Toyota was founded by Ichiro Toyoda. In 1895, Ichiro Toyoda was born in Japan and graduated from Tokyo Imperial Middle School with a major in mechanical engineering. At the end of 1929, Toyoda personally inspected the automobile industry in Europe and America. In 1933, the Automobile Department was established in "Toyota Automatic Loom Factory". Toyoda's classmate Ichiro Kumabe bought him a German DKW front wheel drive car from Germany. After two years of disassembly and assembly research, he finally built a GI car in August 1935. The car has two strokes and two cylinders, a wooden body and a leather roof.
in p>1934, Toyoda decided to set up an automobile factory. In 1937, Toyota Motor Industry Co., Ltd. was established with an initial capital of 12 million yen and more than 3 employees.
from the end of p>1936 to the beginning of 1937, the sales of Toyota-made trucks have been sluggish due to poor quality. After Japan launched the war of aggression against China, the army purchased a large number of trucks, and all Toyota's stock cars were sold out, and Toyota made a lot of money.
In April 195, Toyota Motor Music Sales Company was established. In June 195, the Korean War broke out, and the US military ordered a huge amount of 4.6 billion yen, and Toyota developed rapidly. On March 27, 1952, Ichiro Toyoda died of a cerebral hemorrhage due to excitement. In 1974, Toyota formed the Toyota Group with 16 companies including Hino and Daihatsu, and at the same time formed a cooperation network with more than 28 small and medium-sized enterprises. In July, 1982, Toyota Motor Corporation and Toyota Motor Sales Company merged again and officially changed its name to Toyota Motor Corporation.
Toyota's products cover automobiles, steel, machine tools, electronics, textile machinery, fiber fabrics, household necessities, chemicals, construction machinery and construction industry. In 1993, the total sales amounted to US$ 85.283 billion, ranking fifth among industrial companies in the world. In 21, 4.45 million automobiles were produced, accounting for 9.4% of the world automobile market. In 26, Toyota sold 8.88 million cars worldwide.
Toyota of Japan has become the world's largest automobile manufacturer, which plays a decisive role in the world automobile production industry.
Toyota's three oval signs have been used since the beginning of 199. The big ellipse in the logo represents the earth, and two ellipses are vertically combined in the middle to form a T-shape, which represents Toyota. It symbolizes Toyota's confidence and ambition based on the future.
this corporate brand ranks one hundred in the 26 Top 5 World Brands list compiled by World Brand Lab.
in p>28, it ranked 5th in the list of the top 5 world incomes.
the meaning of TOYOTA logo (set in October, 1989)
This logo was published in October, 1989, on the occasion of the 5th anniversary of Toyota's founding, and the design focus was on the symmetrical structure of oval. The ellipse is a curve with two centers, which indicates that the automobile manufacturer and the customer are soul mates. Moreover, two ellipses are combined horizontally and vertically to represent the first letter T of TOYOTA. The space behind shows that TOYOTA's advanced technology is expanding and extending all over the world, facing the future and the universe.
KiichiroToyoda (1894 -1952): the founder of Toyota Motor Corporation. He founded Toyota Motor Corporation and realized his father's last wish: to produce cars made in Japan.
Before producing cars
Toyoda was born in 1895, and his father, Toyoda Satoshi, was both a famous textile king and a famous "inventor" in Japan.
actually, the history of Toyota can be traced back to 1896. That year, 29-year-old Satoshi Toyoda invented the "Toyota-style steam loom". The loom he invented is not only the first automatic loom in Japan that does not rely on manpower, but also different from previous looms, which can be looked after by a car stopper at the same time, greatly improving productivity. Even the British Prade Company, the world's number one textile machinery manufacturer at that time, sent a request for the transfer of the patent right to Toyoda Satoshi. Finally, in 1929 (Showa 4), Satoshi sold the right to use this patent for 1, pounds (1 million yen at that time).
March into the automobile field
In p>193, 63-year-old Toyoda Satoshi died. He left his children a thriving cotton mill with nearly ten thousand employees. Toyoda Sasaki's eldest son, Ichiro Toyoda, is full of interest in the world outside Japan. Kiichiro once visited Europe and the United States. He was deeply shocked by the vigorous industrial revolution in Europe and America, and the car made his blood boil. He believes that cars are bound to be an important means of transportation in the future.
When Toyoda started to develop cars, General Motors and Ford Motor Company in the United States had already become world-famous big companies. In terms of mass production technology and market operation, the strength of the two companies is enough to make all other automobile manufacturers in the world lag behind, and they have opened their own automobile assembly plants to Japan respectively.
however, Ichiro Toyoda didn't pay too much attention to the actions of the two American auto giants. He devoted himself wholeheartedly to the establishment of the domestic automobile industry based on mass production. In Toyota Automatic Loom Factory, a brand-new department-Automobile Department was born. On August 28th, 1937 (the 12th year of Showa), the Ministry of Automobile declared its independence from Toyota Automatic Loom Factory. As a new company with a capital of 12 million yen, "Toyota Automatic Vehicle Industry Co., Ltd." embarked on its own brand-new course.
In the newly completed factory, aa cars began to be put into production, with an initial output of only 15 cars per month. A year later, Toyoda Ichiro, who had firm confidence in the Japanese automobile industry, resolutely decided to invest 45 million yen to build a production system with a monthly output of 2, vehicles, which was almost four times the company's capital.
Japan is a country lacking in natural resources, so Toyoda believes that developing reliable and durable cars with high fuel consumption is a crucial issue for Japanese automobile industry. In 1939, the company set up a battery research institute and began to develop electric vehicles. In 194, Toyota produced about l5 cars, 98% of which were passenger and cargo vehicles. At that time, it introduced a new compact car, equipped with a 4-cylinder 2.2-liter 48-horsepower engine, which was closer to Sweden's rich pv6 in appearance. Although Toyota doesn't have much experience in cars. But it sticks to a creed: imitation is simpler than creation, and it would be better if we can improve it while imitating. Ichiro is in the same line as his father's philosophy. He knows that it is necessary to produce safe, solid, economical and traditional cars first, not innovative products. So for a long time, all Toyota cars have such characteristics.
devastated by the war
In December p>1941, the Pacific War broke out. By the end of World War II in August 1945, Japan's industrial production facilities were almost destroyed, and Toyota's factory was also severely damaged in the war. In the first few years after the war, Japan's economy was in chaos, and all employees of the company were deeply worried about the development prospect of Japan's automobile industry, which was already quite backward. In order to rebuild the automobile industry as a pillar industry for economic development in peacetime, Toyota decided to set up a new small car factory on the basis of the original truck mass production system in September 1945 (Showa 2 years). This decision was made mainly considering that American automobile manufacturers do not produce small cars, hoping to avoid direct competition with American automobile manufacturers. In January 1947, the prototype of the first small car was finally successfully trial-produced. According to the principle of fluid mechanics, this prototype car adopts streamlined body and spine frame structure, and four-wheel independent suspension constitutes a brand-new body mechanism with a top speed of 87 kilometers per hour.
it took two years after the prototype was born, and in 1949, Toyota's career finally embarked on a stable development track.
Enter the period of development and growth
In p>1962, Toyota began to March into Europe. This year, Toyota's output exceeded the million mark for the first time.
The opening of Mingshen Expressway (Nagoya to Kobe) in p>1965 opened the prelude to the era of high-speed road traffic in Japan. Japan's automobile industry, which experienced the blank years after the war, can be said to be the least internationally competitive field among all Japanese industrial industries at that time. However, Toyota foresaw that large-scale liberalization of international trade and capital would soon sweep across Japan. In order to meet the arrival of the new era, Toyota stepped up the development of new cars with higher performance, and at the same time made great efforts to enhance production capacity and improve quality. All these efforts finally yielded fruitful results, and Toyota won the deming Prize in 1965. In the same year, the Japanese government lifted the tariff barriers on imported cars, and since then, Toyota has started a real contest with foreign automobile manufacturers in terms of performance and price!
corolla, which was launched in p>1966, was favored by consumers as a family car, thus setting off a Volkswagen craze. Later, it was successfully exported to North America in 1968, which led to a sharp increase in sales. Today, Corolla has produced nearly 3 million vehicles, which is almost the largest selling car model in the world. Now, it is also produced in China.
against the background of great economic development, Japan's automobile market showed an unprecedented growth momentum. In 1967, the total domestic production reached 3 million vehicles, surpassing West Germany at that time and becoming the second largest automobile producer in the world. In this case, according to the forecast that the demand will further expand, Toyota has continuously increased its investment in new factories and equipment.
the rapid growth of Japan's automobile industry has stimulated the urgency of the American government and the three major American automobile giants to demand capital liberalization. In 1971 (Showa 46), the Japanese government abolished the government management of capital investment, and then several Japanese automobile manufacturers began to cooperate with the three major American automobile companies. However, Toyota is not willing to go with the flow. In any case, it will stick to its position as a domestic automobile manufacturer. On the one hand, it will strive to reduce production costs, on the other hand, it will accelerate the pace of building a production system with an annual output of 2 million vehicles.
at the end of p>197, Toyota introduced the small sports car celica, which had produced almost 4 million cars before it stopped production at the end of 24.
in p>1971, Toyota's annual output reached 2 million vehicles, making it the third largest automobile manufacturer in the world.
The oil crisis became an opportunity for Toyota's development
In p>1973, with the outbreak of the fourth Middle East War, the world economy encountered the first oil crisis. For Japan, whose oil resources are almost 1% dependent on imports, the whole economic activities have been greatly affected and immediately fell into great chaos. The hyperinflation in the early postwar period swept Japan again, and the demand for cars plummeted. In this situation, Toyota aimed at the limited resources and launched a campaign to save resources, save energy and reduce costs. Toyoda eiji, Toyoda's cousin, has always believed that cars are by no means a "luxury", but a real necessity for society. In the face of the pessimism that hangs over Japanese society, Toyota adheres to the word "forbearance" and is ready to meet the day when it will regain its glory.
The two oil crises in p>1973 and 1979 greatly changed the automobile demand structure in the United States. The focus of people's choice began to shift from large cars to small cars that save fuel, and American automobile manufacturers that lacked the production technology of small cars gradually lost their former competitive advantages. In order to get rid of the predicament, American automakers have repeatedly urged the government and parliament to impose restrictions on the import of Japanese cars as soon as possible. At the same time, they have repeatedly asked Japanese automakers to invest and build factories in the United States in order to compete with American automakers at the same starting point. With the intensification of trade friction between Japan and the United States, these opinions of American automakers have stirred up a backlash against Japanese cars in the US Congress and some public opinion. Japanese automakers headed by Toyota are also very worried that letting this situation continue will damage good Japan-US relations. In 1981, the agreement on independent restrictions on the export of cars to the United States came into effect. In order not to lose the American automobile market, but also for fear that American consumers who have a special love for small cars with superior fuel consumption will be limited in their choices, Japanese automobile manufacturers began to set up production bases in the United States as their new business topic. In this case, Toyota decided to cooperate with American General Motors Company in production, which can not only create some local employment opportunities, but also transfer the production technology of small cars to American automakers.
In p>1983, in order to compete with Honda's Accord cars in the North American market, Toyota introduced CAMRY, which has been out of control since then, and has almost become the most popular model of Toyota except Corolla. Today, it is the seventh generation. And the latest generation of Camry has been confirmed to be produced in China.