one of the regulations is particularly striking: the pre-subsidy price of new energy passenger cars that enjoy policy subsidies from 22 must be less than 3, yuan, but vehicles that support power exchange are not subject to this regulation. Therefore, the power exchange mode, which has always been defined as "non-mainstream", was affirmed at the policy level for the first time and returned to the center of the whirlpool of public opinion.
Low charging efficiency and long time consumption are the main factors that hinder consumers from buying electric vehicles at present. How to solve the charging anxiety is a big problem that needs to be faced in promoting electric vehicles at present. As the only way to replenish energy that can be equivalent to the efficiency of gas stations, the power exchange mode was actually put forward long ago and has been developing in parallel with the charging mode.
The originator of the power exchange mode is Better Place Company, which tried to change power stations in Israel as early as 13 years ago. However, because Better Place overestimated users' enthusiasm for electric vehicles, did not have a certain number of vehicles, and had little ability to control costs and expand new business, Better Place finally went bankrupt in 213.
after the bankruptcy of p>Better Place, Tesla also released the power exchange technology. But at that time, Musk said: "The reason why the power exchange business will be launched is to see if everyone will choose this method. In fact, we prefer super charging piles." Because the cost is too high and the charge for changing electricity is not cheap, consumers are unwilling to pay for this expensive and troublesome service, which also leads Tesla to give up the plan for changing electricity soon.
For the domestic market, Lifan Automobile was the first to carry out the power exchange business, but at present, Weilai Automobile and Beiqi New Energy are the ones with relatively comprehensive system scale development.
Since the brand was founded in 214, Weilai Automobile has established the most mature and "money-burning" power exchange network in China. As the top priority of NIO Power‘'s' rechargeable, replaceable and upgradeable' intelligent energy replenishment service system, Weilai's' battery replacement' system can not only improve the energy replenishment efficiency, but also eliminate consumers' worries about the depreciation of electric vehicles due to battery performance degradation, which will help improve the valuation of used cars.
at present, weilai has more than 1,2 patented technologies related to power exchange, participated in the formulation and revision of 17 industry standards for power exchange, and has landed 125 power exchange stations in China, covering 53 cities, with a cumulative power exchange of more than 4, times. Among them, since the opening of free power exchange, the cumulative number of power exchange by scanning code has exceeded 3,, and the penetration rate of power exchange has reached 48.1%.
In p>22, Weilai will also promote the progress of new power stations, optimize the layout of power stations nationwide, and realize the permanent and flexible upgrade of 7-84-1-degree batteries. And after the upgrade, Weilai Power Station will also cancel the vehicle lifting mechanism, and the maximum power exchange efficiency can reach more than 7 vehicles a day, which can meet the power exchange needs of more users in the future.
Different from Weilai route, the power exchange mode of Beiqi New Energy is mainly used in the taxi field. ? In 21, BAIC New Energy cooperated with Better Place to carry out the pre-research of power exchange technology. After developing the core technology of power exchange and passing the safety test of 5, kilometers of 5 real vehicles, it started commercial operation in February 216.
In p>217, the "Optimus Prime Plan" was released, and efforts were made to connect with the power and energy industry; On July 5, 218, the business model of separation of vehicle and electricity value was launched, which was the first to be promoted and operated in Beijing. By the end of 219, BAIC New Energy had operated 16, electric taxis in 15 cities across the country, with a total of 187 stations.
and after the introduction of the new subsidy policy, the official of BAIC New Energy said: Based on the policy support for operating vehicles and the mode of changing electricity, BAIC New Energy will comprehensively promote the fields of "changing taxis for electricity" and "changing cars for power grids". It is estimated that about 3 power changing stations will be built throughout the year, and more than 3, vehicles for changing electricity will be promoted.
in addition, under the guidance of policies, more and more car companies have begun to lay out the mode of battery replacement. For example, SAIC Roewe will carry a brand-new battery architecture for battery replacement in its R-label models.
it is not difficult to understand that the main advantages of "changing power" are: shortening the charging time of electric vehicles and solving the endurance anxiety of long-distance driving of electric vehicles. If the "battery changing mode" is widely spread out, the battery can be changed in five minutes, which is no more troublesome than the oil car. This will completely solve the problem of long waiting time for charging, and how many kilometers the battery life can reach in the future is no longer anxiety.
Secondly, because of the battery replacement mode, the battery pack can be iterated, the year when the battery is eliminated is constantly delayed, and the power system of gasoline vehicles is constantly aging, while the battery technology of pure electric vehicles with replaceable batteries is constantly updated. Pure electric vehicles even live longer than gasoline vehicles, which can greatly improve the preservation rate of electric vehicles.
However, the disadvantages of the power exchange mode are also obvious, such as the high cost of building stations, the difficulty in unifying battery specifications, etc., each of which can limit the development of the power exchange industry. Therefore, at present, the power exchange mode will not become the mainstream energy supply mode, but it can only play the role of auxiliary energy supply.
is there a future for the power exchange mode? This problem is actually very easy to explain. As long as it is simply analogized, it can be found that early mobile phones and notebooks were designed with replaceable batteries. But now? The vast majority of mobile phones and notebooks no longer allow users to easily replace batteries, because when the battery life and charging efficiency are high enough, changing electricity will become less necessary.
The "battery-changing mode" is actually nothing new, and "charging" and "battery-changing" have already gone through a long struggle in the field of electric vehicles. At this stage, the reason why the state encourages the power exchange mode is not only because Weilai Automobile is indeed one of the few independent new energy vehicle companies with real materials in China, and the state wants to encourage it; The deeper reason is that the country wants to encourage everyone to enter the field of power exchange, so as to fundamentally alleviate or solve the actual scenes such as the difficulty in charging new energy vehicles and improve the security of the national energy structure.
This article comes from the author of Chejia, car home, and does not represent car home's standpoint.