First, the problems in the construction of smart cities
(A) there are differences in understanding
Although many cities in China have put forward the goal of building a smart city, there are great differences in the understanding of smart cities. The understanding only exists in technology, and there is almost no mention of the superstructure. Smart city planning in some places does not involve the application of advanced information technologies such as Internet of Things, cloud computing and triple play, and the technical ideas and modes are relatively backward. In addition, the same departments in different regions have different views on the construction of smart cities.
Chart 1: Analysis of Main Technical Relations in the Construction of Internet of Things
Source: Organized by Prospective Industry Research Institute.
(B) planning is not systematic
The information industry in many cities in China is relatively weak, and there is no long-term urban development planning, related information construction and management methods, policies, regulations or standards for the development of information industry. The imperfection of management system has become the biggest obstacle to the rapid development of smart city construction in China. However, some smart city codes in China lack scientificity and authority, and the implementation of smart city planning has not been effectively monitored.
There are still some cities in China that have not formulated unified planning and management standards and basic technical support in the construction of smart cities, and the mechanisms of information sharing, data acquisition and updating have not been effectively improved and solved, lacking a scientific and effective overall framework for the construction of smart cities and operating modes suitable for different types of cities.
Chart 2: Analysis of Smart City Operation Mode
Source: Organized by Prospective Industry Research Institute.
Chart 3: Conditions of Smart City Operation Mode
Source: Organized by Prospective Industry Research Institute.
(C) the technical standards are not standardized
The nonstandard core technical standards such as the Internet of Things are also a major obstacle to the construction of smart cities in China. In the construction of smart cities in China, due to the lack of unified standards and inconsistent data formats, it has brought great inconvenience to digital development. However, China's Internet of Things technology still adopts international standards in the high-frequency field. For the core UHF field, its standards are controlled by foreign organizations. If this model is copied, it will cost a lot of patent fees, which is not conducive to enterprise development and smart city construction. In addition, the cost of sensor tags is too high, which is not conducive to the application and promotion of Internet of Things technology.
Lack of necessary talents
Because the construction of smart cities in China started late, the construction of Internet of Things in most cities is not perfect, and there is a shortage of technical innovation talents, especially senior professional and technical talents and compound talents who understand technology, government processes and enterprise management. It is difficult to realize the organic combination of management information system and government and city management operation, which seriously affects the operation efficiency and quality of information platform. However, many cities in China are short of talents in the construction of smart cities, mainly in regional economics, industrial economics, electronic technology, communications and so on.
Second, the problems existing in the operation of smart cities
(1) Financial pressure.
According to the calculation of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other relevant government departments, the investment scale of smart city construction in China during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period is between 500 billion-1000 billion. According to the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan of smart cities in various places, the investment scale will still be roughly the same. Due to the increasing pressure of local fiscal revenue and the expanding scale of fiscal expenditure, the financial pressure of smart city construction will increase.
Chart 4: Investment scale of some smart cities (unit: 100 million yuan)
Source: Organized by Prospective Industry Research Institute.
(B) the lack of data application platform
At present, local governments have formulated big data application plans for smart cities. There are many systems developed by various government departments, and the systems lack the same standards and specifications. It is difficult for government information departments to conduct horizontal integration and collaboration, and big data is not enough to support scientific decision-making.
(C) the industrial pull effect is weak
At present, most smart city projects are directly invested by the government, and there has been no suitable model to attract enterprises and social forces to participate. The participation of enterprises and social forces is low, and the industrial pulling effect is weak. In addition, the information engineering led by the government and the information system spontaneously built by social forces are relatively separated and not well integrated.
This change in the status quo needs to innovate the government mechanism and the cooperation mode between government and enterprises to attract enterprises to jointly build and operate. Only when enterprises participate in the construction of smart cities can the government pay more attention to management and guidance and give full play to the main role of the market.
The above data and analysis are all from "Analysis Report on the Development Prospect and Investment Forecast of Smart City Construction in China from 2065438+08 to 2023" issued by Prospective Industry Research Institute.