Li Shizhen and Compendium of Materia Medica
Li Shizhen, a native of Ming Dynasty, was a great doctor and pharmacologist. Li Shizhen's family has been practicing medicine for generations, and his father's medical skill is very high. He often treated patients for free, but he just didn't want his son to be a doctor again: at that time, practicing medicine was a despised profession. Li Shizhen doesn't think so. He secretly made up his mind to treat patients like his father.
Li Shizhen began to treat people at the age of 22, practicing medicine and studying drugs. He found that many old medicine books had many shortcomings, so he made up his mind to rewrite a perfect medicine book. In order to write this medicine book, Li Shizhen not only paid attention to accumulating experience in treating diseases, but also personally went to various places to collect medicines. He is not afraid of mountains, roads, cold and heat, and has traveled all over the famous mountains and rivers rich in medicinal materials. Sometimes he doesn't go down the mountain for days. Eat some dry food when you are hungry, and spend the night in the mountains when it gets dark. He traveled thousands of miles and visited hundreds of doctors, old farmers, fishermen and hunters, and learned a lot from them that were not in books. He also personally tasted many medicinal materials to judge their nature and efficacy.
It took him 27 years to return to his hometown and finally compiled a new drug book, the famous Compendium of Materia Medica. This book has more than one million words and records more than 800 kinds of drugs, each with pictures. It is a masterpiece of Chinese medicine books, which has been translated into many languages and spread all over the world.
Academician Yuan Longping is an outstanding contemporary agricultural scientist in China and the world-renowned "father of hybrid rice". He has been working for more than 50 years, and he is not afraid of difficulties, persistent in pursuit, bold in innovation and brave in climbing the peak. The achievements of scientific research make the research and application of hybrid rice in China lead the world. After popularization and application, it not only solved the problem of food self-sufficiency in China, but also made outstanding contributions to world food security. Yuan Longping's advanced deeds have had a wide influence at home and abroad, and have been fully affirmed by the party and state leaders and widely praised by all walks of life. Jiang Zemin pointed out in the preface to the series "Approaching Yuan Longping" written for the winners of the highest national science and technology award: "The winners of the highest national science and technology award, such as Comrade Yuan Longping, are outstanding representatives of Chinese science and technology workers. On them, they are condensed with the noble sentiments of China intellectuals' patriotism and the fine tradition of the Chinese nation's unremitting self-improvement, the strong national self-esteem, self-confidence and pride of our people, the grand ambition of China scientific and technological workers to dare to innovate, work hard and strive for the Chinese nation, and the lofty spirit of rigorous scholarship, being a teacher by example, being approachable and being a ladder. They have written a beautiful chapter for the development of science and technology in China with their own actions, and made contributions worthy of the motherland and the times with their diligence and wisdom. " In August 2005, Premier Wen Jiabao praised: "Yuan Longping's contribution is not only beneficial to China, but also to the world. "
The curies
The Curies personally experienced the physiological effects of radium, and they were burned by laser rays more than once. Together with doctors, they studied the application of radium in cancer treatment and started radiotherapy. During the First World War, she participated in the battlefield health service for the motherland Poland and the second motherland France, organized X-ray cars and X-ray studios to serve the wounded soldiers, and treated the wounded soldiers with radium, which played a great role.
After World War II, Madame Curie returned to Paris, where she established the Radium Science Institute to continue her research and train young scholars. In his later years, he completed the refining of polonium and actinium. Madame Curie has been engaged in radium research for 35 years without any protective facilities. In addition, during the war, she established an X-ray room for four years, which seriously damaged her health and caused her severe anemia. She had to leave her beloved laboratory on May 1934 and passed away on July 4 1934.
The curies were indifferent and humble all their lives. They don't like worldly compliments and compliments, and they don't care about personal reputation and status. After radium was discovered and successfully extracted, they did not apply for a patent and did not reserve any rights. They believe that radium is an element and should belong to all mankind. They disclosed their method of extracting radium to the whole world. It took them more than ten years to prepare more than one gram of radium, worth about100000 dollars, and all of them were handed over to the Radium Research Institute without taking a penny. One gram of radium donated to her by the American Women's Association was not for personal use, half was given to the French Radium Institute and the other half was given to the Warsaw Radium Institute. When radium was used to treat cancer, they could have become millionaires overnight, but they agreed not to take away all the material benefits of their invention. The purpose of their hard work is to obtain happiness for mankind from new discoveries.
Mozart: A gifted and intelligent child prodigy Mozart is recognized as a child prodigy in the history of music. He showed his extraordinary talent and outstanding talent in music very early. From Mozart's childhood, we can see a child's positive attitude towards music and persistent pursuit of artistic career. Although not everyone is a genius, Mozart, a prodigy, is definitely a good example, legendary and worth learning. When he was a child, Mozart often went to the piano, pressed the keys and listened carefully, and tried to play the music he had heard. Once, Mozart's father came home with his friends and saw 4-year-old Mozart sitting at his desk writing. When his father asked him what he was doing, Mozart said that he was writing a piano concerto. My father took a look at the employee paper. He shed tears with excitement. He said to his friend, "Look, what he wrote is both correct and meaningful!" " Talent, diligence and hard work, this is the talented boy Mozart!
Newton (1642 ~ 1727)
Newton was an English physicist and mathematician. Former President of the Royal Society.
Newton is recognized as one of the greatest scientists of all time. His childhood was full of pain. His father died three months before he was born, and later his mother remarried. He was brought up by his grandmother. After graduating from the famous Cambridge University, I stayed to work in the school. Later, he came to his mother's farm to escape the plague prevalent in London. Here, he was attracted by a phenomenon that ordinary people turned a blind eye. Once, when he saw a ripe apple fall to the ground, he began to wonder why the apple landed vertically instead of flying into the sky. There must be a force pulling it, so will this force pulling the apple down control the moon? It was through this seemingly simple phenomenon that he discovered the famous law of gravity. The great function of this law will soon be shown. It explained the motion of all celestial bodies known at that time. At the same time, Newton completed an important optical experiment, which proved that white light is composed of synthetic light arranged in sequence of red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple. 1687, Newton published the greatest scientific work ever, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. Here, he deeply studied Galileo's theory and summarized three famous laws of motion. In addition, the binomial theorem he discovered also has a place in mathematics. 1704 published the book Optics, and summarized his research achievements in optics.
Newton was elected president of the Royal Society at the age of 6 1 and was re-elected every year until his death. As the most outstanding master of science recognized by the world, he still modestly said: "If I see farther than others, it is because I stand on the shoulders of giants." 1727 On March 20th, Newton died at the age of 84. As a great man who made contributions to the country, he was buried in the British National Cemetery and respected by the world.
Lu Xun likes reading. At that time, it was the period of introducing western culture, and he was excellent almost every month.
In order to buy these books, Lu Xun scrimped and saved and went hungry from time to time. He still wears a thin jacket in the cold winter. Lu Xun is the youngest in the class, but he gets the best grades. He has a strong understanding and memory, and he usually studies hard, so he almost won the first prize. Mine Road School has a perfect reward and punishment system, and every time you get excellent results in the quiz, you will be given a third-class merit medal. Several third-class medals can be exchanged for a second-class medal; Those who have accumulated more than two medals will be awarded a first-class medal. The first prize is gold, which is very valuable. Lu Xun is the only person who has won a gold medal in his class. He sold his medal and got many excellent books. Some students feel that they can't understand that the gold medal is an infinite glory among students. In Lu Xun's view, books are more useful than medals, and he doesn't need anything to satisfy his vanity. Lu Xun kept this humble character all his life. .
Sima Qian, a great historian and writer in China, traveled all over the country in his youth, getting in touch with society, experiencing people's feelings and inspecting historical sites. Later, he inherited his father's position, made an imperial edict, and read many ancient documents treasured by many countries. On this basis, he began to write historical records according to his father's wishes.