Daily necessities, with a shell made of bamboo sticks, iron sheets, plastics, etc. outside, and a bottle filled with gall bladder. The bottle liner is made of double-layer glass. Both sides of the interlayer are plated with silver and other metals, and the middle is evacuated. The bottle mouth has a plug, which can keep the temperature in the bottle for a long time. Hot water is usually called thermos bottle; Cold food is usually called an ice bottle.
scientific invention of thermos James Dewar of Scotland
The concept of thermos is simple: the bottle has an inner wall and an outer wall; There is a vacuum between the two walls, and there is nothing (there is not even air inside). Heat cannot be transferred through a vacuum, so any liquid poured into a bottle can keep its original temperature for a long time.
This is why thermos can keep drinks warm in winter and cool in summer. Many people who have traveled many times find it hard to imagine what it would be like without a thermos.
But the thermos was not invented until 1892, although its inventor didn't realize how useful it would be. The inventor was Scottish scientist James Dewar.
Liquid oxygen was produced at a low temperature of -24 degrees Celsius. In order to preserve this liquid oxygen, Dewar designed a bottle in which heat could not be transferred in and out. The thermos bottle we use now evolved from this kind of "Dewar bottle". Dewar's thermos bottle was designed according to heat transfer: First, it was made of two layers of glass bottles, and vacuum was drawn in the middle of the bottle to isolate air from heat. Second, the bottle wall is coated with mercury, which can reflect the heat radiation back into the bottle just like a mirror reflects light; Third, the bottle mouth is covered with a cork to prevent heat from slipping out of the bottle mouth. If it is used to hold boiling water, it will become a thermos bottle.
However, it is German glass manufacturer Reinhold Berg who realizes that thermos bottles will be useful in various situations. In 193, he patented the thermos bottle and made a plan to put it on the market.
Berg even held a contest to name his thermos. The winning name he chose was "Thermos" (thermos bottle), which is the Greek word for heat.
Berg's products were very successful, and he soon shipped thermos bottles all over the world.
thermos bottles often serve scientific purposes, for example, when liquids need to be kept at a constant temperature. Vaccinia, serum and other liquids are often transported in thermos bottles.