1. Currently, residents holding disability certificates can enjoy the following preferential policies:
(1) Nursing subsidy for disabled people (first and second level) of 500 yuan;
(2) Special poverty subsidy of 600 yuan for disabled people from poor families on the basis of subsistence allowances;
(3) Serious illness assistance for extremely poor disabled people (between 4,000 and 5,000 yuan);
(4) Fuel subsidies for motor tricycles for disabled people.
2. Disability levels are divided into level one, level two, level three, and level four. This is also the basis for disabled people to enjoy preferential policies and support regulations of the national and local governments and to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.
3. Although there are many preferential policies for people with disabilities, each policy has a certain scope of use and benefits different targets, depending on age, disability level, and family economic status. Therefore, disabled people should receive preferential policies suitable for them based on their own circumstances and needs.
Extended information:
Welfare for disabled people in China
(1) Contents of welfare for disabled people
Traditional concept holds that disabled people Welfare means that the state and society provide various material assistance to disabled people. In fact, from today's perspective, this view is incomplete.
In addition to providing basic material assistance, welfare for disabled people must also provide corresponding rights protection in terms of rehabilitation, medical care, education, employment, culture and entertainment for disabled people based on the socio-economic and cultural development conditions. Strive to achieve the goals of "equality, participation, and full enjoyment" for disabled people.
1. Employment of Disabled People
The state and society take necessary measures to ensure that disabled people have equal opportunities for employment in the labor market. The rights of disabled people to participate in social labor and employment are highly valued by governments of various countries. Many national laws stipulate that all units must employ disabled people in proportion, and at the same time implement tax exemptions and other preferential support policies. Various forms are adopted to arrange employment for persons with disabilities.
my country's "Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons" stipulates that people's governments at all levels should make overall plans for the labor and employment of disabled people and create labor and employment conditions for disabled people. For the employment of disabled people, we should implement the policy of combining concentration and decentralization, adopt preferential policies and support and protection measures, and make the employment of disabled people gradually popular, stable and reasonable through multiple channels, levels and forms. . There are two main ways to employ disabled people in my country, namely social absorption and welfare enterprises.
2． Education for Disabled Persons
The "World Program of Action on Disabled Persons" states that member states should ensure that disabled people have equal access to education. This includes making children with the most severe disabilities enjoy compulsory education; and allowing for increased flexibility in terms of entry age, teaching content, and examination procedures. The United Nations Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities point out that in countries where compulsory education is implemented, compulsory education should be provided to all categories and levels of boys and girls, including children with severe disabilities.
Chinese laws stipulate that the state guarantees the right of disabled people to receive education, and governments at all levels should regard the education of disabled people as an integral part of the national education undertaking, implement unified planning, and strengthen leadership. According to the characteristics of disabled people, two education methods are adopted:
The first is the general education method. Implemented for persons with disabilities who have the ability to receive general education.
The second is special education methods. Implemented for persons with disabilities who do not have the ability to receive general education. In addition, education is implemented based on the physical and mental characteristics and special needs of persons with disabilities. The state establishes educational institutions for persons with disabilities and encourages social forces to run schools and donate funds to support education. The state organizes and supports the research and application of Braille and sign language, the preparation and publication of special teaching materials, and the development, production and supply of special teaching tools and auxiliary supplies.
3. Rehabilitation of Disabled People
The international community believes that as long as rehabilitation knowledge and methods are taught to disabled people, a considerable number of disabled people can be trained in functional, self-care and labor skills within the family and community.
Rehabilitation generally includes the following services:
①Early detection of illness;
②Diagnosis and treatment;
③Medical care;
④ Social, psychological and other aspects of consultation and assistance;
⑤ Self-care training;
⑥ Vocational skills training, vocational training, open recruitment and protected employment placement;
⑦Provide assistive devices, mobility tools and other equipment; ⑧Specialized education services, etc. In ensuring the rehabilitation of disabled people, we must emphasize the abilities of disabled people and respect their personality and dignity. Rehabilitation should take place in a natural environment and be supplemented by social rehabilitation services and specialized rehabilitation institutions.
my country's "Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons" stipulates: The state and society take rehabilitation measures to help disabled people restore or compensate for their functions and enhance their ability to participate in social life.
Rehabilitation technology should be based on reality and combine modern rehabilitation technology with traditional Chinese rehabilitation technology. With rehabilitation institutions as the backbone, community rehabilitation as the basis, and disabled families as the basis, we focus on practical, easy-to-implement, and widely profitable rehabilitation content, and carry out research, development, and application of new rehabilitation technologies to provide effective rehabilitation for disabled people. Serve.
4. Cultural life of persons with disabilities
The World Program of Action concerning Disabled Persons proposes that Member States ensure that persons with disabilities have the opportunity to fully develop their creative, artistic and social potential, both for their own benefit and for their own benefit. Profit is also to benefit society.
For this purpose, their participation in cultural activities should be ensured. When necessary, special assistance should be provided, such as hearing aids for the deaf and Braille printed books for the blind. In order to activate the cultural life of disabled people, the Paralympic Games, Special Olympics, World Deaf Games, International Special Arts Festival, and International Intelligence Competition for Disabled Persons are held regularly internationally.
The guiding principle for ensuring the cultural life of disabled people in my country is: cultural, sports, and entertainment activities for disabled people should be oriented to the grassroots, integrated into the cultural life of the public, and adapted to the different characteristics and needs of various types of disabled people. , to enable widespread participation of persons with disabilities. The state and society take various measures to enrich the spiritual and cultural lives of disabled people, mainly including:
① reflect the lives of disabled people and serve them through radio, film, television, newspapers and other forms;
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② Organize and support the compilation and publication of Braille books, audio books for the blind, and books for the mentally retarded, launch TV sign language programs, and add subtitles and explanations to some film and television works;
③ Organize and support Disabled people carry out mass cultural, sports and entertainment activities, hold special art performances and special sports games, and participate in major international competitions and exchanges;
④ Establish planned venues for disabled people to provide services for disabled people Convenience and care.
5. Organizing Welfare Homes for Mental Patients
Welfare homes for mental patients are welfare institutions in my country that accept and treat mental patients. They are organized by the three departments of health, civil affairs, and public security, and are responsible for the admission and treatment of different objects. The mission of the Welfare Home for Mental Illnesses of the Ministry of Civil Affairs and Health is to adopt mentally ill persons in cities and towns who are helpless, have no source of income, and have no obligated caregivers. They also adopt mentally ill persons whose families are unable to care for them at their own expense.
The Welfare Institute for Mental Patients implements open management for mental patients, that is, no confinement, no binding, no locking, and adopts labor therapy, entertainment therapy, drug therapy and psychological therapy, and uses a combination of these four methods.
6. Activities to assist the disabled
Public service agencies should provide care and preferential treatment to disabled people, including:
① Disabled people should take domestic public transportation Provide certain care and convenience, and even enjoy reduced or free services;
② Books for the blind can be delivered free of charge;
③ Disabled persons apply to open retail stores in public places Or apply for poverty relief housing or parking spaces, their quotas should be reserved and approved with priority;
④ For the donations and taxes payable by disabled people or their caregivers, the government should determine according to the disability level and family economic status of the disabled person in accordance with the law. Give appropriate relief.
7. Environmental safeguards
The "Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities" point out that countries should recognize the importance of a barrier-free environment in the process of equalizing opportunities in all areas of society. States should adopt action plans to make the physical environment accessible to persons with disabilities of any kind and take measures to make information and communication accessible.
At the beginning of the 20th century, a new architectural plan emerged in the architectural field - barrier-free design. It uses modern technology to improve the environment, provides convenient mobility and safe space for the disabled, and creates an "equal participation" environment. Currently, many countries have adopted internationally accepted accessibility design standards.
my country's "Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons" stipulates: The state and society will gradually create a good environment and improve the conditions for disabled people to participate in social life; gradually implement urban road and building design specifications that are convenient for disabled people, and adopt non-disabled measures. Barrier measures, etc.
In 2001, the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, and the China Disabled Persons' Federation jointly issued the "Barrier-free Design Code for Urban Roads and Buildings", which included 24 mandatory provisions incorporating engineering construction standards.
(2) Problems and solutions to the welfare of disabled people
At present, there are still many problems in the welfare of disabled people in my country, which are mainly reflected in: the level of protection for disabled people It is low and lags behind economic and social development; there is lax management of barrier-free facilities;
Inadequate care for the disabled, and inadequate sanctions for violations of the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled; providing assistance to the disabled in order to find employment The tax incentives for welfare enterprises emphasize form and neglect efficiency, which leads to some adverse effects.
In view of the current problems existing in the welfare of disabled people in my country, the following measures should be taken to solve them:
① Mandatory implementation of decentralized and proportional employment of disabled people in accordance with the law;
② Mandatory implementation of barrier-free design specifications on major urban roads and large public buildings;
③ Provide special services for disabled people. Such as opening a specialty store for disabled people;
④ Adding dismissal protection and giving disabled people special rights to rest;
⑤ Researching, developing and producing products adapted to the use of disabled people;
⑥ Pay special attention to disabled people in rural areas;
⑦ Formulate the Implementation Rules of the Law on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Disabled Persons;
⑧ Pay more attention to the rehabilitation of disabled people. Great efforts should be made to popularize rehabilitation knowledge to disabled people, teach training methods, provide affordable auxiliary tools, and guide and help disabled people to conduct self-training at home and in the community.
Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Welfare for Disabled Persons