Among the lighting fixtures at this stage, the most popular one is the LED lighting series. There is an important accessory in LED panel lights called light guide plates. In the development process of LED panel lights, light guide plates are becoming more and more popular. It has become an indispensable accessory, and its status and role are also increasing day by day. Let’s take a look at what’s special about the light guide plate.
Features of the light guide plate
1. It can be cut to the required size or spliced ??together. The process is simple and easy to make;
p>
2. High light conversion rate (more than 30% higher than traditional boards), uniform light, and long life. It can be used normally indoors for more than 8 years. It is safe and environmentally friendly, durable and reliable, and can be used both indoors and outdoors;
3. High luminous efficiency and low power consumption under the same area of ??luminous brightness;
4. Can be made into special shapes, such as circles, ellipses, arcs, triangles, etc.;
5. With the same brightness, thinner products can be used to save costs;
6. Any light source can be used, including point and line light sources for surface light source conversion. The light source includes LEDCCFL (cold cathode lamp). Fluorescent tubes, etc.
Classification of light guide plates
1. Light guide plates are divided into cutting and injection molding according to the forming and production methods. Cutting and forming: The optical grade PMMA original plate is cut through the cutting process to complete the finished product; Injection molding: An injection molding machine is used to inject optical grade PMMA particles into the mold using high temperature and high pressure to cool and form.
2. The light guide plate is divided into direct light type and side light type (lamp tube and LED) according to the light input method. Direct type: Place the luminous body (lamp tube or LED) under the light guide plate. Side light type: Place the luminous body (lamp tube or LED) on the side of the light guide plate.
3. The light guide plate is divided into non-printing type and printing type according to the dot production method. Non-printing type: The dots are directly formed on the reflective surface when the light guide plate is formed. It is further divided into chemical engraving (Etching), precision mechanical engraving (V-cut), photolithography (Stamper), and internal diffusion. Printing type: After the light guide plate completes the shape processing, the dots are printed on the reflective surface by printing, which is divided into two types: IR and UV.
4. The light guide plate is divided into non-printing type and printing type according to the dot production method. Non-printing type: The dots are directly formed on the reflective surface when the light guide plate is formed. It is further divided into chemical engraving (Etching), precision mechanical engraving (V-cut), photolithography (Stamper), and internal diffusion. Printing type: After the light guide plate completes the shape processing, the dots are printed on the reflective surface by printing, which is divided into two types: IR and UV.
The working principle of the light guide plate
1. The astigmatism principle of the light guide plate
The light guide plate uses the injection molding method to press acrylic into a plate with a smooth surface. Then use a material with high reflectivity and non-light absorption on the acrylic plate, and use screen printing to print round or square diffusion dots on the bottom of the plate to diffuse the light. When the light hits the diffusion point, the light will be reflected in all directions, and then it will destroy the reflection conditions and be emitted from the front of the light guide plate. In order to achieve uniform light emission, various diffusion points of different density and sizes must be used (different density and sizes can ensure that the probability of light reflection in all directions is roughly the same). The purpose of the reflective plate in the light guide plate is to reflect the light exposed on the bottom surface back into the light guide plate, thereby improving the utilization rate of light and increasing the brightness. Although the manufacturing processes of various light guide plates currently vary, they all utilize the principles of light reflection and light scattering.
2. Design principle of light guide plate
The design principle of the currently widely used light guide plate is derived from the notebook LCD screen we see every day. It uses the principle of spectral analysis combined with laser engraving or digital printing technology, and is produced under constant temperature, constant humidity, and dust-free environmental conditions. It has distinctive features such as ultra-thin and ultra-bright, uniform light guide, energy saving and environmental protection, no dark areas, simple and quick installation and maintenance.
At present, the maximum width of the light guide plate can reach 1500mm, the maximum length can reach 3000mm, and the thinnest thickness has always been 2mm. The larger the size, the thicker it must be to ensure brightness, and the light guide effect will be correspondingly poorer. The thickest light guide plate does not exceed 20mm.