Rommel has repeatedly denounced the undisciplined Italians. In his view, the supplies of the African legion could not be delivered, and every attack was not smooth. They probably provided information to the British army. As we all know, it was the Germans who betrayed the information, and Rommel wronged the Italians. What happened?
This has to start from the end of the First World War.
19 18, Germany, as a defeated country, was restricted by the Treaty of Versailles, and its national economy was greatly affected. Fortunately, industrial production in Germany is very developed, and many inventors have appeared. Arthur Shelbius is one of them. Using modern electronic technology, he invented a machine that can encode automatically.
This machine consists of a keyboard, a rotor and an indicator. At first glance, it looks like an old typewriter, but this complicated and exquisite "box" is the most advanced cipher machine at that time. Shelbius patented it and named it Enigma, which means "charade". But its price of $30,000 attracts little attention.
1923, when he was desperate, the German military took great interest in this cipher machine. They have carried out strict safety and reliability tests, and the results are very satisfactory. The factory in Shelbius began to mass-produce Enigma for the Germans, and it became an unbreakable cipher machine recognized by Germany in World War II.
The British, who have been uneasy about Germany since the war, have been closely monitoring German communications. I didn't expect that Germany couldn't get any new information after using Enigma in 1926, and things didn't turn around until 193 1. A German under the pseudonym of Esk provided information about Enigma to the Department of Homeland Security.
Ironically, this German's brother is the head of German communication, and he himself works in the cryptography department. Due to social dissatisfaction and financial constraints, he obtained 10000 mark by selling information. However, the French could never decipher it, thinking that Germany, which was "restricted", was not a big threat, so they gave up and gave the information to the Poles.
Different from France, Poland, which is often divided in history, has always been concerned about Germany in the west and the Soviet Union in the east because it has always been hostile to Poland. It is this idea of "being prepared for danger in times of peace" that makes Poles attach great importance to intelligence work, and the information sent by the French allows them to find a breakthrough in decoding.
Poles who can't fight lead the world in deciphering codes.
According to the military cooperation agreement between the two countries, when the French handed over the information bought from the Germans to Poland, they invested a lot of manpower and energy. Set up a cryptographic bureau, find top mathematicians in China and start tackling key problems. Although great progress has been made, as soon as the Germans change their codebooks, they have to start all over again.
Fortunately, this German, whose alias is Esk, has been providing information to the French for the next seven years. However, in 1938, he stopped his cooperation with the territorial supervision agency. Due to the tense relationship between Germany and France, "public and private" is extremely dangerous. If you stop in time, you will save your life even more.
Before Germany invaded Poland, Enigma was upgraded with higher security. And as Germany tore up the non-aggression treaty signed with Poland, it invaded the Sudetenland; At home, anti-Polish voices are on the rise. In this case, Poland urgently needs the help of its allies to crack Ingmar.
At the same time, I also hope that one day, Poland is attacked and the allies can continue to study Ingmar. When the British and French colleagues saw the achievements of the Polish Cryptography Bureau, they couldn't help being surprised. They didn't expect that the Poles were 10 years ahead of them in password cracking. The British, in particular, have been suffering from lack of a clue.
To their delight, the Polish Cryptography Bureau sent two copies of "Mystery" and a lot of information to their British and French colleagues. It seems that Poles have realized the seriousness of the problem and are preparing for the worst. Sure enough, two weeks later, the Germans invaded Poland and occupied the whole territory in 28 days.
Under the expectation of Polish colleagues, Britain and France began to continue their research. But to make matters worse, the situation in Europe turned sharply, and France, which claimed to have the first army, surrendered after 38 days. The cracking of the Enigma code must be done by the British on the other side of the strait. In order to seize the initiative, the British had to overcome this difficulty.
This is the mysterious "Blackley Manor".
With the ravages of Germany in Europe, the struggling British people actively defend their homeland, and at the same time invest more manpower and material resources to strive for a breakthrough in passwords, master every move of the German army, and provide important information for resisting the German invasion. Therefore, the British people attach great importance to this "baby", which can be said to be "fondle admiringly".
First of all, site selection is very important. Sir Hugh Sinclair, the British admiral at that time, was the head of MI 6. He took Blackley Manor as a "super secret" research and development site, which deviated from downtown and was located in a forest, which was both safe and confidential. What is even more rare is that it is not far from Oxford University and Cambridge University, which is convenient for experts to gather.
Secondly, gather all kinds of experts to tackle key problems. In order to crack the code as soon as possible, the military can be said to have tried its best to convene a group of linguists, mathematicians and logicians. Break the code day and night. Alan turing is one of the best. Simulated Game was produced in England in 20 14, and it is a biographical film based on his experience.
More importantly, "keep secret, keep secret, keep secret again". To this end, the core personnel "eat, drink and sleep" are almost all in the manor, and even the radio department has been moved out of the manor because the antenna is too "ostentatious". It is also required that all deciphered information can only be conveyed orally to Churchill by Sir Sinclair, and it is not allowed to appear in any text.
After two years of research, this "super secret" finally played a role. Rommel has been scolding the Italians for their unfavorable maritime transportation, and the much-needed fuel and supplies have been delayed. In fact, most of the fuel of the African legion sank to the bottom of the sea because the British grasped the time and place of their transportation and ambushed them.
Of course, this also explains why Montgomery always takes the Italian army first. Because the British have completely mastered the intelligence of the distribution of African legion forces through "super secret". Rommel, who was kept in the dark, always blamed the Italians for their incompetence and poor performance, and even suspected them of selling information.
It is not groundless that, in order to protect "super secrets", the British army did not forget to pour "black water" on the Italians after every action in Africa, releasing words or suggesting that the success of the British army was an Italian "mutiny". Italians are too lazy to explain, because "more lice don't bite, and more debts don't worry."
Strictly speaking, "super secret" is a trump card in Churchill's hand, and even kept secret from Roosevelt until the United States entered the war. Due to the safety measures in place, it was not until 1970 that the secret of Bracelli Manor was known to the world, and later it became a museum with the theme of cryptography.
Rommel didn't know until he died. It is not only disappointing Italians and tricky logistics that make him walk hard in Africa, but also the "mystery" that has already been solved. The Germans were defeated by "one of their own" rather than by the powerful forces of the allied forces, because the German, whose alias was esk, betrayed Germany.
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References: World War II, Rommel Biography, Infantry Attack.