The production method of nitrogen fertilizer is introduced in detail as follows:
1. Chemical production method:
1. Urea production method: Urea is a compound containing 46 nitrogen. Widely used as a nitrogen fertilizer in industry, urea is catalytically synthesized from carbon dioxide and ammonia under high temperature and pressure. During the urea manufacturing process, attention needs to be paid to the reaction temperature, pressure and catalyst selection.
2. Ammonium nitrate production method: Ammonium nitrate is also one of the widely used nitrogen fertilizers. It contains 34 nitrogen elements. Ammonium nitrate is obtained by reacting ammonia and nitric acid. The production of ammonium nitrate requires attention to maintain the reaction. Ratio of substances, adjusting reaction temperature and controlling solution concentration, etc.
2. Biological production methods:
1. Microorganisms with nitrogen fixation: Some microorganisms can convert nitrogen in the atmosphere into ammonia, which is a form that plants can absorb. For example, nodules on the rhizosphere of peas, root bacteria and cyanobacteria on field weeds all have this nitrogen fixation effect. This method of nitrogen cycling is called biological nitrogen fixation.
2. Biological nitrogen fixation process: In the biological nitrogen fixation process, microorganisms convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and then into ammonium ions or nitrate nitrogen through the action of enzymes. Plants absorb these compounds through their roots and synthesize important biomolecules such as amino acids.
3. Introduction to nitrogen fertilizer:
1. Nitrogen fertilizer refers to a unit fertilizer with nitrogen as the main component and a designated amount of N. When applied to the soil, it can provide plant nitrogen nutrition. Nitrogen fertilizer is the most widely produced and used type of fertilizer in the world. Appropriate dosage of nitrogen fertilizer plays an important role in increasing crop yields and improving the quality of agricultural products.
2. Nitrogen fertilizers can be divided into ammonia nitrogen fertilizers, ammonium nitrogen fertilizers, nitrate nitrogen fertilizers, ammonium nitrate nitrogen fertilizers, cyanamide nitrogen fertilizers and amide nitrogen fertilizers according to nitrogen-containing groups. The main raw material for the production of chemical nitrogen fertilizers is synthetic ammonia. The Haber process device for generating synthetic ammonia was built in 1909 and was the first to be industrialized in Germany, becoming the basis of the nitrogen fertilizer industry. In the 1940s and 1950s, ammonium sulfate was the most important type of nitrogen fertilizer. Ammonium nitrate was added in the 1960s.