In the middle is Meng Tian wearing a phoenix tail, a high crown and a robe. The post-soldier was holding a book with the banner of "General Meng Tian" written on it. The former soldier grabbed a prisoner and knelt on the ground, while the other soldier seemed to be giving a report. Characters are dotted with strange stones, fences, plantains, bamboo leaves, flowers and plants, etc. The picture is complex but not chaotic. This bottle is a fine blue and white porcelain of Yuan Dynasty.
The flag held by the samurai is the flame-toothed flag contained in Yuan Shi Yu Fu. This flag comes down in one continuous line with the tooth flag in Da Jia Lu written by Yuan, which belongs to a typical Yuan style. The military uniform worn by soldiers is a national costume worn by Mongols, that is, a sun suit. It is a kind of robe with tight sleeves, with a cross collar and a square collar, which is long and short, reaching to the knee and short to the knee. Meng Tian is wearing a "braided garment", or "tunic", with a wide hem and waist, which can only be worn by senior officers. The feather on Meng Tian's head is an important headdress in China's drama performance, and it is a dramatic costume with great dancing ability. Anyone who has seen the Beijing opera "Lu Bu Plays the Story of Losing Xin" will be deeply impressed by the details of Lu Bu's story of playing losing Xin with feathers. This is because the helmet crown of ancient warriors is often decorated with tail feathers, which is called the crown. Horn mouth, slender neck, gallbladder abdomen, slightly outward circle foot, height 27.5, caliber 8.5, bottom diameter 8.2 cm. The whole device is glazed inside and outside, with high glaze transparency, fine white tire soil, flint red at the exposed tire, rich blue and white with brown spots. The inside of the mouth is decorated with grass leaf patterns. The neck is decorated with a willow tree and hanging branches.
The figure pattern on the upper abdomen is the main pattern of the whole bottle decoration, which is based on the story of Zhou Dunyi (Mao Shu), the founder of idealism in the Northern Song Dynasty. Facing the lotus pond, Zhou Maoshu sat on the stone beside the pond, "looking" at the lotus in the pond from a distance, admiring the noble image of "Lotus emerges from the mud without dyeing, clear without evil, straight through and not crawling". The other is a tourist, witnessing the lotus pond, and they face each other and have a dialogue. On uncle Mao's left is a lotus pond surrounded by pebbles, bamboo and flowers. , decorated with clouds on both sides of the head. Under the chord pattern of the lower abdomen, there are grass patterns around the ring, and eight lotus petals are decorated under it, and cirrus patterns are painted between the petals. The whole bottle has clear picture, smooth lines, prominent theme, reasonable layout and elegant shape.
Zhou Dunyi, Mao Shu, the originator of Neo-Confucianism, was born in Yingdao, Daozhou (now Daoxian, Hunan), and had a special liking for elegant and dignified lotus flowers all his life.
After the Northern Song Dynasty, Neo-Confucianism founded by Zhou was carried forward by his disciples Cheng Er and Zhu, and became the ideological and theoretical pillar of the feudal landlord class ruling the people. Zhou Dunyi was of course respected by the feudal ruling class. Among the people, Zhou Dunyi, as a hands-on and fair local official, is deeply loved by the people, and the appearance of Zhou's masterpiece "Ailian Shuo" is even more praised as a beautiful talk. In the Yuan Dynasty, operas and novels were well developed, and works of art with historical stories were very popular, such as Xiao He Chasing Han Xin under the Moon, General Meng Tian, Visiting the Cottage, etc., which were all decorative paintings of blue and white porcelain in the Yuan Dynasty. "Zhou Maoshu loves lotus" is one of the pictures of "four loves", and "Tao Yuanming loves chrysanthemum", "Wang Xizhi loves goose" and "Lin Hejing loves plum" are collectively called four loves.
Because the picture of the story "Mao Shu loves lotus" is extremely rare in blue-and-white porcelain of Yuan Dynasty, and it has not been mentioned in the history of China ceramics, this blue-and-white jade pot with lotus pattern of Mao Shu in Yuan Dynasty is extremely precious. The shape is the same as that of Uncle Mao's lotus vase, and flint red can be seen at the exposed tire of the circle foot. Glazed all over, slightly light blue-gray. The blue-and-white pattern is slightly gray, and obvious concave black spots can be seen in the depth of color. Height 27, diameter 8.5, base diameter 8.5 cm. The edge of the mouth is broken, and the inner edge of the mouth is decorated with a circle of grass patterns. The neck and shoulders are decorated with four petals covered with lotus, the petals are painted with clouds, and the lower part is decorated with a circle of money patterns. The upper abdomen is decorated with four lotus patterns, which is the theme decoration of the bottle body, and the lotus flowers are competing to open. The lower abdomen is decorated with eight petals of lotus, which is separated from the theme pattern by a week of grass patterns.
Jade pot spring bottle was used as a wine bottle from the beginning and gradually evolved into flower arrangement. Later, it was also used to display porcelain. For example, famille rose, enamel jade pot and spring bottle in Yongzheng and Qianlong periods were all used as display porcelain, and blue and white jade pot and spring bottle were also used as display utensils. In the Qing Palace Museum in the east of Palace of Gathered Elegance, there are "a pair of blue-and-white three friends, jade pots, spring bottles and wooden stands, green jade carving pots and coral bonsai". The best cover of the blue-and-white story in the Yuan Dynasty is the blue-and-white picture of "Zhao Jun's departure from the fortress" in the Japanese Art Museum.
The shape and composition of this urn cover are very similar to the "single riding savior" unearthed in Hengxian County, Guangxi. There are nine figures and seven riders on the belly of the pot (the other two riders should be hidden behind the rocks). Among the nine figures, there are men and women, old and young, riding horses and walking with whips. Immediately carry a bow and a bag. There are differences in appearance and clothing. Among them, Wang Zhaojun, a woman dressed in China, was riding a white horse, holding a pipa and holding a high bun, accompanied by a woman named Khufu. Among these six people, some wore mink crowns, tall hair, eagles and Hu clothes; Some people wear felt hats and China clothes. Speaking of envoys of the Huns and officials of the Han Dynasty. In the picture, rocks are hidden, and pine trees, green willows, bamboo shoots and plantains are mixed. Good density and uniform layout. Longquan kiln celadon jade pot spring bottle is 33.8 cm high and 20.4 cm in diameter. 1973 Chen Wen's tomb was unearthed in Hefei, Anhui.
The tire color is white and the carcass is heavy and dignified. The glaze is as warm as jade. The neck is decorated with banana leaf patterns, and the lower part of banana leaf is decorated with back patterns for one week. The abdomen is decorated with tangled peony and deformed lotus petals. Circle your feet and decorate your tattoos for a week. Dignified in shape and beautifully decorated, it is a fine product of Longquan kiln.
According to the epitaph, the tomb was built in the 12th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 14 14), and its owner was Chen Wensheng in the 3rd year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1332). Although it was unearthed in the Ming Tombs, its shape, decoration and glaze color all have the characteristics of Yuan porcelain.