Unsaturated polyester resin products have a history of about 70 years. In such a short time, both the output and the technical level of unsaturated polyester resin products have developed rapidly. At present, unsaturated polyester resin products have developed into one of the largest varieties in thermosetting resin industry.
In the development of unsaturated polyester resin, technical information from product patents, business magazines, technical books and so on emerged one after another. Up to now, there are hundreds of invention patents about unsaturated polyester resin every year. It can be seen that the manufacturing and application technology of unsaturated polyester resin is becoming more and more mature with the development of production, and has gradually formed its own unique and complete theoretical and technical system of production and application.
In the past development process, unsaturated polyester resin has made a special contribution to GM. In the future, it will develop into some special-purpose fields and reduce the cost of general resin. Here are some meaningful and promising unsaturated polyester resins.
1) low shrinkage resin. This kind of resin may just be an old topic. Unsaturated polyester resin is accompanied by great shrinkage in the curing process, and the general volume shrinkage rate is 6- 10%. This shrinkage will cause serious deformation and even fracture of materials, especially in the molding process (SMC, BMC). In order to overcome this shortcoming, thermoplastic resin is usually used as a low shrinkage additive. The first patent in this field is 1934 of DuPont, with the patent number of U.S. 1 945,307. This patent describes the polymerization of dicarboxylic acids with vinyl compounds. Obviously, this patent pioneered the low shrinkage technology of polyester resin at that time. Since then, many people have devoted themselves to the research of * * * polymer system, which was considered as plastic alloy at that time. 1966 Kyle low-shrinkage resin was first used in molding and industrial production. Later, the Plastics Industry Association called this product "SMC", which means sheet molding compound, and its low shrinkage premix compound "BMC" means block molding compound. For SMC plates, it is generally required that the parts molded by resin have good matching tolerance, flexibility and A-grade luster. In order to avoid surface microcracks, it is required that the matching resin should have low shrinkage.
Of course, many patents have improved and perfected this technology, and the understanding of low shrinkage mechanism has gradually matured, and various low shrinkage agents or low shrinkage additives have appeared. Commonly used low shrinkage additives are polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate and so on.
2) Flame retardant resin. Sometimes flame retardant materials are as important as drug rescue, and flame retardant materials can avoid or reduce disasters. Due to the use of flame retardants in Europe in recent ten years, the number of fire deaths has dropped by about 20%. The safety of flame retardant materials is also very important. It is a slow and difficult process to standardize the use of materials in industry. At present, many halogen-based and phosphorus-based flame retardants have been and are being evaluated by the European Union, and many of them will be completed in 2004 -2006.
At present, in China, reactive flame-retardant resins are generally prepared from halogen compounds of dihydric alcohols or dibasic acids containing chlorine or bromine. Halogen flame retardant will produce a lot of smoke when burning, accompanied by the generation of highly irritating hydrogen halide. This kind of thick smoke and poisonous fog produced in the combustion process has caused great harm to people. According to statistics, more than 80% of deaths in fire accidents are caused by this. Another disadvantage of using bromine or chlorine as flame retardant is that corrosive and polluting gases will be produced when burning, which will cause damage to the original electrical appliances. Inorganic flame retardants, such as hydrated alumina, magnesium, boron, molybdenum compounds and other flame retardant additives, have obvious smoke suppression effect and can produce flame retardant resins with low smoke and low toxicity. However, if the amount of inorganic flame retardant filler is too large, not only the viscosity of the resin will increase, but also the mechanical strength and electrical properties of the resin after curing and molding will be affected.
At present, many foreign patents report the technology of producing low toxicity and low smoke flame retardant resin with phosphorus flame retardant. Phosphorus flame retardant has obvious flame retardant effect. Metaphosphoric acid produced during combustion can be polymerized into a stable poly-state, forming a protective layer, covering the surface of the combustion object, isolating oxygen, promoting dehydration and carbonization of the resin surface, forming a carbonized protective film, and preventing combustion. At the same time, phosphorus flame retardants can also be used in combination with halogen flame retardants, which has a very obvious synergistic effect.
Of course, the future research direction of flame retardant resin is low smoke, low toxicity and low cost. The ideal resin is smokeless, low-toxic, low-cost, does not affect the inherent physical properties of the resin, and can be directly produced in the resin factory without adding additional materials.
3) Toughening resin. Compared with the original unsaturated polyester resin, the toughness of the resin is greatly improved. However, with the development of the downstream industry of unsaturated polyester resin, more and more new requirements are put forward for the properties of unsaturated polyester resin, especially the toughness. Brittleness of unsaturated resin after curing has almost become an important problem limiting the development of unsaturated resin. The elongation at break has become an important index to evaluate the quality of resin products, whether from casting crafts or molding or winding products.
At present, some foreign manufacturers adopt the method of adding saturated resin to improve toughness. Such as adding saturated polyester, styrene-butadiene rubber and carboxyl-terminated styrene-butadiene rubber, this method belongs to physical toughening method. Block polymers, such as unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane resin, can also be introduced into the unsaturated polyester backbone, which greatly improves the tensile strength and impact strength of the resin. This toughening method belongs to chemical toughening method. The combination of physical toughening and chemical toughening, such as mixing unsaturated polyester with low activity, can achieve the required flexibility. At present, SMC board has been widely used in automobile industry because of its advantages of light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and flexible design. For important parts such as automobile fender, back door and outer panel, good toughness is required. For example, the fender of an automobile can bend backward and recover to its original state with a light touch.
Improving the toughness of resin often loses other properties of resin, such as hardness, bending strength, heat resistance and curing speed during construction. Improving the toughness of resin without losing other inherent properties of resin has become an important topic in the research and development of unsaturated polyester resin.
4) Low styrene volatile resin. During the processing of unsaturated polyester resin, volatile and toxic styrene will do great harm to the health of construction workers. At the same time, the discharge of styrene into the air will also cause serious air pollution. Therefore, the functional departments in many countries limit the allowable concentration of styrene in the air of production workshops. For example, in the United States, its allowable PEL value is 50ppm, while in Switzerland, its PEL value is 25ppm, so such a low content is not easy to achieve. Relying on strong ventilation is also limited. At the same time, strong ventilation will also lead to the loss of styrene from the product surface, and a large number of styrene will evaporate into the air. Therefore, to find ways to reduce the volatilization of styrene, fundamentally speaking, it is necessary to complete this work in the resin factory. It is necessary to develop low styrene volatilization (LSE) resin or unsaturated polyester resin without styrene monomer, which will not pollute the air or pollute the air less.
Reducing the content of volatile monomers is a subject of industrial development of unsaturated polyester resin abroad in recent years. At present, there are many methods: 1) adding low volatility inhibitors. 2) Unsaturated polyester resin formula without styrene monomer uses divinyl, vinyl methyl benzene and α-methylstyrene instead of vinyl monomer. 3) Unsaturated polyester resin formula with low styrene monomer uses the above monomers together with styrene monomer, such as diallyl phthalate, acrylic polymer and other high boiling point vinyl monomers and styrene monomers. 4) Another method to reduce the volatilization of styrene is to introduce other units such as dicyclopentadiene and its derivatives into the unsaturated polyester resin skeleton to achieve low viscosity.
In order to solve the problem of styrene volatilization, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the applicability of resin to existing molding methods such as surface spraying, laminating process and SMC molding process, the cost of raw materials for industrial production, the compatibility with resin system, the reactivity and viscosity of resin, and the mechanical properties of resin after molding. At present, there is no clear legislation to limit the volatilization of styrene in China, but with the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of people's awareness of their own health and environmental protection, it is only a matter of time for an unsaturated consumer country like us to formulate relevant legislation.
5) Corrosion resistant resin. One of the major uses of unsaturated polyester resin is its corrosion resistance to organic solvents, acids, alkalis, salts and other chemicals. At present, corrosion-resistant resins are divided into the following categories: 1) o-benzene, 2) m-benzene, 3) p-benzene, 4) bisphenol A, 5) vinyl ester, others such as xylene and halogen-containing compounds. After decades of continuous exploration by several generations of scientists, the corrosion and anti-corrosion mechanism of resin has been deeply studied.
Modification of resin by various methods, such as introducing a molecular skeleton which is difficult to resist corrosion into unsaturated polyester resin or forming an interpenetrating network structure with unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester and isocyanate, is very effective in improving the corrosion resistance of resin, and the resin made by mixing acid with resin can also achieve better corrosion resistance. Compared with epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin has great advantages of low cost and convenient processing, but its corrosion resistance, especially alkali resistance, is far less than that of epoxy resin. For a long time, especially in the case of serious corrosion, unsaturated polyester resin can not replace epoxy resin. At present, the rise of anti-corrosion floor is an opportunity and challenge for unsaturated polyester resin. Therefore, the development of special corrosion-resistant resin has broad prospects.
6) Gel coat resin. Gel coat plays an important role in composite materials. It not only plays a decorative role on the surface of FRP products, but also plays a role in wear resistance, aging resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. The development direction of gel coat resin is to develop gel coat resin with low styrene volatilization, good air drying and strong corrosion resistance. There is a great market for heat-resistant water-based gel coat in gel coat resin. If the FRP material is soaked in hot water for a long time, blisters will appear on the surface. At the same time, due to the gradual infiltration of water into the composite material, the surface bubbles will gradually expand, which will not only affect the appearance of the gel coat, but also gradually reduce the strength performance of the product. CookCompositesandPolymersCo Co., USA uses epoxy resin and glycidyl ether to make gel coat resin, which has low viscosity, excellent water resistance and solvent resistance. In addition, the company also used polyether polyol modified, epoxy resin terminated resin A (flexible resin) and dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) modified resin B (rigid resin) for compounding. These two resins have good water resistance, toughness and strength after compounding, and can be used as isolation layer resin between gel coat resin or gel coat resin and ordinary resin, which can effectively prevent water, solvents or other low-grade resins.
7) photocuring unsaturated polyester resin. The photocuring characteristics of unsaturated polyester resin are long service life and fast curing speed. Unsaturated polyester resin can meet the requirements of light curing to limit styrene volatilization. Due to the progress of photosensitizer and lighting equipment, the foundation has been laid for the development of photocurable resin. Various UV-curable unsaturated polyester resins have been successfully developed and put into mass production. By adopting this process, the material properties, process properties and surface wear resistance have been improved, and the production efficiency has also been improved.
8) Low-priced resin with special properties. This kind of resin includes foamed resin and water-containing resin-at present, the shortage of wood energy is on the rise in the world. Skilled operators engaged in wood processing industry are also scarce, and their wages are getting higher and higher. This condition creates conditions for engineering plastics to enter the wood market. Unsaturated foam resin and water-containing resin, as artificial wood, will be developed in furniture industry with their low cost and high strength. The application will be slow at first, and with the continuous improvement of processing technology, this application will certainly develop rapidly.
Unsaturated polyester resin can be foamed into foam resin, which can be used as wallboard, prefabricated bathroom partition and so on. The toughness and strength of foamed plastics based on unsaturated polyester resin are better than PS foamed plastics. Processing is easier than foamed PVC; The cost is lower than that of polyurethane foam, and the addition of flame retardant can also make it flame retardant and aging resistant. Although the application technology of resin has been fully developed, the application of foamed unsaturated polyester resin in furniture has not been taken seriously. After investigation, some resin manufacturers are very interested in developing this new material. Some main problems (crust, honeycomb structure, time relationship between gelation and foaming, control of exothermic curve) have not been completely solved before industrial production. Until the answer is obtained, this kind of resin can only be used in the furniture industry because of its low cost. Once these problems are solved, this resin will be widely used in foam flame retardant materials and other fields, not just using its economy.
Water-containing unsaturated polyester resin can be divided into water-soluble type and emulsion type. As early as 1960s, there were patents and literature reports in this field abroad. Water-containing resin is an unsaturated polyester resin, which is filled with water before the resin gel, and the highest water content can reach 50%. This resin is called WEP resin. The resin has the characteristics of low cost, light weight after curing, good flame retardancy and low shrinkage. The development and research of water-containing resin in China began in 1980s, and it has been used as an anchoring agent for a long time. Water-containing unsaturated polyester resin is a new kind of unsaturated polyester resin. The technology in the laboratory is becoming more and more mature, but there is little research on its application. The problems that need to be further solved are the stability of emulsion, some problems in curing process and customer recognition. Generally, 10,000 tons of unsaturated polyester resin can produce about 600 tons of wastewater every year. If the shrinkage recovery produced in the production of unsaturated polyester resin is used to produce water-containing resin, the resin cost will be reduced and the environmental protection problem in production will be solved.
9) High-performance resin synthesized by new raw materials and new technology. Unsaturated polyester resin modified by dicyclopentadiene is a resin variety that has developed rapidly in China in recent years. According to the test data provided by Jiangsu yabang Coating Company and Tianjin Cai He Co., Ltd., the technical indexes of the cast of DCPD modified resin and the performance of FRP are equivalent to those of ordinary o-phenylenediamine. At present, dicyclopentadiene resin is quickly accepted by the market for its low price and good performance. Enterprises have developed such products, and the product technology has gradually matured. Among them, the "synthesis of dicyclopentadiene unsaturated polyester resin by low temperature catalysis" developed by Tianjin Cai He Resin Co., Ltd. passed the appraisal of scientific and technological achievements of Tianjin Science and Technology Commission in 2004 and won the second prize of Tianjin Excellent Project in 2005.
Using recycled waste polyethylene terephthalate (PEF) or recycled waste terephthalic acid (PTA) to produce unsaturated polyester resin not only solves the environmental protection problem, but also reduces the cost of synthesizing high-performance resin. The synthesized resin has excellent toughness, elasticity and strength, and some properties are even better than those prepared from isophthalic acid, and the cost is equivalent to that of phthalic acid resin. Because p-benzene resin is superior to o-benzene resin and m-benzene resin in corrosion resistance and heat resistance, it also greatly expands the application of this resin in the field of chemical corrosion protection. The 199A resin produced by Tianjin Synthetic Materials Factory (Tianjin Cai He Resin Co., Ltd.) won the Tianjin Science and Technology Progress Award. BMC resin for manhole covers in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and winding resin in Guangdong province have partially used waste p-benzene resin. There is a big market in the production area of waste terephthalic resin, which is located in Wenzhou, Fuyang, Wujin, Quanzhou, Panyu and other places. In order to comprehensively utilize PTA waste from Xiamen Luxiang Petrochemical Company, Xiamen Huida Chemical Co., Ltd. is expanding its resin production capacity to over 654.38 million tons. With the development policy of "circular economy" put forward by the state, the production of these two resins will be accelerated.
In recent years, some patents reported that the combination of dicyclopentadiene and waste PET as raw materials for the production of unsaturated polyester resin can produce complementary advantages. It not only solves the shortcomings of poor compatibility between PET resin and styrene, but also solves the shortcomings of poor toughness of dicyclopentadiene modified resin, and can further reduce the resin cost.
2- methyl 1, 3- propanediol (MPD) is a common variety in the market in recent years. It has a high boiling point and two hydroxyl groups, which can be condensed rapidly. The resin prepared from it has high reactivity, excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. It can be used with terephthalic acid to complement each other, and the prepared resin can be used in strong corrosive environments such as FRP tanks and tanks.
Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) is used as the raw material of synthetic resin. GMA contains an active epoxy group, which can react with carboxyl group in polyester chain to end-cap. This resin produces methacryloyl component at the end group of molecular chain, which can be polymerized with styrene monomer. The middle of the molecular chain is a flexible link, which can make the cured resin have good toughness and resilience.
10) is used for the development of unsaturated polyester resin accessories. Accessories related to unsaturated polyester resin include: various catalysts, dispersants, defoamers, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, accelerators, curing agents, color pastes, gel coats, mold release agents, additives and other materials. The development of various auxiliary materials in China has been relatively perfect, especially the development of composite accelerators, which provides good conditions for the rapid curing of resins. At present, the quality of domestic accelerators has been greatly improved, and the curing speed and the influence on product color after curing are better than those of imported materials. However, the quality of domestic vulcanizing agents (mainly methyl ethyl ketone peroxide) has declined, and vulcanizing agents have some shortcomings, such as low molecular weight, high water content and so on. Explosions occur from time to time in vulcanizing agent production enterprises, mainly because the domestic vulcanizing agent production technology is not up to standard and needs to be further consolidated and improved. As for other auxiliary materials, advanced additives (such as dispersants, defoamers, antioxidants, etc. ) is still mainly imported, and there are few domestic manufacturers specializing in the research and production of unsaturated polyester resin, which shows that there is still a big gap in the technology of unsaturated accessories in China.
In short, a material with low cost will definitely find its use and value in industry; When a material has the performance to meet the market demand, it will have vitality, and some technical problems in the manufacturing process of these materials will eventually be overcome. It's simple. For example, if we can make a flame retardant resin with a common price, we will see that all resin materials on the market will be flame retardant.
Epoxy resin refers to an organic polymer compound containing two or more epoxy groups in its molecule, and its molecular structure is characterized by containing active epoxy groups in its molecular chain. This makes them cross-link with various curing agents to form insoluble and insoluble polymers with three-dimensional network structure, thus becoming the most widely used resin system in advanced composite materials, which can be used to prepare different formulations in various molding processes and has a wide range of viscosity adjustment; So as to adapt to different production processes. In recent years, toughening technologies such as rubber elastomer toughening, resin alloying modification and epoxy resin toughening modification have become more and more mature, and epoxy resin has been better and more widely used. At present, epoxy resin occupies a dominant position in the high-performance composite market, so it is of great significance to study the epoxy resin market.
According to the latest statistics, in 2005, the output of epoxy resin in China was 440,000 tons, the import volume was 250,000 tons, the export volume was 60,000 tons, and the total consumption was 630,000 tons. The output continued to increase substantially, the import volume further decreased in the total consumption, and the consumption tended to be stable and reasonable.
Looking at the international epoxy resin market in recent years, the world's epoxy resin production capacity is 654.38+ 0.38 million tons in 1996, 654.38+0.35 million tons in 1996, 654.38+0.38 million tons in 1999 and 0.59 million tons in 2002 respectively. Especially, the M&A and investment construction of epoxy resin companies in Europe, America and Japan are more active. After a series of reorganization and integration of international predators, the top three epoxy resin industries in the world took turns, from Shell, Dow and Ciba-Gekki at the end of the 20th century to Hessen, Dow and South Asia. The production capacity of the new top three in the market has reached 380,000 tons/year, 360,000 tons/year and 300,000 tons/year respectively! Hexin, Dow and South Asia Top Three all have production bases in China at present. In terms of quantity, China has become the largest producer and important consumer of epoxy resin in the world, but in terms of consumption structure and individual enterprises, domestic enterprises as economic organizations need to be bigger and stronger.
I. Industrial History The epoxy resin industry in China started at 1958. However, due to the constraints of the planned economy and the influence of the Cultural Revolution, the development speed of China is obviously slower than that of foreign countries. In the 1980s, the situation improved, with an annual growth rate of about 7%. However, from the total amount, the annual planned consumption of epoxy resin is always below 1 10,000 tons. In the early 1990s, China's economic development gradually integrated with the international market and economy. There are many foreign-funded enterprises and Sino-foreign joint ventures in the epoxy resin industry. With the entry of a large number of township enterprises and private enterprises, China's epoxy resin production enterprises have mushroomed, expanding from dozens to nearly 200 at once, and various economic sectors compete with each other and develop together. However, at that time, the scale of a single set of devices was below 5000 tons/year, which was far from foreign countries and technically.
After the vigorous development in 1990s, the epoxy resin industry in China entered another development period. 1998 The consumption of epoxy resin reached120,000 tons. The introduction of technology has played an important role in this process, which has greatly improved the production of epoxy resin in China from the technical level to the production scale, and the epoxy resin they produced has been able to compete with importers. During this development period, China's epoxy resin industry showed a pattern of agglomeration development, and leading enterprises gave full play to the role of radiation driving the whole industry, forming the core industrial belt of China's epoxy resin; Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province has sprung up suddenly. They developed solid resin for powder coatings in a unique way, and by virtue of their professional advantages, they formed a joint production base of epoxy resin and epoxy resin powder coatings. South China has become the highland of epoxy resin application in China. By virtue of its geographical advantages adjacent to the port, the region has vigorously developed the electronic industry and promoted the application of epoxy resin in the electronic field, which is an important driving force for the electronic field to become one of the main consumption directions of epoxy resin in China.
2 1 century, the industries related to epoxy resin, such as electronics and electricity, transportation, petrochemical industry and construction engineering, developed rapidly, and the demand for epoxy resin in economic construction increased sharply. In this "development" background, China epoxy resin ushered in a golden stage of development. The average growth of production and consumption reached about 30%, much higher than the global growth level of 3% in the same period, which became the main driving force for the global epoxy resin growth. The main development features are as follows.
Second, the industrial characteristics
First, it is promoted by foreign capital. American-funded and Taiwan-funded enterprises have set up factories in Chinese mainland. These foreign-funded factories have a considerable production scale, accounting for almost half of Chinese mainland's current epoxy resin production capacity. At the same time, the technology adopted is the most advanced in the world, which not only greatly improves the production capacity of China's epoxy resin industry, but also makes a leap in technical quality, especially the stimulation of foreign "leading" technology to China, prompting the original domestic epoxy resin enterprises to make great efforts to innovate, thus realizing a good overall driving strategy.
Second, through the structural adjustment within the industry, the industrial chain and the regional economy have developed and improved simultaneously, and quality of enterprise has improved qualitatively. Scale has become the biggest feature of domestic epoxy resin enterprises. At present, the number of enterprises has been adjusted from more than 200 at the peak to about 100. The production scale of enterprises has been greatly improved, and the technical level has also been rapidly improved. Moreover, its development is no longer isolated, but has the ability to drive or echo the simultaneous improvement of the entire industrial chain. The agglomeration effect is worthy of full affirmation, pushing the level of epoxy resin industry in China to a new height.
Third, the ability of technological innovation has been greatly improved, and the technical level has entered the world's more advanced ranks. In today's competition of epoxy resin industry, besides talents, management, funds and other factors, it is more important to compare technologies. At present, with the diversification of capital structure, China epoxy resin industry has also become a competitive stage for various advanced technologies at home and abroad. In this arena that determines the success or failure of competition, local enterprises in China rely on independent intellectual property rights, and at the same time, constantly promote technological progress and gradually develop and grow in the competition.
Fourth, the whole industry presents an obvious pattern of division of labor. Whether at home or abroad, large enterprises with a production capacity of about 20,000 tons/year are mainly based on bulk basic resins. Without scale and advantages in these fields, it is difficult for small enterprises to make a difference; Some traditional factories of domestic enterprises are also the centers of new product research and development, constantly cultivating new varieties and forming new bulk varieties; In Huangshan, an important town of powder coatings, the single advantage is obvious, and the products are exported in large quantities; Specialized and special products and technologies have blossomed in an all-round way, and some small enterprises have attracted the attention of the industry.
Fifth, the application field of epoxy resin has been rapidly opened. The strength and depth of application are the basis of product production scale. The material manufacturing industry provides advanced materials for the application industry to meet the requirements of producing better products, and the application industry in turn requires the material manufacturing industry to provide more advanced materials to promote its continuous development. Many of these products that used to rely on imports have been partially or completely replaced in China.
Sixth, information construction is progressing rapidly, which complements the development of industrial modernization. Informatization promotes industrialization, and industrialization drives modernization, which has become a true portrayal of this industry. Most advanced enterprises in this industry are strongly supported by information technology. Through comprehensive information construction such as ERP system, the goal of high efficiency in process and consumption reduction in application can be realized.
Third, the application analysis
At present, the main application fields of epoxy resin in China are electronic information, among which the output of color TV, stereo and telephone ranks first in the world. At present, we are focusing on emerging markets in the fields of information appliances, mobile computing, digital TV, wireless local area network and automotive electronics. The main applications of epoxy resin in these fields are copper clad laminate, plastic packaging material, castable, packaging material, patch adhesive, mold adhesive and so on. Transportation equipment, adhesives and composite materials such as epoxy electrophoretic coatings, heavy-duty anti-corrosion coatings, mold adhesives and tool adhesives are widely used in transportation equipment manufacturing; In the energy industry, the application of epoxy resin in this industry is mainly as insulating material, and the main application forms are laminated board, castable, plastic packaging material, insulating paint and adhesive; The rapid development of automobile manufacturing and automobile industry will greatly promote the production of epoxy resin. At present, each car consumes an average of 5 kilograms of epoxy resin. With the rapid development of automobile industry in China, epoxy resin has great potential in this field, driven by domestic demand. In the construction and water conservancy industries, the application forms of epoxy resin in this field mainly include flooring, anti-corrosion coatings, other architectural coatings, composite concrete, epoxy asphalt, building reinforcement and plugging materials, and dam anti-corrosion materials. The application of epoxy resin in petroleum and petrochemical industry takes anticorrosion as the core, and the main application forms are anticorrosion materials for offshore oil platforms, oil tanks and oil pipelines. The consumption of epoxy resin is highly positively correlated with economic development. The more developed the economy and the higher the living standard, the higher the consumption of epoxy resin. At present, the per capita consumption of epoxy resin in developed countries is about 1kg/ year. However, in 2000, the per capita consumption of epoxy resin in China was only 0. 1 kg, and in 2005, it reached 0.3 kg, an increase of 2 times. Due to China's huge population base, the expansion of industry scale in the next few years is still very considerable.
The rapid growth of China's demand for epoxy resin has aroused great concern in the international industry. Almost all multinational companies of epoxy resin have invested or will soon build large-scale production facilities in China, and domestic enterprises are also building and expanding epoxy resin facilities. According to the publicly disclosed information, the proposed new epoxy resin production capacity is about 550,000 tons/ton, and the existing production capacity is 400,000 tons/ton. It is estimated that around 2065.438+00, China's epoxy resin production capacity will reach 6.5438+0.3 million tons/ton, which is close to half of the world's total, making it a big epoxy resin country in the world. China epoxy resin industry is entering a new critical development period.
Four. Market suggestion
However, there are still many problems to be solved in how China's epoxy resin industry can realize its dream of becoming a big country and become a strong country. First of all, we should take the road of specialization and characteristics. China's epoxy resin market is large, the domestic epoxy resin market share is rising and gradually taking advantage, and at the same time, it has begun to enter the international market, with gratifying results; However, in order to further expand its advantages, we should proceed from the characteristics of a large number of epoxy resin markets, rapid upgrading of users' products and rapid technological progress, vigorously develop special or special epoxy resins according to the development characteristics of application industries, learn from Huangshan's industrial structure, and strive for the single advantage of small and medium-sized enterprises specializing in special markets.
Secondly, actively aim at foreign high-end products to tackle key problems and realize substitution as soon as possible. Domestic demand exceeds supply, and the price of imported epoxy resin products is quite high, even ridiculously high. The development of these products is difficult and costly, and some of them are not in great demand at present, but we must not give up development. Conditional factories should actively organize development. On the one hand, it can reduce the high cost for downstream industries, on the other hand, it can win the future market for itself.
Third, develop green products and realize clean production. The treatment of epoxy resin wastewater is a big problem in epoxy resin industry, which is mainly due to the fact that epoxy resin wastewater contains a large number of aging resins and high concentration of alkali salts, so it is difficult to adopt traditional wastewater treatment methods. Especially in electrical, electronic and building materials, there is a great demand for environmental protection products. At present, the extensive use of non-environmental brominated epoxy resin for copper clad laminate and flame retardant electrical castable has been restricted, so it is necessary to take immediate action to develop halogen-free flame retardant epoxy resin. Environmental-friendly water-soluble epoxy resin, solvent-free epoxy resin and high-solid epoxy resin are still in a state of low output and few varieties, and their development should be vigorously promoted.
Finally, we should speed up the development of raw and auxiliary materials. At present, the production of bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin and curing agent in China lags far behind the research of epoxy resin for epoxy photocurable coatings.
You compare it. In fact, no matter which industry, as long as you study it, you will find that it is a drop in the ocean and there is a lot of room for development. I study epoxy resin.