Development history
Zhongguancun National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone originated from "Zhongguancun Electronic Street" in the early 1980s. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attached great importance to the development and construction of Zhongguancun, and the State Council made five important decisions. 1988 In May, the State Council approved the establishment of the Beijing New Technology Industry Development Experimental Zone, which was the predecessor of Zhongguancun Science Park. Zhongguancun Science Park is the first national high-tech industrial development zone in China. Zhongguancun Science Park Management Committee, as an agency of the municipal government, exercises unified leadership and management over the park. 1In June, 1999, the State Council approved the Request for Instructions on Accelerating the Construction of Zhongguancun Science Park, which was an important strategic decision made by the China Municipal Government to implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and enhance China's innovation ability and comprehensive national strength. In August 2005, the State Council made eight decisions on supporting and strengthening Zhongguancun Science Park. Street view of Zhongguancun
In March 2009, the State Council approved to support Zhongguancun Science Park to build a national independent innovation demonstration zone, demanding that Zhongguancun be built into a globally influential science and technology innovation center and an important carrier for the construction of an innovative country. 20111654381October 26th, the State Council approved the development plan of Zhongguancun National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone (20 1 1-2020), which further clarified the strategy of Zhongguancun Demonstration Zone in the next decade. 20 1 1 The Twelfth Five-Year Plan of China clearly puts forward that "Beijing Zhongguancun will be built into a scientific and technological innovation center with global influence".
Development situation
After more than 20 years of development and construction, Zhongguancun has gathered nearly 20,000 high-tech enterprises represented by Lenovo and Baidu, and formed a high-tech industrial cluster with electronic information, biomedicine, energy and environmental protection, new materials, advanced manufacturing and aerospace as the main forms, forming a unique development pattern of "one area with many parks" and becoming a high-end industrial functional zone across administrative regions in the capital. At present, the spatial pattern of Zhongguancun's "one area and many parks" includes ten parks, including Haidian Park, Fengtai Park, Changping Park, Electronic City, Yi Manor, Desheng Park, Yonghe Park, Shijingshan Park, Tongzhou Park and Zhongguancun Daxing Biomedical Base. During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, Zhongguancun will continue to improve the unique development pattern of "one district with many parks", focusing on the construction of "two cities and two belts", namely Zhongguancun Science City and Future Science and Technology City, R&D service industry and high-tech industrial belt composed of Haidian in the north, Changping and Shunyi in the south, and high-tech manufacturing industry and strategic emerging industrial belt composed of Beijing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing, Tongzhou and Fangshan in the south, so as to promote the development of high-end industrial clusters. The economic development of Zhongguancun Demonstration Zone has maintained a high growth rate. In 20 10, the total income of enterprises in the demonstration area was nearly10.6 trillion yuan, accounting for about17 of the national high-tech zone, and the contribution rate to the city's economic growth reached 23.5%. The turnover of technology contracts was 654.38+057.95 billion yuan, accounting for 40.4% of the whole country, and 80% was exported outside Beijing. In 20 10, there were 14 13 enterprises with revenues exceeding 100 million yuan, an increase of 160 compared with 2009. In 20 10, the added value of Zhongguancun demonstration zone was 264.4 billion yuan, accounting for 23.5% of the city's economic growth, and it became an important pillar of the capital's economic and social development. Zhongguancun's energy consumption per 10,000 yuan of added value is only one-fifth of the city's average level, and it has maintained a low-energy operation for a long time, which has supported the smooth realization of energy conservation and emission reduction targets during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period in the capital. 20 1 1 to June, the total income of enterprises above designated size in the demonstration area reached 790.5 billion yuan, up 19.3% year-on-year. In the first half of the year, the listed companies in the demonstration area realized a total income of about 654.38+000 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of more than 20%. 20 1 1 In the first half of the year, the total income of modern service industry in the demonstration area exceeded 480 billion yuan, up about 2 1% year-on-year.
Talent resources
Zhongguancun is the most densely populated area of science, education, intelligence and human resources in China. Nearly 40% academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Academy of Engineering have undertaken about one third of the national "863" projects, "973" projects and nearly 1,000 major national science and technology projects. The core area of Zhongguancun has 32 institutions of higher learning represented by Peking University and Tsinghua, and 206 national and Beijing scientific research institutes. Zhongguancun has 67 national key laboratories and 55 national engineering centers or engineering technology centers. There are more than 100 business incubation service institutions, such as university science parks, technology business incubators and overseas students' pioneer parks, with a total incubation area of over 3.2 million square meters and 29 overseas students' pioneer parks with a total incubation area of over 600,000 square meters. Provide financial agency, legal consultation, investment and financing, secured loans, entrepreneurship counseling and entrepreneurship training for small and medium-sized entrepreneurial enterprises. Zhongguancun is taking the lead in building the first national talent zone, building a strategic highland for talent development in China, building a global gathering place for high-end innovative and entrepreneurial talents and a demonstration zone for institutional innovation, giving priority to the development of talents. Zhongguancun is the first batch of "overseas high-level talent innovation and entrepreneurship bases" awarded by the Central Talent Work Coordination Group. More than 6.5438+0.5 million entrepreneurs have returned from studying abroad, more than 6,000 enterprises have been established and more than 2,000 active enterprises have been established. It is the region with the largest number of enterprises founded by returned overseas students. At present, there are 31person for "Thousand Talents Program" and 63/person for "Haiju Project" in Beijing, of which 80% are in Zhongguancun area. A number of influential new and old entrepreneurs at home and abroad have grown up, such as Liu Chuanzhi of Lenovo, Li Yanhong of Baidu, Jing Cheng of Boao Bio, Deng Zhonghan of Zhongxing Microelectronics, Yin Weidong of Kexing Bio, Wen Jianping of Bi Shuiyuan, Wu Daohong of Shenwu Thermal Energy and Kai-fu Lee of innovation works. 20 1 1, 15 The Central Organization Department, the National Development and Reform Commission and other central departments jointly issued "Several Opinions on the Construction of a Talent Zone in Zhongguancun National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone", requiring Zhongguancun to take the lead in establishing the strategic layout of giving priority to talent development and building a talent zone, and giving 13 policy support to innovative talents.
Science and technology finance
Zhongguancun has initially formed a Zhongguancun investment and financing model of "one foundation, six mechanisms and ten channels". "One foundation" refers to the construction of enterprise credit system, which promotes financing with credit and development with financing. The "six mechanisms" refer to the credit incentive mechanism, risk compensation mechanism, loan guarantee linkage mechanism, multi-party cooperation mechanism among banks, governments and enterprises, phased continuous support mechanism and market selection focus mechanism with equity investment as the core. The "Top Ten Channels" include angel investment, venture capital, domestic and overseas listing, agency share transfer, secured financing, corporate bonds and trust plans, mergers and acquisitions, credit loans, credit insurance and trade financing, and micro loans. Four measures to implement financial support for Zhongguancun enterprises to become stronger and bigger: first, implement the policy of guiding and encouraging equity investment of major scientific and technological achievements transformation and industrialization government; The second is to support enterprises to list at home and abroad, forming a "Zhongguancun plate"; The third is to implement the financing support policy and support Zhongguancun enterprises to undertake bidding for major national construction projects; The fourth is to implement the merger and reorganization plan of Zhongguancun enterprises. Improve the multi-level capital market focusing on GEM and Zhongguancun agency system, and support enterprises to become stronger and bigger. By August of 20 1 1, the total number of listed companies in Zhongguancun had reached 190, including 1 14 in China, 76 overseas, and 38 enterprises were listed on the domestic growth enterprise market, initially forming the "Zhongguancun plate" of the growth enterprise market. Zhongguancun's annual venture capital cases and investment amount account for about one-third of the country. The pilot work of Zhongguancun's agency share quotation transfer has achieved remarkable results (also known as the "New Third Board"), and 94 enterprises have been listed and filed in the agency system. On the basis of summarizing the pilot work of Zhongguancun agency, the CSRC is actively promoting the construction of the national OTC market under unified supervision. Zhongguancun will establish and improve the technology and finance Innovation System which combines government funds with social funds, industrial capital with financial capital, and direct financing with indirect financing, and build the National technology and finance Innovation Center.
strategic emerging industries
Among the seven strategic emerging industries identified by the state, Zhongguancun has played a leading role in source and demonstration. The industrial structure has changed to scientific and technological innovation and high-tech service industry, and the industrial chain has been expanding to the high end, which has initially explored a way to develop high-tech industries in China. Zhongguancun gives full play to the role of universities and scientific research institutes as the main force of scientific and technological innovation and the market subject of high-tech enterprises, and vigorously promotes major R&D innovations and industrialization of major scientific and technological achievements. Focusing on the national strategic needs and the needs of Beijing's social and economic development, Zhongguancun has made a large number of key technological breakthroughs and innovative achievements, built the largest innovative enterprise group in China, represented the highest level of high-tech development in China, and initially formed a strategic emerging industrial cluster with the ability to participate in international competition. Carry out collaborative innovation in politics and Industry-University-Research, support the establishment of industrial technology alliances involving 55 enterprises and universities, and promote the creation and application of independent technical standards. Promote the project of opening Zhongguancun to laboratories, and 83 laboratories have been listed in colleges and universities. In-depth implementation of the "100,000 Project", the implementation of the "one enterprise, one policy" support model, the integration of policy resources to support enterprises to open up markets, continuously improve technological innovation capabilities, introduce and motivate talents, listing and mergers and acquisitions. , to promote enterprises to become stronger and bigger. Accelerate the implementation of the "Gazelle Plan" for small and medium-sized science and technology enterprises, focus on the advantageous areas such as mobile Internet, cloud computing and Internet of Things, select a group of enterprises with strong professionalism, rapid growth and good development prospects, and give key support by encouraging R&D investment, credit financing subsidies, subsidies for office production houses, and subsidies for intellectual property creation. Zhongguancun Demonstration Zone has become the source of technological innovation and the important support of high-tech industry in China. There are nearly 2,000 standards established by enterprises, including 86 international standards and 798 national, local and industrial standards. The enterprise has more than 35,000 authorized patents, including10.3 million authorized invention patents; Won more than 50 national science and technology progress awards; Has undertaken 968 major national science and technology projects; It has undertaken most of the core tasks of major national science and technology projects. Zhongguancun has undertaken a quarter of the national "863" project and a third of the national "973" project.
Most private enterprises ~ large enterprises are also composed of joint-stock system ~ To put IT bluntly, it is the distribution center of China IT industry enterprises ~
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