The British inventor Joseph Bram improved the design of the toilet in the late18th century. He used some components, such as a three-ball valve to control the water flow in the water tank and a U-bend to ensure that the smell of the sewage pipe would not be smelled by users. He obtained a patent for this toilet on 1778. An important feature of the toilet is the S-shaped pipe, or the trap of the sewer, which always keeps some water. This water is equivalent to a gasket, covering up the odor.
The invention of the toilet can really be called a classic in the civilization of human life. In recent decades, innovations have been made, including "mobile toilets", "non-contact toilets" and "computer-monitored water-saving toilets". With the application of high technology, modern toilets can even detect users' blood pressure, fat, heart rate and analyze urine. These detected data can also be directly transmitted to the medical center through the network connected to the toilet.