1878 In September, Edison began to study electric lights when he was 3 1 year old. At that time, the gas lamp had replaced the kerosene lamp, but the flame flashed back and forth and produced harmful gas when it was extinguished; Arc lamp has also been invented and used in public places, but it is not suitable for indoor use because it hisses when burning and is too bright. At that time, many European and American scientists were already exploring to make a new and stable luminous body.
Edison studied the arc lamp and announced that he could invent a satisfactory lamp, but he needed money. At that time, he was a man with 170 invention patents, and his inventions brought huge profits to capitalists, so a consortium was willing to provide him with financial assistance. After thousands of failures, in April of 1879, he improved the rod-shaped and tubular lamps of his predecessors and made a glass ball. 1879 10 2 1 He fixed a carbon-treated cotton thread in a glass bulb, pumped out the air, sealed the mouth, applied current to make it glow, and a new lighting object appeared.
From 1880 to 1882, Edison designed light sockets, buttons, fuses, current breakers, electric meters, chandeliers, and also designed main line and branch line systems, making the world's largest generator at that time, establishing the first power plant in new york and opening up the first civil lighting system. Later, he and George
The story of Edison inventing the electric light. 500 words.
Edison was a great inventor. He made more than 2000 inventions in his life. Among all his inventions, electric light has a far-reaching influence on mankind. 1879, Edison invented the first electric lamp, ending the era of candles and oil lamps, and mankind entered the "bright age" from then on.
The appearance of electric light has gone through a long process. At first, scientists invented the arc lamp. This kind of lamp uses carbon rod as filament, which emits dazzling light, consumes a lot of electricity, has a short life and is expensive, so it is not suitable for popularization. Edison summed up the achievements of other scientists and decided to invent a soft and durable electric lamp.
The filament is the key to the light bulb. Edison tested 1600 kinds of heat-resistant luminescent materials one by one, using carbon strips and metal wires as filaments successively, and the results were not satisfactory. Finally, he decided to try it with carbonized cotton silk. Edison sprinkled carbon powder on a piece of cotton silk, treated it at high temperature, made it into a filament, and then put it into a light bulb. Then he pumped the air out of the light bulb and carefully sealed his mouth.
After the preparatory work is completed, the power supply is turned on, and the light bulb emits golden light, illuminating the whole laboratory. How long will the light bulb stay on? Everyone is worried about this problem. The experimental results show that the filament is burnt out after 45 hours. Everyone cheered excitedly! The unremitting efforts have finally paid off.
However, Edison was not satisfied with his achievements. He successively tested more than 6,000 kinds of plant fibers, and finally chose tough and slender bamboo filament as the filament. Edison carbonized bamboo filaments at high temperature and then put them into a light bulb. On the original basis, the vacuum degree of the bulb is improved, and the bulb can continuously illuminate 1200 hours. After Edison, scientists used tungsten wire instead of bamboo wire and injected special gas into the bulb, which extended the life of the bulb again.
The invention of electric light made the world more colorful.
The common electric light today is the result of Edison's thousands of experiments. If we want to make a difference, we should not give up our goals because of several failures, nor should we be complacent about small achievements.
The story of Edison inventing the electric light! !
1 "King of Invention" Edison
Telegraph, telephone and electric light are so common and common in today's advanced technology that no one will be surprised. But do you know how important these things were to people at that time and how ecstatic they were? Humans thus remembered their inventor-Edison.
Edison, known as the "King of Invention", is a famous American scientist and inventor. In his life, there were 1328 inventions registered in the patent office alone. How can a person who has only studied for three months have so many inventions? I think, if you have heard the story of "Edison incubating chickens", you will understand that his success stems from strong curiosity.
1847, Edison was born in a merchant family in Milan, Ohio, USA. Edison showed great curiosity when he was very young. Whenever he sees something he doesn't understand, he grabs the adult's skirts and keeps asking questions, insisting on asking ugly questions.
One day, he pointed to the hen that was hatching eggs and asked his mother, "What is the hen doing sitting under the egg?" Mother said, "Oh, that's a chicken!" " "In the afternoon, Edison suddenly disappeared, and the family was anxious to look around and finally found him in the henhouse. It turned out that he was squatting in the chicken coop, and * * * put down a lot of eggs to hatch chickens! When his parents saw it, they were so distressed that they had to pull him out and wash his face and clothes. Another time, when he saw birds flying freely in the sky, he thought: Since birds can fly, why can't people fly? So, he found a kind of powder for his friends to eat, in order to let them fly into the sky. As a result, the little friend almost died, and Edison was severely beaten by his father.
Finally, Eddie grew up to 8 years old, and his parents sent him to a rural primary school, thinking that he could go to school safely from now on. Who knows, he still loves to get to the bottom of it, and often asks the teacher dumbfounded and embarrassed. Once in an arithmetic class, the teacher wrote "2+2=4" on the blackboard. Edison immediately stood up and asked, "Teacher, why is 2 plus 2 equal to 4?" This question puzzled the teacher. He thinks Edison is a troublemaker and always disagrees with his teacher. So Edison attended classes for three months and was driven home by the teacher.
Edison's mother is a great mother. She didn't blame her only son for being driven back. Instead, he decided to educate the child himself. When she found Edison curious and particularly interested in physics and chemistry, she bought him books about physics and chemistry experiments. Edison started the experiment on his own according to books. It can be said that this is Edison's enlightenment education in scientific inventions.
When he grew up, Edison learned radio transmitting and receiving technology. He got a job as a night shift operator at Stratford Railway Sub-bureau. According to the regulations, the night shift operator must send a signal to the train service director every hour after 9 pm, no matter what happens. In order to have a good rest at night and study and invent during the day, Edison designed a telegraph that can automatically send signals on time. This is the prototype of the telegram.
Soon after, he improved the telegraph. After many tests, a new type of telegraph was successfully trial-produced. Edison looked at the machine he invented and smiled with relief.
It should be said that every invention of Edison is closely related to his curiosity. After inventing the telegraph, he began to do telephone experiments. He found that the diaphragm in the microphone could vibrate with the sound, so he observed it carefully and made a detailed record in his notebook. Thus, a "talking machine" was made. When people heard the news, they all came to watch and called him "the greatest inventor". Therefore, curiosity is a prerequisite for a person to succeed and show his wisdom.
Not only famous scientists need curiosity, but we ordinary people also need curiosity to learn knowledge and achieve something. 199 1 In July, Guangming Daily Science and Technology Department conducted a questionnaire survey on 1 18 middle school students who won the National Youth Science and Technology Invention Competition. In the column of "Your main psychological characteristics", 92% of the students wrote "Strong curiosity". He Ji, a teenager from No.1 Middle School in Daoxian County, Lingling District, Hunan Province, couldn't help wondering when he went to the henhouse to get eggs one day: How can eggs be big or small? Is the big head first out of the matrix or the small head first out of the matrix In order to find out this problem, he rushed home immediately after school every day, squatted by the chicken shed and observed quietly, sometimes even forgot to eat dinner. After more than two months, He Qi finally found that the egg came out first. To this end, he wrote a paper, which was praised by many biologists. His discovery is actually a new discovery that has not been recorded in bird literature.
Being a talent requires curiosity, but being curious doesn't mean that you will become a talent. If you want to achieve something, you still need to work hard. Curiosity is like a seed. Without it, a towering tree cannot grow, and people without curiosity cannot invent or create anything. After the seeds are sown in black soil, they will gradually break through the soil and grow into pillars through watering and cultivation. With curiosity, sweat and hard work, you will certainly become a useful talent. Dr. Li Zhengdao, a famous contemporary physicist, said: "Curiosity is very important, and curiosity is indispensable for science. The reason is very simple. Only curiosity can ask questions and solve problems. The terrible thing is that you won't ask questions and take the first step. " Because curiosity is so important, many people call it the first virtue of successful people. For an ambitious and eager teenager, curiosity is the most precious thing.
Edison is a world-famous inventor. He is an American. When I was a child, I only went to school for three months because my family was poor. When he was eleven or twelve, he began to sell newspapers. He loves science and often saves money to buy science books, newspapers and chemicals. The instruments he used in the experiment were bottles and cans picked out of the garbage.
When Edison 12 years old, he sold newspapers on the train. There is a special compartment on the train for passengers to smoke, and the conductor agrees that he will occupy a corner there. He moved chemicals and bottles and cans there. After selling newspapers, he did all kinds of interesting experiments.
Once, a bottle of white phosphorus was knocked down by a sudden vibration while the train was running. Phosphorus burns when it comes into contact with air. Many people came to put out the fire with Edison. The conductor was so angry that he threw all Edison's experiments out and slapped him hard that he was deaf in one ear.
Edison's determination to study science never wavered. He scrimped and saved, and started the chemical experiment again.
On one occasion, sulfuric acid burned his clothes; On another occasion, nitric acid almost blinded his eyes.
Undaunted by the danger, he still stubbornly did the experiment.
Edison did many experiments to find a filament with low price and long life. He often works in the laboratory for dozens of hours, so tired that he lies on the experimental platform and sleeps for a while. He made unremitting efforts and finally found a suitable filament and invented the electric light. Later, Edison invented movies and phonographs ... he had 65438+ inventions in his life.
Edison devoted all his life energy to the great cause of benefiting all mankind; I never think too much about clothes.
When he was a poor boy, one day, he met a friend in the street of new york.
"Look at the coat you are wearing. It's broken like this You should buy yourself a new coat! " The friend said.
"Need it to be? Nobody knows me in new york. " Edison answered indifferently.
A few years later, Edison became a great inventor. Once, he met that friend again in the street of new york.
"Ah, Mr. Edison!" The friend exclaimed, "I have to change a new coat this time anyway!" "
"Need it to be? Edison nonchalantly replied, "People here already know me. "
three
"Waste, the biggest waste is wasting time." Edison often said to his assistant. "Life is short, so we should try to do more with less time."
One day, Edison was working in the laboratory. He handed his assistant an empty glass bulb without a lampholder and said, "Measure the capacity of the bulb." He bowed his head to work again.
After a long time, he asked, "What's the capacity?" He didn't hear the answer, turned to see the assistant measuring the circumference and inclination of the light bulb with a soft ruler, and poured the measured figures on the table for calculation. He said, "Time, time, why does it take so much time?" Edison came over, picked up the empty light bulb, filled it with water, handed it to his assistant, and said, "Pour the water into the measuring cup and tell me its capacity at once."
The assistant read out the numbers at once.
Edison said, "How easy it is to measure. It is accurate and saves time. Why didn't you think of that? " ? Still counting. Isn't that a waste of time? "
help
The story about Edison's invention of electric light.
Edison, a great inventor, invented many things in his life. However, only electric lights can be warmly welcomed by people immediately. Because the benefits of electric light are tangible. Its appearance means that people have another sun, and people's activities are no longer limited by night objects.
As early as 182 1, British scientists David and Faraday invented an electric lamp called an arc lamp. This kind of electric lamp uses carbon rods as filaments. Although it can emit light, it is dazzling, consumes a lot of electricity, has a short life and is not practical.
"Arc lamps are not practical. I must invent an electric lamp with soft light, which can be used by thousands of households." Edison made up his mind. So, he began to experiment with this material as a filament: using traditional carbon ribbon as a filament, the filament broke as soon as it was electrified. Ruthenium, chromium and other metals are used as filaments. After being electrified, it will burn out at one o'clock. Using platinum wire as filament has negligible effect. In this way, Edison experimented with 1600 kinds of materials. After repeated trials and failures, many experts believe that the future of electric light is bleak. Some famous British experts even ridiculed Edison's research as "meaningless". Some reporters also reported: "Edison's ideal has been shattered."
Edison didn't flinch in the face of failure and some people's cynicism. He understands that every failure means a step closer to success. Once, Edison's old friend Mackenzie visited him. Edison looked at Mackenzie's long beard as he spoke, and suddenly his eyes lit up and said, "Mr. Beard, I want to use your beard." Mackenzie cut a lock and gave it to Addison. Edison confidently selected a few thick beards, carbonized them and put them in the light bulb. Unfortunately, the test results are not ideal. "Then try it with my hair, maybe it's ok." Mackenzie said.
Edison was deeply moved by the spirit of his old friend, but he knew that hair and beard were the same, so he didn't take the old man's advice. Edison left to see the kind old man off. He helped the old man flatten the cotton-padded clothes he was wearing. Suddenly, he shouted again, "Cotton thread, why not try cotton thread?"
Mackenzie unbuttoned his coat without hesitation, tore off a piece of cotton cloth and handed it to Edison. Edison put the cotton thread in a U-shaped closed crucible and treated it at high temperature. Edison clamped the carbonized cotton thread with tweezers. Get ready to put it in the light bulb. However, because the carbonized cotton thread was thin and brittle, and Edison was too nervous, his hands with tweezers trembled slightly, and the cotton thread was cut off. Finally, Edison managed to put a carbonized cotton thread into the light bulb.
When night fell, Edison's assistant pumped the air out of the bulb and put it on the lamp holder. Everything is ready, and everyone waits for the result quietly. When the power is turned on, the light bulb emits golden light, which illuminates the whole laboratory. After 13 months' efforts, we tried more than 6,000 kinds of materials for more than 7,000 times, and finally made a breakthrough.
But how long will this light energy last? 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours ... The lamp was on for 45 hours before the filament burned out. This is the first electric lamp with practical value. This day-1879101October 2 1 day was later designated as the electric light invention day.
"45 hours is still too short, and its life must be extended to hundreds or even thousands of hours." Edison did not revel in the joy of success, but put forward higher requirements for himself.
One hot day, he took a bamboo fan from the table and thought about it while fanning it. "Maybe a thousand pieces of bamboo wire will have a better effect after carbonization." Edison just wanted to try everything he saw. The test results show that the bamboo filament is very effective, the filament is durable, and the bulb can be lit for 1200 hours.
After further experiments, Edison found that it was the best to use carbonized Japanese bamboo filament as filament. So he began to mass-produce electric lights. He installed the first light bulbs on the research ship "Garnett" so that researchers could have more working hours. Since then, electric lights have been used in ordinary people's homes.
Later, people have been using this kind of light bulb with bamboo filaments. After decades, it was improved, that is, tungsten wire was used as the filament, and inert gas nitrogen or argon was filled into the bulb. In this way, the life of the light bulb is prolonged a lot. This is the light bulb we use now.
The whole story of Edison's invention of electric light.
As early as 182 1, British scientists David and Faraday invented an electric lamp called an arc lamp. This kind of electric lamp uses carbon rods as filaments. Although it can emit light, it is dazzling, consumes a lot of electricity, has a short life and is not practical. So Edison secretly made up his mind: "Arc lamp is not practical, so I must invent an electric lamp with soft light so that every household can use it."
His experiment started with the material of the filament: the traditional carbon ribbon was used as the filament, and the filament broke when it was electrified. Ruthenium, chromium and other metals are used as filaments. After being electrified, it will burn out at one o'clock. Using platinum wire as filament is not ideal. In this way, Edison experimented with 1600 kinds of materials. After repeated trials and failures, many experts believe that the future of electric light is bleak. Some famous British experts even ridiculed Edison's research as "meaningless". Some reporters also reported: "Edison's ideal has become a bubble." Edison didn't flinch in the face of failure and everyone's cynicism. He understands that failure is the mother of success, and every failure means a step closer to success.
1879 10, Edison's old friend Mackenzie visited him by chance. Edison looked at Mackenzie's long beard as he spoke, and suddenly his eyes lit up and said, "Mr. Beard, I want to use your beard." Mackenzie cut a lock and gave it to Edison. Edison confidently selected a few thick beards, carbonized them and put them in the light bulb. Unfortunately, the test results are not ideal. "Then try it with my hair, maybe it's ok." Mackenzie said. This sentence deeply touched Edison, but he knew that hair and beard were the same, so he didn't take the old man's advice. Edison left to see the kind old man off. He helped the old man flatten the cotton-padded clothes he was wearing. Suddenly, he shouted again, "Cotton thread, why not try cotton thread?"
Mackenzie unbuttoned his coat without hesitation, tore off a piece of cotton cloth and handed it to Edison. Edison put the cotton thread in a U-shaped closed crucible and treated it at high temperature. Edison clamped the carbonized cotton thread with tweezers. Get ready to put it in the light bulb. However, because the carbonized cotton thread was thin and brittle, and Edison was too nervous, his hands with tweezers trembled slightly, and the cotton thread was cut off. Finally, Edison managed to put a carbonized cotton thread into the light bulb. When night fell, Edison's assistant pumped the air out of the light bulb and put it on the lamp holder. Everything is ready, and everyone is quietly waiting for the result. When the power is turned on, the light bulb emits golden light, which illuminates the whole laboratory. After 13 months' efforts, we tried more than 6,000 kinds of materials for more than 7,000 times, and finally made a breakthrough.
The story of "Lu" Edison inventing the electric light bulb
The background is the lights at night, and the very complicated human conquest is a great invention. Before19th century, people used oil lamps and candles. Although it was broken overnight, it was not completely liberated from the darkness and restricted human beings. Only with the birth of the generator, only human beings can make all kinds of different lights to make the world shine. Turn night into day, expand the range of human activities and win more time to create wealth and serve the society. illuminate
Really invented the electric light and made the American inventor Edison. He is the child of a railway worker. He dropped out of school before finishing primary school and sold newspapers on the train for a living. Edison is a very diligent man. He likes to do all kinds of experiments and make many exquisite machines. He was particularly interested in household appliances, because Faraday invented the motor, and Edison was determined to make lamps and create light for mankind.
Edison Chen summed up the failure experience of lamp manufacturing in the past, made a detailed test plan, and conducted the test in two aspects: first, classified tests were conducted on 1600 different heat-resistant materials; The second is to improve the exhaust equipment with high vacuum. He is also a generator and circuit, which is used to study the new shunt system.
Edison Chen has successively tested 1600 thermoluminescence materials. In addition to the good linear energy of platinum, the price of platinum is staggering, and more suitable materials must be found to replace it. 1879, Edison finally decided to put carbon fiber after many experiments. He bent the full-length charcoal of cotton Sass into a horseshoe shape, put it in a crucible to heat it, made it into a filament bulb, then took it out to suck air and used it continuously for 45 hours under bright light to escape. In this way, the world's first carbon filament incandescent lamp came out. 1879 On New Year's Eve, the street lamp where Edison Electric Company is located is in Menlo Park.
In order to develop lamps, Edison Chen often works in the laboratory for more than ten hours every day, sometimes testing for several days. When carbon fiber yarn was invented, he tried several series of more than 6,000 kinds of plant fibers. Finally, the selected bamboo was sealed with a high-temperature incinerator, and the carbonized bamboo was put into the bulb, which improved the vacuum degree of the bulb again and actually turned on the light for 65,438+0,200 hours. The invention of the light bulb was made in three days, 12%.
After Edison, 1909, the United States invented carbon tungsten instead of making the efficiency of lamps soar. Since then, lamps have reached a new level, and lamps such as fluorescent lamps and tungsten lamp have mushroomed on the lighting stage.
Lighting turns darkness into light and makes the world more dazzling and colorful.
Did something happen to you, writing a paper and ferrying?
Edison invented the light bulb,
British scientists David and Faraday invented the arc lamp. This kind of electric lamp uses carbon rods as filaments. Although it can emit light, it is dazzling, consumes a lot of electricity and is not practical. So Edison secretly made up his mind: "We must invent an electric light with soft light so that every household can use it."
He began to study filament materials: from traditional carbon ribbon to ruthenium, chromium, platinum and so on. In this way, Edison experimented with 1600 kinds of materials, but in the face of repeated failures in the experiment, Edison did not flinch. He firmly believes that failure is the mother of success.
1879 10 by chance, Edison tried to put a carbonized cotton thread into the light bulb. When the power is turned on, the light bulb glows golden and illuminates the whole laboratory. After 13 months of hard work, he tried more than 6,000 kinds of materials, more than 7,000 times, and finally made a breakthrough.
The lamp was on for 45 hours before the filament burned out. This is the first electric lamp with practical value. Later, 1879, 10 and 2 1 were designated as the invention days of electric lamps, which marked the birth of usable electric lamps.
But Edison was not satisfied. He wants to extend the life of the light bulb. Later, he tried to use carbonized bamboo filament as filament. The experimental results show that the effect of using bamboo filament is very good, the filament is durable and the bulb can be lit for 1200 hours. So electric lights began to be mass-produced, and from then on, electric lights began to enter the homes of ordinary people.
(7) The story of Edison's invention of the light bulb was extended to 600 words.
1929101October 2 1 day is the 50th anniversary of the invention of electric light. People held a celebration for Edison, and scientists such as Albert Einstein of Germany and Marie Curie of France came to congratulate him.
Unfortunately, at this celebration, when Edison gave a speech, he suddenly fainted due to excessive excitement and his health went from bad to worse. 193 1 August 1, Edison felt unwell. The doctor diagnosed him with chronic nephritis, uremia and diabetes.
The story of Edison's invention of electric light is very short.
Electric lamp-the messenger of light
/kloc-at the beginning of the 0/9th century, people began to use gas lamps, but gas was supplied by pipelines. Once it is leaked or blocked, it is very prone to accidents, and people are very eager for the reform of lighting. In fact, Edison set himself an impossible task: in addition to improving lighting, he must also create a power supply system.
So he and his partners in Romon Garden worked tirelessly on heat-resistant materials and more than 600 kinds of plant fibers for more than 65,438+0,600 times before making the first carbon filament light bulb, which can burn for 45 hours at a time. Later, he constantly improved the manufacturing method on this basis, and finally introduced a bamboo filament light bulb that can ignite 1200 hours.
(8) The story of Edison's invention of the light bulb was expanded to 600 words.
Growth stage
Telegraph profession
1862 One day in August, Edison saved a boy on the train track. The boy's father was Mackenzie, the stationmaster of this railway station. He was very grateful for this and taught Edison the telegraph technology. Under the guidance of Mackenzie, Edison learned the telegraph technology and sent his first telegram.
1863, Edison was introduced by Mackenzie as a telecom operator in Stratford Hub Station, but he was soon dismissed.
During the period from 1864 to 1867, Edison worked as a telegraph operator in the United States and lived an insecure vagrant life. During this period, Edison changed ten workplaces, was fired five times, and resigned five times by himself, and traveled all over Stratford, Adrian, fort wayne, Indianapolis, Cincinnati, Nashville, Tennessee and Memphis.