1608, HansLippershey, an optician in middelburg, the Netherlands, built the world's first telescope. Once, two children played some scenes in front of Lipper's shop. They looked at the weather vane on the distant church through the front and rear lenses and were in high spirits. Liporsay picked up two lenses and saw that the weather vane in the distance was greatly enlarged. Lippert ran back to the store and put the two lenses on a spool. After many experiments, Hans Lippert invented the telescope. 1608, he applied for a patent for his telescope, and made a binoculars according to the requirements of the authorities. It is said that there are dozens of telescope opticians in the town who claim to have invented the telescope, but it is generally believed that Hans Lippert is the inventor of the telescope.
The news of the invention of the telescope soon spread in European countries. After learning the news, Italian scientist Galileo made one himself. The first telescope can only magnify the object three times. A month later, the second telescope he made can be magnified 8 times, and the third telescope can be magnified 20 times. 1609 10 in June, he made a telescope with a magnification of 30 times. Galileo observed the night sky with a self-made telescope and found for the first time that the surface of the moon was uneven, covered with mountains and craters. Since then, four moons of Jupiter and the sunspot movement of the sun have been discovered, and the conclusion that the sun is rotating has been drawn.
Who invented the astronomical telescope?
Almost at the same time, the German astronomer Kepler began to study telescopes. He proposed another astronomical telescope in bending optics, which consists of two convex lenses. Unlike Galileo's telescope, it has a wider field of vision than galileo telescope. But Kepler didn't make the telescope he introduced. Sagana first made this telescope between1613-1617. He also made a telescope with a third convex lens according to Kepler's suggestion, and turned the inverted image of the telescope composed of two convex lenses into a positive image. Sagana made eight telescopes, one for observing the sun, and no matter which one can see sunspots with the same shape. Therefore, he dispelled many people's illusion that sunspots may be caused by dust on the lens, and proved that sunspots are really observed. When observing the sun, Sagina installed special shading glass, but Galileo did not add this protective device. As a result, he hurt his eyes and finally became almost blind. Huygens of the Netherlands made a telescope with a tube length of nearly 6 meters to explore Saturn's rings in 1665, and later made a telescope with a tube length of nearly 4 1 meter.
3. Who invented reflecting telescope?
1793, William Herschel of England made a reflective telescope. The reflector has a diameter of 1 30cm, is made of copper-tin alloy and weighs1ton.
1845 reflecting telescope made by WilliamParsons in England, with a mirror diameter of1.82m. ..
19 17, Hooke telescope was built at Mount Wilson Observatory in California, USA. Its primary mirror aperture is 100 inch. It is through this telescope that EdwinHubble discovered the amazing fact that the universe is expanding.
4. Who invented reflecting telescope?
1930, BernhardSchmidt, Germany, combines the advantages of refractive telescope and reflecting telescope (refractive telescope has small aberration but chromatic aberration, and the larger the size, the more expensive it is; Reflective telescope has no chromatic aberration, and its cost is low. The reflector can be made large, but there is chromatic aberration), and the first folding reflective telescope is made.
After the war, reflective telescopes developed rapidly in astronomical observation. 1950, Haier reflective telescope with a diameter of 5.08m was installed on the Paloma Mountain.
1969, a reflector with a diameter of 6 meters was installed on Pastuhov Mountain in the North Caucasus of the former Soviet Union.
1990, NASA put the Hubble Space Telescope into orbit. However, due to the mirror failure, the Hubble Space Telescope didn't play its full role until 1993 astronauts completed the space repair and replaced the lens. Because it can not be disturbed by the earth's atmosphere, the image clarity of Hubble telescope is 10 times that of similar telescopes on earth.
1993, the Keck telescope with a diameter of 10 meter was built in Monaque Mountain, Hawaii, and its mirrors were composed of 36 mirrors with a diameter of 1.8 meter.
In 200 1 year, the European Southern Observatory in Chile developed the Very Large Telescope (VLT), which is composed of four 8-meter-diameter telescopes, and its condensing capacity is equivalent to that of a 16-meter reflective telescope.
20 14 On June 8th, Chile will level the top of CerroAmazones to house the world's most powerful telescope, the European Extra Large Astronomical Telescope (E-ELT). Mount Seroya Amazon is located in the Atacama desert, with an altitude of 3000 meters. E-ELT, also known as "the world's largest eye in the sky", is nearly 40 meters wide and weighs about 2,500 tons. Its brightness is 65,438+05 times that of the existing telescope, and its clarity is 65,438+06 times that of the Hubble telescope. The telescope costs 879 million pounds (about 9.3 billion yuan) and is expected to be officially put into use in 2022.
A number of telescopes under construction have begun to attack the White Giant brothers on Mount Monaque. These new competitors include the 30-meter telescope (TMT) with a diameter of 30 meters, the GiantMagellanTelescope with a diameter of 20 meters (GMT) and the OverwhelmingLargeTelescope with a diameter of 100 meters (OWL). Their supporters point out that these new telescopes can not only provide space pictures with far better image quality than Hubble, but also collect more light, learn more about the initial stars and cosmic gases when galaxies formed 654.38 billion years ago, and clearly see the planets around distant stars.