(1) Diluent is normal saline, distilled water or cold boiled water is also acceptable. For vaccines that require special dilution, use the specified diluent. If the vaccine itself is equipped with diluent, use diluent. Do not directly dilute the vaccine with tap water, well water or river water. Diluent should be cold, and special attention should be paid when the weather is hot. The dosage of diluent should be carefully and accurately calculated and weighed.
(2) The dilution dose should be strictly in accordance with the dose specified in the instructions for vaccine use, and it is not allowed to increase or decrease at will, otherwise it may lead to immune failure. For example, the attenuated vaccine of duck plague chicken embryo is diluted 200 times with 200 ml of physiological saline according to its prescribed dose, and each duck is injected intramuscularly with 1 ml.
(3) Dilution appliances such as syringes, needles and tweezers should be strictly disinfected before use.
(4) The dilution process should be protected from light, dust and aseptic operation, especially the vaccine for injection should be strictly aseptic. The dilution process is generally carried out in stages, and vaccine bottles are generally washed with diluent for 2 ~ 3 times.
(5) A sterilized needle should be fixed on the diluted vaccine bottle and covered with alcohol cotton.
(6) The diluted vaccine should be used up as soon as possible, and the unused vaccine should also be stored in the refrigerator or ice bucket.
Who knows the composition of serum diluent of ELISA kit?
Generally, PBS or TBS can be used as diluent for ELISA samples, and its PH value is about 7.2-7.4. Some protein components (such as 3%BSA, 5%- 15%FBS or serum homologous to the secondary antibody) will be added to stabilize the target protein in the sample on the one hand and reduce nonspecific adsorption on the other. Some diluents will also be added with nonionic detergent (such as Tween-100) to eliminate nonspecific adsorption and improve the specificity of detection.
Therefore, if the specificity of the detection reagent is high and the detected substance is pure, it can be simply diluted with PBS.
Color-changing indicator is often added to the serum diluent of commercial kits, which can change color by combining with protein or other components in serum, or changing the PH value after adding serum. This is to better distinguish which wells are filled with samples and which are not, which is convenient for inspectors to operate, and usually has no effect on the reaction between antigen and antibody. However, these color-changing indicator components are protected by patents and are not disclosed, so this component must be asked from the manufacturer of the reagent.