Keyword technology; Invention; reform
As a comprehensive activity class, science and technology activity class is an important part of the curriculum system of nine-year compulsory education and a new product of curriculum reform. Suhomlinski, a famous educator in the former Soviet Union, said: "In people's hearts, there is a deep-rooted need to be a discoverer, researcher and explorer. In the spiritual world of children, this demand is particularly strong. " Science and technology activity curriculum is a good form to satisfy and release children's desire for discovery, research and exploration.
The small invention activity is an important part of primary school science and technology activities, an important way to improve students' innovative ability, and plays an extremely important role in cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability. Its content is extensive, informative and interesting, and it is deeply loved by children.
Case 1:
One day a few years ago, I was blowing my hair. My son in kindergarten suddenly said, "Mom, will it be hard for you to blow your hair with a comb in one hand and a hair dryer in the other?" If you want to look in the mirror, there is no third hand. I want to invent a hair dryer with a comb when I grow up! "In June 65438+February 2008, after my son' invented' an easy comb cover for hair dryers, he won the prize in the 7th Xianluan Cup Science and Technology Innovation Competition in Quanzhou and won the national patent at the same time.
Case 2:
Usually, the kettle we use is mostly a device that separates the lid from the kettle body. The vent hole on the cover often covers the vicinity of the handle by accident. Every day when he goes to school, his son takes water to school. When he pours water, his hands are often burned by the steam discharged from the vent hole on the cover. So he thought: if we can get a fixed concave-convex groove between the lid and the body of the pot and keep the vent away from the handle forever, wouldn't our hands be burned? Thus, the invention of "kettle to prevent steam from scalding from the vent hole of the cover" was born.
Case 3:
In the comprehensive practice class, when the teacher and students exchanged the topic of "making an egg extractor", the children were very enthusiastic. They discussed how to put the method taught by the teacher into practice and invent a device that can take out the whole empty eggshell. After the controversy was refuted, after hard training, the device for making complete empty eggshells was completed!
Later, inventions (6 national patents) such as multifunctional new blackboard, sanitary and safety ashtray with cover and reflective vest with safety warning function were born in our hands one after another!
I used to think that innovation is an inscrutable mystery. The people who can do it are not ordinary normal people, but "Youth Science and Technology Innovation Competition", "First Luan Cup Science and Technology Innovation Competition" and "Quanzhou Science and Technology? In activities such as "Talent Week" and "Looking for Folk Inventors", we can't help but marvel at the whimsy of "inventors" after seeing all kinds of inventions, especially when such small inventions come from our own hands, we deeply feel that inventions are actually around us. Most of these inventions come from life. As long as you are willing to live, as long as you think and act, then you, me, him and everyone can become inventors!
However, in life, how many children's whimsy have been ignored or even killed by us? To tell the truth, there are many things in learning life that are inconvenient to use. Children may have their own whimsy about these phenomena, depending on how parents and teachers know, how to guide and help them turn their ideas into reality, and achieve the purpose of creating inventions.
The above cases tell us that if parents or teachers can consciously create a certain atmosphere, pay attention to guiding children to observe and discover, encourage children to boldly ask questions or even refute, give children the opportunity to explore and acquire knowledge on their own initiative, and let children seriously seek, discover and create in their study life, they can make children actively develop in independent, cooperative and exploratory activities and fully release their creative potential in life.
1. Create a good atmosphere and an innovative environment.
Invention is a process in which children actively participate in inquiry activities. We should give children freedom of choice. Give the child a batch of questions and let him explore; Give the child a goal to pursue; Give children a creative space. It is very necessary to create an atmosphere of equality, trust and harmony, and create an invention situation.
First of all, in the organization of activities, we should always communicate with children on an equal footing as organizers and collaborators of scientific and technological activities, create an atmosphere of equality, respect and harmony, and strive to create an atmosphere of personal thinking, discovery and innovation with children as the main body, so that children can dare to think, speak and do in activities and truly become the masters of activities.
Secondly, we should respect children's personality choice, satisfy children's curiosity and thirst for knowledge, make the teaching process a voluntary exploration process, encourage children to carry out cooperative exploration, boldly ask questions, disagree or even criticize and refute in activities, correctly treat children's interruptions and wrong answers, be more tolerant, encourage more, blame less and criticize less, and make the teaching process a relaxed and lively incentive process.
For example, when a child proposed to invent a hair dryer with a comb when he grew up, I didn't satirize him for thinking and dreaming, but praised him for saying "you are smart" and "very creative" in time, and encouraged him from time to time to consciously guide them to think, practice and realize their dreams!
With the love, respect, expectation and encouragement of adults, children will have a strong desire for knowledge and creation, and devote themselves to independent exploration activities with the mentality of explorers and researchers, laying a good foundation for creative learning.
2. Guide communication and inquiry, and cultivate innovative consciousness.
The creation of small inventions focuses on inquiry, and it focuses on letting children experience a scientific inquiry process, which exists in everyone. The process of activity organization is a process in which several individuals cooperate, promote and influence each other. We should give full play to everyone's learning enthusiasm, guide children to actively participate in cooperative inquiry, learn from each other's strong points, make classroom teaching form a huge magnetic force, attract children to actively explore problems, discover laws, give full play to children's initiative and complementarity, and cultivate children's exploration spirit and innovative consciousness.
For example, in the process of "making an egg extractor", I let the children communicate with each other, discuss the design ideas and process, guide them to write down their ideas after the collision, then design and draw, design its shape and internal structure, describe its structure, working methods, materials needed for making, use methods, and what value it has for our life and study, and then talk to parents and teachers about their own design. This kind of encouragement has aroused children's strong desire to explore, the spark of thinking has been ignited frequently, and the innovative consciousness and innovative potential have been effectively developed and cultivated.