The forgery of traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting has a long history, has experienced several climaxes, and is now becoming more and more serious. Many famous calligraphers and painters participated intentionally or unintentionally, which also had a very negative impact on the development of the art market. Many collectors and enthusiasts complained angrily, "Today's collectors are playing with one line and breaking one line." A few years ago, I wrote an article in a newspaper criticizing Zhang Daqian and the calligraphy and painting masters of the Dance Academy. Fake calligraphy and painting. In fact, imitating and forging calligraphy and painting is not just his "invention patent". This is also common among other calligraphers and painters in history.
The pursuit of “fame” will lead to long-term crackdowns on counterfeiting.
The calligraphy and painting market has always pursued "famous brands", which is the direct reason for the long-term existence of fakes. It mainly manifests as unknown calligraphers and painters, underage calligraphers and painters imitating the works of calligraphers and painters, or the parties involved imitating the works of more famous calligraphers and painters to become famous.
For example, Mi Fu, one of the four great families in the Southern Song Dynasty, made great achievements in the history of traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting. But he himself is also a master of ancient painting. Zheng Xie, one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou" in the Qing Dynasty, once used fake ink paintings to deceive people. We can only see his poem "Xiyuan Zuobi Shoumen Shu". There are many friends at home, short and long notes are gone, and there is nothing left for the old man to forge.
Ren Bonian was a famous painter in the late Qing Dynasty. Before he became famous, he was not a fuel-efficient lamp. He often likes to forge masterpieces. After he became famous, those who came after him followed suit. In turn, a cruel joke was played on him. Jiang Hanting was a famous painter of sea flowers and birds in the late Qing Dynasty and a master who was good at imitating the paintings of monk Xugu. Although the old friend passed away, these works entered the market in different ways, disrupting the normal order. I once saw a fake flower-and-bird painting called "Jiang Hanting" at an auction preview, which was eventually exposed by relevant parties. There are countless similar examples passed down from generation to generation.
Qi Baishi also hired people to "ghostwrite"
Mr. Qi Baishi was awarded the title of "People's Artist" and was very smart in selling paintings. In Zhang Daqian's words, he likes to "care about every detail." After Qi Baishi turned 70, because his eyesight was dim and it was difficult to draw fine grass and insect leaves, he asked others to write most of them for him. Finally, he drew a few strokes in front of the buyer, indicating that he had painted it himself. This kind of "ghostwriting" behavior is not an isolated phenomenon, but a kind of fraud in the form of fake books and fake books. Yes, Dong Qichang and Wang? There are works by famous artists such as Wang, Wang, Gao, Jin Nong, and Wu Changshuo. It can be seen that these famous fakes have been passed down to this day.
How does Zhang Canda copy ancient paintings?
In the 1940s, due to the turmoil, I had to make a living by selling paintings, and my life was very poor. During this time, he also became seriously ill, and his family was almost on the verge of despair. Fortunately, his colleague Li often supported him through those difficult years.
Due to the turbulent times and difficult life, he later moved several times. At first, he moved out of Liulichang Northeast Park and rented a small house on Shanxi Street in Beiping. His life was very poor, but he still persisted in artistic exploration. Later he moved to No. 14 Zongmao Temple, Xidan, Beijing. In order to make a living, he studied painting more diligently at this time. He often went to Liulichang as soon as he finished painting to sell some food to make ends meet. In 1945, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhang Daqian returned to Peiping, where he met his teacher again. He began to assist Zhang Daqian in collecting precious paintings and calligraphy from Liulichang and assisting in their appraisal. In March 1946, he followed Zhang Daqian to Sichuan, where he visited historical sites and painted. At that time, they lived in the courtyard of Taihe in Pixian County, and later moved to the West Pagoda Courtyard of Zhaojue Temple in Chengdu.
It was at that time that I met Ye. At that time, Mrs. Ye went to Sichuan to visit Zhang Daqian and met He. During this period, Zhang Daqian copied ancient paintings and found out what some of them were. At the same time, he also painted landscapes
Because everyone has different life experiences, living conditions, outlook on life, and life attitudes, which has led to the copying and forgery of paintings by famous calligraphers and painters in the past dynasties. Some were forged earlier because of the need to make a living, and some were completely different. Most of these other aspects were unknown to ordinary people and were only revealed later.
Of course, some authors have no intention of making fakes, and the works of famous artists are only intended to improve their personal skills, only to be bought by others and then put into the market. Now calligraphers and painters have come forward to accuse the art market of massive counterfeiting. Looking back at ancient and modern times, it is difficult for ordinary "low imitations" to get some real calligraphy and painting collectors. Judging from what happened, I am sure what kind of scandals will happen in the future when today's famous calligraphers and painters "put on new shoes and walk on the old road"? Although I think most calligraphers and painters should abide by laws and ethics.