News refers to a style of writing often used by newspapers, radio stations, and television stations to record society, disseminate information, and reflect the times. There are many types of them, here we only introduce the most frequently used messages and communications. \x0d\ \x0d\ News, also called news. The concept of news can be divided into narrow sense and broad sense. In a narrow sense, it refers to news alone; in a broad sense, it refers to news, communications, reportage, features, reviews, etc. The news uses a summary narrative and relatively concise text to quickly and timely report the latest and valuable facts at home and abroad that are of greatest concern to the masses. \x0d\ \x0d\ 1. Message characteristics: \x0d\ \x0d\ The content is true and the facts are accurate. Truth is the life of the message, where the power lies. Fact is its origin and its basis for convincingness. Truth means the facts are true. The characters, time, place, and the development process of the things written cannot be fictitious. Accuracy means that every fact, including details, is correct. If a piece of news is distorted or contains errors, it will not only reduce its news value and break the trust of the people, but also damage the cause of the party and the people. \x0d\ \x0d\ The content is fresh and valuable. News is valuable in that it is new and has the significance of understanding, enlightenment and guidance. Only when news is new can it attract readers' attention and give them a sneak peek. Being new means not only reporting new people, new events, and new experiences to readers. And we should choose things that are meaningful, valuable, inspiring and instructive. We do not accept the view that "it is not news when a dog bites a man, but it is news when a man bites a dog" that blindly pursues curiosity. \x0d\ \x0d\ Be prompt and timely. Speed ??is the value of news. Slow news reporting will reduce the value of news, and "news" becomes "old news." Timeliness means that the speed must be fast and the content must be new. We must be keenly aware of new people, new things, new situations, and new problems, understand them as quickly as possible, and respond quickly and in a timely manner. \x0d\ \x0d\ Be concise and short. Brevity is the main mark that distinguishes a message from other styles. The so-called brevity means "a few words to record the facts clearly, a few strokes to show the spirit, a summary without being abstract, a brief without falling into omissions", the writing should be concise and neat, and the content should be concentrated and refined. \x0d\ \x0d\ 2. Types of news (news is generally summarized into four categories): \x0d\ \x0d\ 1. Dynamic news \x0d\ \x0d\ Dynamic news is a rapid and accurate report of recent international, A literary style that covers major domestic events, important activities, and the latest new situations, new developments, new achievements, and new problems in various construction projects. It is the most commonly used category in newspapers. \x0d\ \x0d\ Briefs of major news are dynamic messages. Breaking news refers to news that is of great importance and far-reaching significance and occupies a prominent position in newspapers when reported. For example, "my country's various application satellites are coming together" (Guangming Daily), May 13, 1993). The content of the newsletter comes first and the length is short. Such as "International News Briefing", "Academic Trends", "Market Walk", etc. \x0d\ \x0d\ 2. Typical news \x0d\ \x0d\ Typical news is also called experience news. It is a style of reporting on typical experiences and successful practices of some specific departments, units, and industries. This kind of news is to summarize the experience and reveal the rules after introducing the experience and practices, so as to achieve the purpose of promoting the work from point to point. For example, "Everything relies on the people's own creation - a basic experience of Shougang's ten-year reform" ("People's Daily", December 26, 1988). \x0d\ \x0d\ 3. Comprehensive news \x0d\ \x0d\ Comprehensive news is a report that combines facts of the same nature that occurred in different places, different units, each with its own characteristics, and embodies a theme. It is characterized by analyzing, proposing insights and revealing patterns on the basis of synthesizing and summarizing facts. For example, "Indiscriminate cutting of trees and frequent floods in the three South Asian countries, the north is trying to make up for it by helping workers plant trees" (Guangming Daily, July 25, 1993).
\x0d\ \x0d\ 4. Commentary news \x0d\ \x0d\ Also known as "reporter commentary" and "news commentary". It is a kind of news that has both news and commentary functions. It is based on stating the facts, interspersed with comments or expressions of emotion, thereby analyzing and explaining the nature and significance of the reported facts. Its characteristic is to narrate and comment at the same time, which requires that the opinions be correct and the comments must be appropriate based on the national principles and policies and based on the facts. For example, "Distinguish the mainstream from the tributaries, and don't mistake the "beginning" for "excessive" ("Liaoning Daily", May 1979). \x0d\ \x0d\ 3. How to write the message: \x0d\ \x0d\ 1. Title \x0d\ \x0d\ The title of the message, divided into header title (also known as lead title, shoulder title), main title (also called subject, Motif) and subtopic (also called auxiliary topic, subtopic). The following situations appear in newspapers and periodicals: \x0d\ \x0d\ (1) Multi-line titles. A multi-line title usually has three lines, that is, the middle line is the main topic, which is the core of the title and is used to reveal the theme or indicate important facts; the line above the main topic is the headline, which is used to introduce the main topic, explain the facts, explain the background, heighten the atmosphere, and reveal Meaning; the line below the main title is a subtitle, which is used to supplement the situation or explain the main topic or basis. For example: \x0d\ \x0d\ The person in charge of the Ministry of Economic and Trade delivers a speech (headline) \x0d\ \x0d\ Hopes that direct trade will be realized across the Taiwan Strait (main topic) \x0d\ \x0d\ Willing to contact Taiwan's economic and trade authorities to negotiate and resolve bilateral trade Medium question format) \x0d\ \x0d\ Double line title. First, the main topic and the eyebrow topic appear. For example: \x0d\ \x0d\ Real happiness must be created by one's own labor (eyebrow title) \x0d\ \x0d\ Du Yunyun donated a legacy of 100,000 yuan to the country (main title). \x0d\ \x0d\ Second, the main topic and subtopic appear. For example: \x0d\ \x0d\ Chengdu Telecommunications Bureau spends money to "buy" criticism (main title) \x0d\ \x0d\ Publish an "announcement" in the newspaper to welcome the masses to supervise communication services (subtitle) \x0d\ \x0d\ (2) Single-line title. Single-line titles contain only the main point. For example: \x0d\ \x0d\ ***An interview with the president of "Asahi Shimbun" \x0d\ \x0d\ The title of the news should be concise, clear, approachable, accurate, novel, and attractive. Which title to use depends on the circumstances. \x0d\ \x0d\ 2. Introduction \x0d\ \x0d\ The introduction of the message is the first paragraph or sentence of the message. It is composed of the freshest and most important facts or incisive discussions in the news to attract readers. This is the reason why the commonly known message structure is an "inverted pyramid". \x0d\ \x0d\ The introduction is often written in the following ways: \x0d\ \x0d\ Narrative style. Write the main facts and experiences concisely, or make a comprehensive summary of the entire factual material to reveal the main content. For example: "Dalian Guangcai Industrial (Joint Venture) Co., Ltd., the country's first joint venture between self-employed individuals and Hong Kong businessmen, was approved by the State Council and officially opened on April 13, 1985." This was reported by the Economic Daily in April 1985. The introduction of the message sent on the 18th. \x0d\ \x0d\ Questioning style. Put the problems to be solved or the experiences and practices to be introduced in the message in the form of questions, and then answer with facts. For example, "Dear reader, did you know that corduroy can be used as a summer skirt? Among the many corduroys newly produced by Shanghai Flannel Factory, there is such a novel variety." (Xinhua News Agency press release on July 16, 1980) \x0d\ \x0d\ Descriptive type. Use concise pen and ink to vividly describe a distinctive fact or a meaningful aspect to give readers a vivid impression. For example, "Pots of verdant Ophiopogon japonicus, pines, cypresses, dieffenbachia and blooming flowers decorate the hall of the Great Hall of the People. The All-China Women's Federation held a party here this afternoon. More than 1,500 Chinese and foreign women gathered together. They shook hands with each other and said hello. cordial conversation, *** celebrate Women's Labor Day together."
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 8, 1988) \x0d\ \x0d\Commentary style. It is to first make a critical conclusion about the reported facts and then use specific facts to illustrate it. For example, "Today, the first patent law promulgated by the People's Republic of China has officially come into effect. From then on, the history of free appropriation of the fruits of mental labor has come to an end in our country." (Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, April 1, 1985) \x0d\ \x0d\ Quote. Quote the profound and meaningful language of the characters in the message as the introduction. For example, "Young woman Du Yunyun went to the Shanghai judicial authorities and asked to donate the inheritance of more than 100,000 yuan to the country. She said: 'I am still young and should rely on my own labor to live. I am willing to use this money to support the country's four modernizations. construction'". ("Wen Wei Po" September 29, 1981) \x0d\ \x0d\ 3. Main body \x0d\ \x0d\ The main body is the main part of the message. It follows the introduction, explains the theme revealed in the introduction, or answers the questions raised in the introduction, and narrates and develops the news facts in detail. When writing the main body, you should pay attention to the following points: \x0d\ \x0d\ The main stem should be prominent. The main body of the message is the backbone, and typical materials should be used on the backbone. Get rid of clues, reduce branches, discard things that are irrelevant to the theme, and keep important information simple. \x0d\ \x0d\ The content is substantial. To answer the questions raised in the introduction, the content must be specific and substantial in order to be persuasive. Whatever questions the introduction raises, the main body must answer them, so that it can stick to the center and highlight the key points. \x0d\ \x0d\ The structure is rigorous and the layers are clear. To divide paragraphs appropriately and unfold the narrative in an orderly manner, there are several orders for arranging levels: first, chronological order, which arranges levels according to the order of occurrence, development, and end of things; second, logical order, which is based on the internal relationship of things. The third is to combine the chronological order with the logical order, so that the writing is strict and organized, lively and not chaotic. \x0d\ \x0d\ 4. Background \x0d\ \x0d\ Background refers to the historical environment and reasons for the occurrence of the event. It explains the specific conditions, nature and significance of the occurrence of the event. It is the background that serves to enrich the content, highlight and highlight the theme. It can appear in the main part, the introduction or the end, and the position is not fixed. \x0d\ \x0d\ There are generally three types of background materials: one is comparative material, which is to compare things before and after, pros and cons to highlight the importance of the event; second is explanatory material, which is to introduce political background, geographical location, Historical evolution, production appearance, material conditions, etc.; the third is explanatory materials, that is, descriptions of characters' lives, introductions of professional terms, explanations of historical allusions, etc., to help readers understand the content of the message. \x0d\ \x0d\ 5. Conclusion \x0d\ \x0d\ The conclusion is the last paragraph or sentence of the message. Clarify the meaning of the facts stated in the message so that readers can deepen their understanding and feelings of the message and gain more enlightenment from it. \x0d\ \x0d\ The message ending methods include summary, comment, hope, etc. For some news, the article stops after the facts are written, and the ending is in the facts.