What is "graphene"?
Graphene exists in nature and is a form of carbon. Graphene is layered to form graphite, which is a very common mineral. Graphene is known as the king of materials that promoted the fourth industrial revolution and changed the world pattern. Two British scientists won the 20 10 Nobel Prize in Physics for their great contributions in the field of graphene.
Characteristics of graphene
Graphene is the strongest material known, which is 200 times that of steel. Graphene is an ultra-thin material, which is 1 millionth of the hair diameter. Graphene only receives 2% light, which is almost invisible to the naked eye; Graphene is one of the known materials with the best thermal conductivity and heat dissipation, and its thermal conductivity is 10 times that of silver. The flexibility of graphene can be stretched by 20%; Graphene has high water content and high antibacterial property.
Fields where graphene can be applied
Graphene is used in basic research, sensors, transistors, flexible display screens, new energy batteries, seawater desalination, hydrogen storage materials, aerospace, photosensitive elements, composite materials, biology, textiles, architecture, agriculture and many other fields.
How will graphene change people's lives?
The performance of graphene carbon-based chips is more than ten times that of silicon-based chips, and mask aligner is not needed to manufacture carbon-based chips; Graphene battery for new energy vehicles, charging 10 minute running 1000 km; The mobile phone can last for a week after charging for 5 seconds, and the battery life is long; Smartphones can be wrapped around your wrist, computers can be rolled up, TVs can be built into windows, and even contact lenses can be built into the display screen; Graphene, as a bulletproof vest, is light and thin; Graphene non-invasive treatment of tumors and so on.
It is believed that with the maturity of graphene technology, there will be more fields that can be developed to facilitate and enrich people's lives.
Research status and progress of graphene
At present, more than 30 countries and regions around the world have laid out graphene industry. China has become the most active country in the research and application of graphene in the world. China's investment in basic research and development of graphene ranks first in the world, and the number of patent applications ranks first in the world. According to the number of graphene patents retrieved by overseas institutions, by 20 18, the number of graphene-related patents in the world will reach 15 182, and the number of patent applications in China will reach 13092, accounting for more than 80% in China. The top three graphene companies in the world are all in China.
Relevant statistics show that there are currently more than 30 graphene industrial parks, graphene innovation centers and graphene research institutes built or under construction in China, and there are currently more than 2,000 enterprises engaged in the research and development of graphene raw materials and products, and this number is gradually increasing. In terms of global technology patent distribution, China, the United States and South Korea are the top three in global graphene R&D production.
Application and Latest Achievements of Graphene
Graphene plays an increasingly important role in traditional fields such as semiconductor industry, photovoltaic industry, aerospace, military industry and emerging fields such as new energy and new materials. At present, there are more than 20 varieties and 272 product brands of graphene products in China. Product quality, particle size classification and grinding processing methods have reached the world advanced level. At the same time, due to the continuous development of deep-processed products, the product structure has also been greatly improved. It has been able to produce nearly 1000 kinds of deep-processed products in six categories, such as graphite emulsion for color kinescope, GRT energy-saving and wear-reducing additive, expandable graphite, graphite plate, graphite seal and graphite refractory, which represent the contemporary international advanced level.
It is worth noting that the 8-inch graphene single chip manufactured by the Chinese Academy of Sciences has achieved small batch production, and the chip may usher in a new era? (Now the chip is silicon-based, and the chip made of graphene is carbon-based, with lower power consumption and higher efficiency, and its performance is more than ten times that of the silicon-based chip, and the manufacture of carbon-based chips does not require mask aligner). In addition, Wang E Science and Technology, headquartered in Shenzhen, released the results of graphene's non-invasive treatment of tumors. This new non-invasive, low-side-effect, low-cost treatment strategy will become a great progress in curing cancer and is expected to become one of the mainstream methods of tumor treatment in the future.
Other countries also have a number of breakthrough applications or research results, and there are not a few papers or laboratory results for the time being.
Market prospect of graphene
At present, the annual output of graphite mining in China accounts for about half of the world's output, ranking first. For a long time, graphite has been one of the leading nonmetallic minerals in China, and will continue to develop steadily. China's graphene market will occupy more than half of the market share and be in a dominant position in the global market. The industry is optimistic that graphene will lead the trillion-dollar industry. According to public data, the global annual production capacity of graphene has reached 100 tons. The annual production capacity of graphene will reach thousand tons. In 20 19, the graphene market in China will reach 56 billion yuan, and in 2020 it will reach 1000 billion. Among them, the new energy market will exceed 53.4 billion yuan, the composite material market will exceed 37.2 billion yuan, and the electronic information industry market will exceed 26.7 billion yuan (the latest data is unknown). The above three industries are all hot spots in the recent market. The industry predicts that the annual compound growth rate of graphene is about 56.39%, and it is predicted that the market size of graphene in China will reach about 335 billion yuan in 2023.
Graphene industry risk
1. The overall quality of graphene patents in China is not high, and the number of basic core patents is small. 2. The price of high-purity graphene is comparable to that of gold, even higher than that of Huang Jingui. The price is calculated in grams, which inhibits the development of the industry to some extent. 3. At present, graphene has not entered the real stage of large-scale industrial production. "How will graphene change our lives?" At present, the content of the paragraph is only graphene technology, which is not really applied or even popularized, including the 8-inch graphene single chip made by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which is still immature; The new technology of graphene non-invasive treatment of tumors is still some time away from practical application. 4. It is difficult for Moscini to peel off the monolayer structure, and new methods for preparing graphene emerge one after another, which shows that this is a mature process. 5. Use solid-state batteries. Last weekend, Weilai announced that the next new model will use solid-state batteries with better safety, energy density and cycle life, which is regarded as the next generation battery technology. The lithium battery concept stocks that led the Force on Monday included Xingyun (300648), Chuanneng Power (000 155), Shengxin Lithium Energy (002240), Yahua Group (002497), Shengtun Mining (6007 165438) and Huayou Cobalt and Nickel. Contemporary Anpu Technology Co., Ltd. (300750), Ganfeng Lithium Industry (002460), Meg (002340) and Tianqi Lithium Industry (002466) also experienced different degrees of decline, and the funds of Xinneng Automobile (159824) fell by more than 4%. (It was confirmed on Tuesday that Weilai's so-called solid-state batteries are only semi-solid and all-solid-state batteries.
Operational suggestion
At present, the concept of graphene in the A-share market is generally depressed, and some individuals are divided. For the time being, it is mainly to wait and see. When the overall strength of the plate appears and the whole market is among the top gainers for many times, seize the opportunity to step back and intervene. The following picture shows the relevant stocks.