Childhood obesity is divided into three grades, 20-30% is mild obesity, 30-50% is moderate obesity, and more than 50% is severe obesity. The normal weight of preschool children aged 3 ~ 6 is about 15 ~ 20kg.
In childhood obesity, the vast majority belong to simple obesity or benign obesity. This is due to overeating and reduced exercise, so that the remaining heat energy is converted into body fat. Some children have a family history of obesity, which shows that it is related to heredity; A few children are secondary obesity, which is mostly caused by various diseases, such as kidney disease and encephalitis sequela's disease. Obesity in children is not a trivial matter, and it is very serious, so we need to be vigilant.
Early manifestations of childhood obesity
1, onset age. The three stages of obesity are: after birth 1 year, 4-5 years old and adolescence.
2, excellent appetite, eat more, like sweets, greasy food, and often have bad eating habits.
3. The subcutaneous fat is evenly distributed, and white or reddish stripes can be seen on the skin of severely obese children.
4, adolescence can grow too fast, the bone age is normal or exceeds the actual age.
Obese girls can start puberty earlier than ordinary children, but boys may be the opposite.
6. Aerobic capacity is impaired, and obese children have external manifestations such as heartbeat, shortness of breath and fatigue during activities, as well as behavior habits that do not like to participate in physical activities.
7. Pay attention to complications. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular injury, hypertension, visceral diseases, skeletal malformation, gout, obese pulmonary ventilation syndrome, etc.
Childhood obesity is harmful.
1. Hyperlipidemia
The blood lipid of obese children is significantly higher than that of normal children, and dyslipidemia is a high risk factor for atherosclerosis.
2. It is easy to induce fatty liver.
The incidence of fatty liver in severely obese children is as high as 80%. Obesity in children is an important risk factor of fatty liver, and hypertension and hyperlipidemia are the risk signals of fatty liver in obese children.
3. Susceptible to respiratory diseases
Obese children's chest wall fat accumulation, limited compression and chest expansion, reduced compliance, limited diaphragm movement, affecting lung ventilation function, reducing respiratory resistance, prone to respiratory diseases.
4. Susceptible to digestive system diseases
The prevalence of digestive diseases in obese children was 15%, which was significantly higher than that in normal children (4%). Obese children have low immune function. Obese children's immune function is low, especially their cell activity is obviously reduced, and they are prone to infectious diseases.
5. Susceptible to hyperinsulinemia
Obese children generally have hyperinsulinemia. In order to maintain glucose metabolism, they are forced to secrete a large amount of insulin for a long time, leading to islet secretion failure and diabetes.
6. Early puberty
The contents of testosterone in male blood and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in female blood of obese children were significantly higher than those of normal children. The increase of body fat can increase the secretion of adrenal hormones, reduce the sensitivity of hypothalamus to the threshold of circulating sex hormones, and lead to precocious puberty. Early sexual development will cause sexual awareness, lead to early confusion, fear and anxiety about sex, and affect children's study and life.
7. Obese children have low IQ.
The total IQ and quotient of obese children are lower than those of healthy children, and their activity ability, learning ability and communication ability are also the first. Over time, they will have depression and inferiority complex, which will make children sensitive to interpersonal relationships, introverted and have low social adaptability, which will affect their mental health.
Why do children get fat in vain, and parents need to be vigilant? Obesity has become the biggest killer threatening life, and the probability of obese people suffering from various diseases is much higher than that of healthy people. Therefore, when parents face the problem of children's obesity, they must take their children to a professional pediatric hospital for consultation and examination in time to find out the cause of the child, so as to get better results in symptomatic diagnosis and treatment.