high temperature season, which turn white first and then green, and Rhizopus turns white first and then gray white and then black; Penicillium filaments are broom-shaped, as well as Aspergillus, Mucor and ghost umbrella. The fundamental way of prevention is to strictly operate every link, find it in time after the onset, and take measures to prevent the spread of harm. 6. The cultivation and management of Pleurotus ostreatus is a group of edible species or varieties. At present, there are many varieties and their habits are similar. It is easy to learn to cultivate Pleurotus ostreatus and grow other mushrooms. 1. Basic habits: ① Wide temperature range. Although mycelium requires 20-28℃, fruiting bodies can be divided into six types: high, medium, low and wide, and varieties can be selected according to production needs. (2) The water content of the medium with high humidity is 60-70%; The air humidity of the fruiting body is 85-95%. (3) It belongs to aerobic fungi. When the ventilation is poor, the fruiting body has a long handle, a thin cover and deformation. (4) It is beneficial to acidic environment, and the PH value of the culture medium is 5.8-6.2. ⑤ The requirement for illumination is that the mycelium should be dark, but the fruiting body should scatter light with dark light intensity and white light intensity. 6. It belongs to wood rot fungus, which uses starch first, and then decomposes fiber and wood powder. 2, cultivation methods ① Conditional use of clinker, fermented materials, general sowing raw materials for cultivation. 85% cottonseed hull and 15% corn flour are generally disinfected with 0.3% carbendazim, and 0.5% salt can be added when mixed, which has no residual poison and can promote growth and development. The feed-water ratio is 1: 1.3, and calcium superphosphate is added. (2) Diamine, urea, etc. They all need to be in solution to be mixed evenly. Raw materials need to be piled up for one day, bagged and sown the next day, and the amount of bacteria is 10% of the raw materials, with three layers of bacteria and two layers of materials. After inoculation, drill holes and ventilate to produce bacteria.