Shao Kang's rejuvenation:
After the establishment of the Xia Dynasty, Xia Qi indulged in debauchery and indulged in "excessive enjoyment", forgetting the difficulties of starting a business for a long time and not seeking future development. After the death of Qi, five brothers, such as his sons Taikang and Zhong Kang, competed for the throne, which led to the "Five Views Chaos". At this time, Hou Yi, the leader of the poor clan, took advantage of the general dissatisfaction of the people and quickly captured the capital of Xia, which led to the exile of Taikang and Zhong Kang. Taikang died in exile, and Hou Yi later "replaced Xia Zheng with Xia Min", and the Xia Dynasty fell into a desperate situation. History calls this incident "Taikang lost his country".
After Taikang lost his country, his son Shao Kang grew up in a matriarchal family, and with the help of the old ministers of the Xia Dynasty, he "recovered the merits of Yu" and rebuilt the Xia Dynasty. History calls this process "Shao Kang Zhongxing". In a sense, the Xia Dynasty really moved towards stability and development after the restoration of Shao Kang.
Shang dynasty:
Wu Ding ZTE:
After "Pan Geng moved to Yin", the political situation was gradually stable and the social economy was prosperous, which laid the foundation for the development in the late Shang Dynasty.
Wu Ding is the son of Pan Geng's younger brother Xiao Yi. After that, there were Pan Geng, Xiao Xindi, Xiao Xindi and Xiao B. After Xiao B's death, Wu Ding became king. Wu Ding reigned for 59 years. He was a famous "King of Zhongxing" with outstanding achievements and was honored as the emperor after his death.
Zhou dynasty:
Cheng Kang's rules:
During the Western Zhou Dynasty in China, Zhou Chengwang and Zhou Kangwang ruled for more than 40 years, forming a stable and powerful political situation. After the completion of Zhoucheng, the eastern capital, Zhou Gong, the assistant minister, regained power as king in order to subdue stubborn businessmen, and the Zhou Dynasty entered a period of consolidation. Wang Cheng and his son, King Kang, inherited the achievements of King Wen and King Wu. They are frugal and restrain their desire to ease class contradictions. It also achieved the rites and music of the Duke of Zhou, that is, the establishment and implementation of various laws and regulations of the dynasty, and the large-scale implementation of the enfeoffment system since Zhou Wuwang. The enfeoffment system of the Western Zhou Dynasty established the local administrative system under the control of the Zhou Emperor with the patriarchal clan system as the link, which played a role in strengthening the rule of the Zhou Dynasty in a certain period of time. The enfeoffment system also provided an important premise for maintaining the emergence of the ritual system of emperor, minister, Qing, doctor and scholar. Cheng Kang's governors were directly controlled by the central government. During the period of Kang Wang, Zhou also ordered the vassals to conquer and spread to the East and strengthen their control over foreign countries. The Cheng Kang period was the most prosperous stage of the Zhou Dynasty. It is said that the world is at peace, and the instruments of torture have not been used for more than 40 years, which is known as the successful rule.
Wang Xuan ZTE:
During Zhou Liwang's time, politics declined. He appointed Rong as a noble official, practiced "patent", dedicated the interests of all things in the world to the king, and unified the profits of mountains, rivers, trees and forests to the royal family, which aggravated the exploitation of the people. This has seriously damaged the interests of the rising middle and small aristocrats and the general public, and caused strong dissatisfaction among Chinese people. When people accused Li Guowang of his tyrannical behavior, "When the king was angry, he defended the witch and killed the accuser. People were afraid to speak, and the road was based on the eyes." At that time, people of insight in the Zhou Dynasty, such as Rui, Zhao Mugong and others, were worried and remonstrated with Li Jin. It is said that Mu Gong used to "defend the people's population" more than defending Sichuan. The reason why the river will collapse and more people will be injured is to persuade Li Wang to say it. However, Li Guowang was stubborn, refused to listen to any suggestions and continued to implement brutal policies.
Before 842, China people and some officials, nobles and soldiers rioted and attacked Li Wang. Li Wang fled to Bi (now Huoxian County, Shanxi Province), and Jing Wang hid at home and was surrounded by Chinese people. Zhao bus gave his son to replace the prince, which made Prince Jing free. China people's uprising is an action involving a wide range of social classes, which is a fatal blow to Li's tyrannical rule. Li is hiding, afraid to return to Beijing. In this case, the affairs of state are managed by patriotic princes, which are called "politics" in history. * * * and fourteen years (828 B.C.), "Die at last, * * *" made all the ministers revere it.
Zhou Xuanwang experienced the social storm of people's riots in China until he succeeded to the throne. King Xuan was awed by the strength of China people, and earnestly warned officials "Don't try to save money from ordinary people, don't dare to insult widows" and "Don't dare to indulge in wine". The key point of Wang Xuan's administration is to change Li Wang's high-handed policy towards the people, so as to consolidate the Zhou Dynasty. During the reign of Wang Xuan, the war to conquer the die-hards won a great victory, and it has been attacking Pingliang area in Gansu. Wang Xuan also made many expeditions to the south. The conquest of Jianghan area was led by Zhao Bohu and achieved many victories. In order to deal with Xirong, Zhou Xuanwang appointed Qin Zhong, the leader of Qin family, as a doctor. After Qin Zhong was killed by Xirong, Wang Xuan sent 7000 reinforcements to help Qin Zhong's son and finally defeated Xirong. The victory of these wars brought prosperity to the Zhou Dynasty. However, during the period of Wang Xuan, various social contradictions still existed and continued to develop. In the last few years in Wang Xuan, foreign wars failed one after another. With the death of Xuan Wang, his "Zhongxing" performance has become a thing of the past.
Western Han dynasty:
Wenjing's law:
The rule of Wenjing was a prosperous time for Emperor Wendi and Emperor Jingdi in the Western Han Dynasty for about 40 years, with stable politics and remarkable economic development.
Liu Heng is the fourth son of Liu Bang, and his mother is Ji Bo. In the 11th year of Emperor Gaudi (196), he was made acting king. In BC 180, Lv Hou died and Zhu Lu made an insurrection. Prime Minister, Qiu, Zhu, and other imperial clan ministers ruled Zhu Lu and made him emperor for 23 years. Liu Qi, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, is the prince of Wendi, and his mother is Queen Dou. He ascended the throne in 157 BC and reigned in 16.
After the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Gaozu, Hui Di and Lv Hou all devoted themselves to agricultural production and stabilized the feudal ruling order, and achieved remarkable results. After Emperor Wenjing ascended the throne one after another, on this basis, he took further measures to ease taxes and share interest with the people, which is called "the rule of Wenjing" in history.
Zhao Xuanzhongxing:
After the death of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, his youngest son, Fu Ling, succeeded him as Emperor Zhao, who reigned for 13 years. In the first year of Yuanping (74 BC), Liu Heli, the king of Changyi, was deposed by Huo Guang, the general, and the son of Emperor Wudi was proclaimed emperor. He was Xuan Di, who reigned for 25 years. Zhao Xuanchao adopted the policy of "emphasizing knowledge and action, neglecting taxes, and recuperating", which restored and developed the social economy and eased social contradictions. Zhao Xuan was known as "Zhao Xuan Zhongxing" with clear political suburbs, stable society, harmonious ethnic relations and developed economy.
Eastern Han dynasty:
Guangwu Zhongxing:
Liu Xiu, the founding emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was the grandson of Emperor Gaozu IX, and his father Liu Qin was the county magistrate of Nanton. Liu Xiuceng entered imperial academy to study Shangshu. At the end of the new period, under the persuasion of Li Tong for three years, Di Huang opposed Wang Mang with his brother Ada, and later joined the outlaw hero. In 25 years, Liu Xiu proclaimed himself Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty. In order to strengthen the rule, Liu Xiu took a series of measures to consolidate the rule and resume production, so that the Han regime began to flourish again, which was called "Rongxing" in history.
Zhang Ming rule:
Zhang Ming's rule refers to the rule of Emperor Han Ming and Zhang Han in the Eastern Han Dynasty in ancient China. At that time, the policy of relaxing the rule of the country and supporting the people was adopted, which made their rule a rare period in the history of Ming Chengzu, with clean administration, economic development and social stability.
Southern and Northern Dynasties:
The rule of Yuanjia:
After the death of Emperor Wu of Song Wudi, the eldest son Liu Yifu acceded to the throne. Two years later, Minister Xu Xianzhi and others killed Liu Yifu and established Liu Yilong, the third son of Emperor Wu of Song, who was known as Song Wendi in history. Song Wendi continued to implement Emperor Wu of Song's general plan of governing the country, cleaned up the household registration on the basis of losing land in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, ordered the people to forgive the "rent debt" owed to the government, and implemented a series of measures such as encouraging students to study, developing agriculture, and recruiting talents, so that the people could farm and live, social production developed, and economy and culture became increasingly prosperous. Therefore, "in the past 30 years, I have been generous in self-protection, and in the year of Fu, I have given it a gift. Going out in the morning and returning at dusk is just self-worry. " "People have relations, and officials have no income. Home is enough for people, that is, although things are difficult, turning ditches can be avoided. Where there are hundreds of families, there are cities, songs and dances, and groups of people contact each other, covering the prosperity of the Song Dynasty. " The reign of Yuanjia in Song Wendi (424-453) was the most powerful historical period in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, which was called "the rule of Yuanjia" in history.
Sui dynasty:
Rule of opening the emperor
Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, the founding emperor of Sui Dynasty, initiated the system of three provinces and six departments in order to unify China, revised the Law of Imperial Warehousing, established granaries, and promulgated the order of land equalization, which initiated the rule of Imperial Warehousing. Sui Gaozu carefully managed, and the Sui Dynasty quickly became strong. He not only accomplished the great cause of reunifying China, but also made the Sui Dynasty a powerful country with stable political power, social stability, sharp increase in household registration, rapid increase in reclamation, abundant savings, developed culture, strong armour and extraordinary prestige. Later generations generally praised the reign of Sui Gaozu as "the reign of the emperor".
Tang dynasty:
Rule of Zhenguan:
When Emperor Taizong Li Shimin was emperor, his title was Zhenguan. During the Zhenguan period (AD 627-649), Emperor Taizong learned the lessons from the demise of the Sui Dynasty and governed the country with his heart. He implemented many enlightened policies and measures to benefit the country and the people, consolidated the political power of the Tang Dynasty, restored and developed the social economy, and created a relatively stable and peaceful social environment. Historians call this period "chastity rule".
Emperor Taizong knew that to achieve political clarity, we must be good at employing people and listen to opinions widely. So as long as talented people, regardless of their origins, can be reused by him. Wei Zhi dared to make suggestions directly to Emperor Taizong. Even if Emperor Taizong was angry, he would not give in. When Wei Zhi died of illness, Taizong cried and said that using copper as a mirror can tidy up clothes and hats; Take history as a mirror, you can know the rise and fall; Taking people as a mirror can distinguish right from wrong. Wei Zhi died, and I lost a mirror.
Emperor Taizong took many measures, such as merging counties to save money; Let farmers own certain land; Reduce the labor burden and ensure the production time of farmers. These measures are very popular. Emperor Taizong quoted the ancients as saying that the emperor is a ship and the people are water. The knife cuts bread and fingers.
Emperor Taizong adopted a more enlightened national policy, which won the support of all ethnic groups. All ethnic groups in the north revere him as "Great Khan". Emperor Taizong also married Princess Wencheng to the Tubo King, which made the Sino-Tibetan ethnic relations more friendly and intimate and contributed to the stability of China's multi-ethnic country.
The rules of the eternal badge:
A period of prosperity during the reign of Tang Gaozong and Li Zhi. Tang Gaozong reigned for thirty-four years (649-683), and the first six years were marked with an eternal national emblem. At the beginning of his reign, Emperor Gaozong continued to implement various political and economic systems formulated by Emperor Taizong, assisting Li Ji, Sun Qiang Wuji and Chu Suiliang. They all remember the last wish of Emperor Taizong and stick to it. Emperor Taizong instructed coachable people to love their people. When Emperor Taizong ascended the throne, he announced to his ministers: "If something is inconvenient to the people, follow it. If it is not enough, it will be sealed. " On the other hand, he quoted the secretariat into the cabinet and asked the people about their sufferings; Emperor Taizong instructed him to respect frugality, and Emperor Gaozong immediately issued a letter: "Those who offer eagles, dogs and horses are guilty of crimes from Beijing officials and other States." The ministers of Emperor Gaozong obeyed the instructions of Emperor Taizong, so during the reign of Yong Zhengdi, the frontier was stable (repelling the attack of the West Turkic), and the people's Fuan (the population increased from less than 3 million to 3.8 million during the Zhenguan period) had a legacy of Zhenguan, which was called "the rule of Yonghui" in history.
Kaiyuan event:
Kaiyuan (AD 7 13-74 1) was the title of Li Longji in the early reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. From the early years of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan to the last years of Kaiyuan, after more than 100 years of accumulation, the Tang Dynasty appeared a scene of all-round prosperity, which was called "the prosperous time of Kaiyuan" in history.
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, also known as Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty, is the grandson of Wu Zetian. When he became emperor, he was determined to inherit the career of Emperor Taizong, appoint talents, accept the correct opinions of ministers and manage the country carefully.
In the first 20 years of Emperor Xuanzong's rule, the Tang Dynasty showed a prosperous scene. Du Fu, a great poet, described it like this in his poem "Remembering the Past": "Looking back at the heyday of Kaiyuan, there were still thousands of families in the small town. Rice is fat and white, and public and private warehouses are rich. " In the heyday of Kaiyuan, even small counties had tens of thousands of families. Agriculture has been bumper harvest year after year, grain is piled up in public and private warehouses, and people's lives are very rich.
During the Kaiyuan period, the society was stable, the world was peaceful and the commercial traffic was developed. Yangzhou is located at the intersection of the Canal and the Yangtze River, where Chinese and foreign businessmen gather and the city is particularly prosperous. Chang 'an, Tang Dou is very lively. Ambassadors, businessmen, scholars and craftsmen from many countries in the world rushed to the Tang Dynasty for friendly exchanges, trade and learning culture and technology. China's feudal society experienced unprecedented prosperity, which is the famous "Kaiyuan Shengshi" in history.
Yuanhe ZTE:
After the Anshi Rebellion, the Tang Dynasty was badly weakened and turned from prosperity to decline. At this time, the land equalization system has gradually disintegrated, and the phenomenon of land merger has become increasingly serious, so the rent adjustment system cannot be implemented. The separatist situation in the buffer zone has been formed.
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