Development course of escort ship

This escort ship is an early combat ship. China navy was equipped with gunboats in the late Qing Dynasty. In the First World War, in order to deal with German submarines and protect the safety of their ports, anchorages and merchant fleets, Britain and the United States successively developed patrol boats and built more than 1000 ships. These patrol boats have wooden hulls with a displacement of 42 ~ 75 tons and a speed of 17 ~ 19 knots. Equipped with 1 ~ 2 naval guns of 20 ~ 37 mm, several machine guns and 6 ~ 8 depth charges. Other navies have built similar patrol boats. During the Second World War, the escort ship had a displacement of 25 ~ 100 tons, a speed of 25 knots, 1 ~ 2 naval guns, 20 ~ 57 mm weapons, quite a few machine guns and 30 deep-water bombs. After the war, many countries, especially the third world countries, continued to build escort boats, and the ship type, hull structure, power plant, weapons and electronic equipment were improved.

American "flagpole" hydrofoil gunboat, with a full displacement of 568 tons, adopts a fully immersed hydrofoil, which is controlled by autopilot and can be retracted. When the wing is flying, a 2647 kW (3600 HP) 1 gas turbine is used to drive the pitch-adjusted propeller with right-angle transmission, and the maximum speed is 5 1 knot; During the drainage navigation, two diesel engines are used to drive the water jet pump to spray water, and the cruising speed is greater than 7 knots. When the wing sails for 40 knots, the endurance is 560 nautical miles. There are140mm naval guns, 1 8 1 recoilless guns and two 20mm double-barrel naval guns. It can sail in 4 ~ 5 sea conditions and use weapons in 4 sea conditions. This class of boat has good seaworthiness, but the cost is high and the technology is complicated.

Turkey's "Sal 33" high-speed patrol boat has a full displacement of 170 tons, and uses three diesel engines, with a total power of 8824 kW (12000 HP), a maximum speed of 40 knots and a continuous speed of 37 knots. This type of boat is a multi-purpose boat, which can be equipped as a gunboat or a missile escort boat according to the mission requirements. Adopt deep V ship type, which has good seaworthiness.

French PR72 class escort boat can be equipped into gunboats as required, which is called M-type; Or equipped as a missile escort boat, called P-type. The M-type gunboat has 1 single-tube 76mm gun, 65438 double-tube 40mm gun and two 20mm automatic guns. P-type missile escort boat is equipped with four "flying fish" ship-to-ship missile launchers in addition to all kinds of gunboats, and the guns and missiles adopt an integrated weapon control system. The ship type is round bilge. The main engine adopts four high-speed diesel engines to drive four adjustable pitch propellers, or adopts a combined power plant of two diesel engines and 1 gas turbine, and the maximum speed can reach 38.5 knots. 16 knots, the endurance can reach 2500 nautical miles. Equipped with a full set of high frequency, VHF, UHF communication equipment and navigation radar.

China developed "53A" and "55A" patrol boats in 1950s. In the early 1960s, the "62" type escort boat was developed. Its improved normal displacement 1.35 tons, maximum speed of 28 knots and endurance of 750 nautical miles. Equipped with two double-tube 37mm naval guns and two double-tube 25mm naval guns. A missile escort boat was built in the 1980s, with a full displacement of 430-520 tons and a maximum speed of 32 knots. Equipped with 4 ~ 6 ship-to-ship missiles, 2 double-tube 37mm naval guns and 2 double-tube 14.5mm machine guns. In peacetime, the Chinese People's Liberation Army naval escort fleet has played an important role in breaking through the enemy blockade, recovering occupied islands, safeguarding the security of coastal waters, and carrying out patrol alert tasks. It has achieved remarkable results in many naval battles such as the Battle of Wanshan Islands, the "August 6th" naval battle, and the naval battle to the east of Chongwu.