Man-made fibers are not synthetic, such as viscose fiber, Tencel (rayon) and rayon.
Chemical fibers are short fibers or filaments of organic polymers processed by any of the following methods.
1, made by polymerizing organic monomer substances, such as polyamide, polyester, polyurethane or polyethylene derivatives;
2. Natural organic polymers (such as cellulose, casein, protein or seaweed) are made by chemical changes, such as viscose fiber, cellulose acetate fiber, cuprammonia fiber or alginate fiber.
For chemical fibers, the term "synthetic" refers to the fiber described in clause 1; The word "man-made" refers to the fiber mentioned in paragraph 2.
For textile materials, the terms "chemical fiber", "synthetic fiber" and "artificial fiber" have the same meanings as the above explanations.
Question 2: What synthetic fibers are there?
One of two chemical fibers. Chemical fibers made of synthetic polymer compounds. Polyamide cellulose, polyester fiber, acrylic fiber and polyvinyl formal fiber are the four major synthetic fibers in China. In addition, polypropylene fiber and polyvinyl chloride fiber also have a certain output.
The main varieties of synthetic fibers are: (1) Synthetic fibers can be divided into carbon chains according to the main chain structure, such as polypropylene fiber (polypropylene fiber), polyacrylonitrile fiber (acrylic fiber) and polyvinyl formal fiber (vinylon); Heterochain synthetic fibers, such as polyamide fiber (nylon), polyethylene terephthalate (polyester), etc. (2) According to performance and function, it can be divided into high-temperature resistant fibers, such as polybenzimidazole fibers; High temperature corrosion resistant fibers, such as PTFE high strength fibers, such as poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide); Radiation resistant fibers, such as polyimide fibers; There are also flame retardant fibers, polymer optical fibers and so on. There are three main processes in the production of synthetic fibers: preparation of synthetic polymers, spinning and post-treatment.
New functional synthetic fiber;
1 superfine fiber
Polyester with fiber fineness of 0.5→0.35→0.25→0.27(dpf), superfine polyester with specifications of 50/ 144, 50/2 16 and 50/288. There is also superfine nylon Tactel fiber produced by DuPont, the diameter of which is less than10 μ m. The clothing made has good soft feel, breathability, waterproof and windproof effects.
2 Composite fiber (sea-island type and split type)
Mainly composed of PET/COPET or PET/PA, sea-island fiber: the fineness can reach 0.04-0.06dpf, which is an easy-to-shrink sea-island composite fiber and can be used as suede coats, home textiles and industrial fabrics. The fineness of composite split fiber is 0. 15-0.23(dpf), and that of DTY yarn is 80/36× 12. It can also be used as suede and peach skin textiles.
3 Moisture absorption and perspiration fiber
The way to realize the function of moisture absorption and perspiration of textiles can be: (1) The fiber section is Y-shaped, cross-shaped, W-shaped, bone-shaped, etc. Therefore, the surface area is increased, and there are more grooves on the fiber surface, which can improve the effect of moisture conduction. (2) Hollow or porous fiber: Using the principle of capillary action and surface area increase, sweat can spread rapidly. (3) Chemical attack on the fiber surface: hydrophilic groups are added to the fiber surface (grafting or crosslinking method) to achieve the purpose of rapid moisture absorption. (4) Hydrophilic finishing: in the post-treatment process of printing and dyeing, hydrophilic auxiliaries are directly used to endow fabrics or fiber yarns with hydrophilicity. (5) Multi-layer fabric structure: the inner fabric is made of hydrophilic fibers, which can quickly absorb the sweat produced by human body and then transfer it to the outside through the gap of the outer fabric to achieve comfortable and cool performance.
Moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking fibers include CoolTech of Guangxin synthetic fiber, Coolplus of ZTE Textile Co., Ltd., Delight fiber of South Asia Plastic Industry Co., Ltd., Topcool fiber of moisture-absorbing and sweat-wicking polyester of Far East Textile Co., Ltd., Technofine fiber (W-type PET) produced by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd. of Japan, CoolMax fiber of DuPont, etc.
4 dyeable polyester fiber
(1) introduce a dyeable group (third monomer) into the molecular structure, such as cationic dyeable polyester CDP or HCDP with anionic dyeable group in the molecule and acidic dyeable polyester with cationic group in the molecule;
(2) Polypropylene terephthalate (PTT) fiber and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) fiber with changed molecular regularity.
PTT fiber has been patented in 194 1 to produce this kind of polyester. Due to the high cost of raw materials for producing 1 3 propylene glycol (PDO), it has not been industrialized. It was not until 1995 that Germany's Degussai Company industrialized the production of 1 3 propylene glycol, which greatly reduced the cost. Then, in May 1995, Shell Company of the United States launched Corterra polymer products, and built a production line with an annual output of 2.2kt propylene glycol and 5.5ktp, with the trade name Corterra, which has varieties of filament and short fiber. There are PTT fibers produced by DuPont Company in the United States called Sorona, Solo of Asahi Kasei Company in Japan, SK Chemical Company in Korea, Hualong and China in Taiwan Province Province. & gt
Question 3: What is synthetic fiber? Synthetic fibers include acrylic fiber, vinylon, vinyl alcohol polymerization, polyester fiber, ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid synthesis, acetate fiber and so on.
Question 4: What's the difference between man-made fiber and synthetic fiber? Synthetic fibers and man-made fibers are both chemical fibers. Synthetic fibers are synthetic fibers in the chemical industry, such as polyester, polypropylene, acrylic fiber, nylon and so on. Man-made fibers are not synthetic, such as viscose fiber, Tencel (rayon) and rayon. Man-made fiber: basically refers to viscose filament and staple fiber fabrics, that is, rayon, rayon, etc. In addition, it also includes some fiber-rich fabrics and medium-long fiber fabrics between filaments and short fibers. Therefore, the performance of rayon fabric is mainly determined by the characteristics of viscose fiber. Synthetic fiber: A synthetic linear polymer with suitable molecular weight and solubility (or meltability), which is made by spinning and post-treatment. This kind of fiber-forming polymer is usually called fiber-forming polymer. Compared with natural fibers and man-made fibers, the raw materials of synthetic fibers are synthetic, and the production is not limited by natural conditions. Different kinds of synthetic fibers not only have the general superior properties of chemical fibers, but also have some unique properties, such as high strength, light weight, easy washing and quick drying, good elasticity, and no fear of mildew and moth. Synthetic fibers and man-made fibers are both chemical fibers. Synthetic fibers are synthetic fibers in the chemical industry, such as polyester, polypropylene, acrylic fiber, nylon and so on. . . Man-made fibers are not synthetic, such as viscose fiber, Tencel (rayon) and rayon.
Question 5: What's the difference between synthetic fiber and man-made fiber? Polyester (polyester), nylon (polyamide), polypropylene (polypropylene), acrylic fiber (polyacrylonitrile), chlorine fiber, spandex and so on. These are all made of petrochemical materials, not synthetic fibers.
Viscose rayon, acetate rayon, cuprammonia rayon, Tencel and Modal are all made of natural cellulose fibers (bark, pulp and waste cotton yarn) by melt spinning and spinning, and they are all man-made fibers. In essence, there is not much difference in chemical composition between man-made fiber and cotton yarn.
Synthetic fiber and man-made fiber are collectively referred to as chemical fiber, or chemical fiber for short. However, at present, the word chicken fiber is gradually moving closer to synthetic fiber. What people usually call "chemical fiber" refers to synthetic fiber in most cases.