On September 26th, 2006, the EAST superconducting tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device invested by the National Development and Reform Commission successfully obtained a high-temperature plasma discharge with a current of more than 200 kA and a time of nearly 3 seconds in the first day of physical discharge experiment, marking the first time that the world's first fully superconducting non-circular cross-section tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device was built and put into operation in China.
2. New progress in experimental and theoretical research on controllability of nano-quantum structures.
In the past few years, the research group of the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has exerted international influence on the basic issues of nano-electronic devices, such as the exploration of nano-structures, the law of assembly, and the physical properties of unit devices. In 2006, a series of important progress was made, and systematic work was gradually formed.
3. Draw the distribution map of cosmic rays in the sky, and find that the distribution of cosmic rays is anisotropic and the motion law of cosmic rays.
65438+ In the issue of Science on October 20th, 2006/KLOC-0, based on the systematic analysis of the experimental data of nearly 40 billion observation cases accumulated in recent nine years, Chinese and Japanese physicists jointly published the latest achievements on the anisotropy of high-energy cosmic rays and the rotation of cosmic ray plasma around the center of the Milky Way with interstellar gas substances and stars.
4. A major breakthrough has been made in the technical development and industrial test of methanol to low-carbon olefins.
The industrial pilot project of "Technical Development of Methanol to Low-carbon Olefin (DMTO)", which was jointly organized by Dalian Institute of Chemistry of China Academy of Sciences, Shaanxi Xinxing Coal Chemical Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Company of China Petrochemical Group, made a major breakthrough. The methanol conversion rate of nearly 100%, ethylene selectivity of 40. 1%, propylene selectivity of 39.0% and low-carbon olefin (DMTO) were achieved in an industrial pilot plant with a daily output of 50 tons of methanol. The successful operation of this experimental plant has important economic and strategic significance for China to comprehensively utilize energy and expand the diversification of low-carbon olefin raw materials.
5. Godson 2E Universal 64-bit Processor
Godson 2E universal 64-bit processor is the highest-performance general-purpose processor in the world except the US and Japan, and it is also the first processor in Chinese mainland that adopts 90 nm design technology. The Loongson 2E processor developed by Institute of Computer Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences has the highest frequency of 1.0GHz, and the measured performance is higher than that of Pentium IV processor 1.5GHz. It has the characteristics of low cost, low power consumption, high performance and high security. The power consumption of Loongson 2E processor is between 3 watts and 8 watts under different working conditions. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, Loongson processor will make greater contribution to the informatization of China.
6. Non-contact monitoring technology and equipment system of laser-induced fluorescence for water pollution
Water is an indispensable and important resource in human production and life activities. Rivers, lakes, reservoirs and offshore waters in China are generally polluted to varying degrees, and the water pollution is getting worse year by year. Anhui Institute of Optics and Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences uses laser-induced fluorescence monitoring technology to realize remote sensing of water pollution. The system integrates optical remote sensing technology, spectroscopy, analytical chemistry, electronic technology and computer technology, and realizes online remote sensing of multi-component organic matter in water by laser-induced fluorescence spectrometry, which develops and improves the technical level of online remote sensing of water pollution in China.
7. Scientists in China have discovered a new pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Harmo's disease.
On June 5438+065438+1October 19, 2006, the online edition of the internationally renowned academic journal Nature Medicine published the latest research results of the research group of the Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Life Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences on the new mechanism of amyloid β protein. This result reveals the new pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Harmo's disease, and suggests that β2 adrenoceptor may become a new target for developing drugs to treat Alzheimer's Harmo's disease.
8. China has made a breakthrough in the research of new antidiabetic drugs.
In 2006, scientists from Shanghai Institute of Pharmacology, China Academy of Sciences made important progress in the field of non-peptide small molecule glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, and the related results were published in the online edition of the international authoritative scientific journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) in the first week of 2007 1 month. In a written press release to the media, the editorial department of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences pointed out that this oral effective non-peptide small molecule agonist may become a new treatment for diabetes, obesity and other related metabolic diseases.
9. Reveal the mystery of Drosophila memory and explore the neurobiological basis of memory.
The latest research results of the research group of Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences on Drosophila revealed that there is no universal memory center in the brain of Drosophila, but different sensory memories are stored in different regions. Just as humans can remember different parameters such as the height, size and color of images, the image memory of Drosophila also has different parameters. By studying the memory genes of Drosophila melanogaster, it can be further applied to mice, mammals and even humans, thus solving mental diseases such as insomnia and Alzheimer's disease.
10. terminal control technology and application of drinking water quality safety risk
In order to evaluate the water quality in time and deal with emergencies, the Center for Ecological Environment Research of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry of China Academy of Sciences jointly developed the biological online monitoring and early warning technology suitable for terminal water quality monitoring, established and improved the biotoxicity detection method, and formed a set of water quality evaluation technology system suitable for molecular and cellular level. The key technologies of research and development have independent intellectual property rights, * * * has produced 22 invention patents and published 6 1 paper, of which 23 papers have been included in SCI.