What is the reason why the tanker emits black smoke?

Answer: I want to know whether the diesel car emits black smoke when it breaks down or the gasoline car emits black smoke when it works. This problem can be understood as follows: whether it is a diesel car or a gasoline car, the black smoke from it indicates that the engine is not fully burned when working. In the past, gasoline vehicles (carburetor fuel supply system) also smoked black smoke, but now most of the gasoline vehicles you see are EFI engines (computer-controlled fuel injection fuel supply system). This system can supply the engine with proper concentration and mixture at all times in the process of engine operation, and with proper ignition advance angle, the engine can burn fully, so the gasoline vehicle you see now does not emit black smoke. However, most of the mechanically controlled fuel supply systems you see on diesel vehicles (that is, the high-pressure oil pump is controlled by the centrifugal governor) can't accurately supply fuel to the engine, that is, it can't provide the engine with proper concentration and quantity of mixed gas under all working conditions of the engine, and the fuel supply time (fuel supply advance angle) is also inaccurate, so the engine is prone to emit black smoke when working, especially when starting and under heavy load.

At present, electronically controlled diesel engines (especially high-pressure rail electronically controlled engines) basically do not emit black smoke when working. This kind of engine not only has accurate fuel supply and accurate fuel supply advance angle, but also improves the corresponding fuel injection pressure and compression ratio. Therefore, smoking is not a patent for diesel vehicles. Strictly speaking, whether a vehicle smokes at work has nothing to do with burning diesel or gasoline.

Short stirring time? B high compression ratio? Excess air coefficient is too high.

The reason why the diesel engine emits black smoke is that the fuel injected into the cylinder of the diesel engine is partially pyrolyzed and dehydrogenated into solid particles with carbon as the main component under the condition of high temperature and lack of oxygen during combustion. It is the product of incomplete combustion. Generally expressed by smoke, the unit is BSU (Bosch). Therefore, whether it is the fuel system, the combustion system, or the intake and exhaust system, all factors that affect the completeness of combustion will cause black smoke.

① The fuel injector has poor atomization, and the oil particles are uneven or too large, so it can't mix well with air. In some areas, it lacks oxygen when burning and cracks at high temperature, producing black smoke. The test shows that when one cylinder is poorly atomized, although the fuel consumption only increases by 0. 1%, the smoke can reach 4BSU.

② Abnormal injection of fuel injector (including secondary injection, alternate injection, multiple injection or dripping) will make fuel continue to be injected into the cylinder after it catches fire. This part of the fuel burns at high temperature and lack of oxygen, which is easy to produce black smoke.

(3) The excessive oil supply of individual cylinders or the overload of diesel engines cause too much fuel in the cylinders, insufficient air, and lack of oxygen in combustion, resulting in black smoke.

④ The quality of diesel oil does not meet the requirements, especially the cetane number is too low, which makes the ignition performance of diesel engine worse and the ignition lag period longer, leading to black smoke.

⑤ The deformation of the inner hole of high-pressure tubing will lead to the change of tubing circulation capacity and tubing pressure, which will lead to the secondary injection of the injector and affect the atomization quality; The plunger of the fuel injection pump is seriously worn, and the wear of the oil outlet valve reduces the pressure of the oil pipe and deteriorates the atomization quality of the fuel injector. All these make the fuel burn incompletely, local high temperature and lack of oxygen, resulting in black smoke.

⑥ There are certain requirements for the injector of diesel engine to extend out of the cylinder head plane. When there is an error in the process of assembling and disassembling the gasket, the distance from the oil head to the plane of the cylinder head will be too large or too small, so that the sprayed mist can not be well matched with the shape of the combustion chamber, or sprayed on the wall of the combustion chamber or the lower plane of the cylinder head, resulting in poor contact between local fuel and air and poor mixing, resulting in local high temperature and lack of oxygen to produce black smoke.

⑦ An important condition of diesel engine combustion is that the cylinder should have a certain compression pressure and compression temperature. When the piston ring seal is poor and the valve seal is poor, the compression pressure in the cylinder is insufficient, resulting in insufficient combustion and black smoke.

⑧ The function of the ventilation system of diesel engine is to supply fresh air to the diesel engine regularly and quantitatively according to the working condition of the diesel engine, and to discharge exhaust gas. When the failure of air filter, compressor, intercooler, exhaust muffler and supercharger leads to insufficient intake pressure, the air entering the cylinder of diesel engine is insufficient, resulting in insufficient air during combustion, high temperature hypoxia and black smoke.

Pet-name ruby gas distribution phase is wrong, which easily leads to insufficient intake and poor exhaust of diesel engine, and also changes the intake and exhaust law, thus affecting the normal ventilation and combustion of diesel engine and causing black smoke.