Smart watches are detected by heart rate band and optical heart rate.
when myocardial cells are at rest, there is a potential difference between the two sides of the myocardial cell membrane, which is formed by the concentration difference of positive and negative ions. With the beating of the heart, the potential difference of myocardial cells changes rapidly to zero. This process is called depolarization, during which a slight voltage change will occur.
The principle of optical heart rate is called "Photoplethysmography (PPG)", which is a technique to measure pulse in an optical way.
Introduction
Simply put-the electrode pads located on both sides of the chest band (heart rate band) will be responsible for capturing the tiny electrical changes on the skin surface when the heart beats, and these small changes will be sent to the heart rate meter and converted into the heart rate we see at present.
the blood flow in the artery will also change periodically with the contraction and relaxation of the heart. When contracting, heme has a high density and will absorb more green light; At diastole, the density of heme is low and it reflects more green light.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Heart Rate Table
An "electrocardiogram" should be installed in an Apple watch! You can measure your blood pressure and blood sugar as soon as you touch your hands.
Author JimmyMa
Source of Extreme Fruit Editorial Department
These days, many friends may have brushed such a news. Is the ECG function of AppleWatch coming? ! # News of Digital Technology #
According to a document released by National Medical Products Administration, Apple has obtained an approval for "mobile ECG atrial fibrillation prompt software".
Although it is not explicitly stated in the document, it is basically guessed by everyone. This refers to the electrocardiogram (ECG) function of AppleWatch.
In fact, all three AppleWatch4 from the 4th generation (except SE) support this function, but it is only available in some countries and regions. What can this function do? Is it reliable? Future smart watches can even measure blood pressure and blood sugar? ! Ji Guojun will introduce this knowledge to your friends.
actually, it's not a new function to measure the heartbeat with a watch or bracelet. Take AppleWatch as an example, measuring heart rate depends on "light".
adopt the "light volume description method" (PPG)-in short, this method is to measure the blood circulation through light, so as to judge the heartbeat.
Blood is red, which absorbs green light. The green LED light on the watch emits green light. The sensor judges the blood flow by measuring how much green light is returned. When the heart beats, the blood flow will increase accordingly, so the heart rate is measured.
But usually, the watch doesn't always emit green light to measure the heart rate. More often, it uses infrared light to measure the heart rate every ten minutes or so. When it is difficult for infrared light to obtain more accurate results, the green LED will be used.
Therefore, the watch only measures the heart rate by "light". You must use it to measure something else, and there may be "readings". Of course, it is of little reference value, such as this "tachycardia" banana.
By measuring heart rate, we can prompt the speed of heart rate and detect arrhythmia.
however, since apple watch 4 (except se), the ECG function has been added.
to understand its working principle, we must first know the principle of electrocardiogram. Simply put, every time the heart beats, the depolarization of myocardial cells will cause a small electrical change on the skin surface. If two electrodes are placed on either side of the heart, a small voltage change between the two electrodes can be recorded during this process and displayed on ECG paper or monitor.
friends who have been to the hospital for ECG know that a complete ECG needs to be measured by placing multiple electrodes on the wrist, ankle and chest. Why do you need to bring so many "sensors"?
Generally speaking, the standard ECG is composed of "12 leads", which means that the electrodes attached to the body can form 12 groups of circuits, and 12 groups of ECG can be observed, so it is necessary to place 1 electrodes on the body to "observe" the heart from multiple directions.
schematic diagram of the location of p>12 leads and 1 electrodes
In addition, there are usually "3 leads" and "5 leads" ECG instruments, which are used according to different use requirements.
however, the ECG function of AppleWatch can only measure "single lead" ECG, that is, lead ⅰ composed of left arm and right arm. When using a watch to measure ECG, it is necessary to put the finger of the hand that does not wear the watch on the crown to form a loop.
ECG measured by Ji Guojun with AppleWatch
If you put AppleWatch in other parts of the body to measure ECG, you can theoretically get the test results of lead II and lead III to detect the heart from more angles, but this usage has not been officially confirmed by Apple, so Apple will not be responsible for the results of the other two usages, but experiments have proved that the results obtained by this method are reliable.
At present, although the ECG function has been approved, it has not been put into use yet, and friends who want to experience it still need to wait. Although some e-commerce platforms provide services to help open this function, there are certain account security risks, so it is better not to try it easily.
By measuring electrocardiogram with a watch, the occurrence of atrial fibrillation can be found to some extent. However, it must be noted that it is not omnipotent.
The lead I just mentioned mainly observes the high lateral wall of the heart. Therefore, when there is a problem in other parts of the heart, it may be difficult to find the problem only by looking at the ECG from this angle.
therefore, AppleWatch is not suitable for people who already have heart disease for daily monitoring. Hundreds of portable ECG detectors on the market all have three leads (equivalent to observing the heart from multiple directions). After all, there are specialties in the industry, and AppleWatch is not a special thing for measuring ECG.
A portable ECG monitoring device
But the ECG function of AppleWatch is totally useless? No, it can pass the certification of many countries and regions, which shows that it still has certain reference value. AppleWatch can effectively find heart problems such as atrial fibrillation by detecting ECG. It has also been reported that some people found heart problems by using the ECG function of Apple Watch and treated them in time to save their lives.
foreign media reported that a woman's husband found atrial fibrillation through AppleWatch and treated it in time
A study published by JAMA)22 showed that the accuracy of smart watches in correctly recording heart attacks was 9%. Therefore, what is the correct usage of such products?
If you have a heart disease, what you need to do is simple-see a doctor, not rely on a watch. It is your only choice to listen to the doctor's advice and buy more professional medical equipment.
If you are only a person with high health awareness and always pay attention to your health, then smart watches on the market are more suitable. Like "insurance", such products can find your possible heart health problems with a certain probability and give you an early warning.
Many heart problems are hard to attract people's attention at ordinary times, and once they occur, the consequences are also very serious. At this year's European Cup, Eriksson, the core player of the Danish team, suddenly fell to the ground in the game because of a sudden heart problem. Fortunately, he was rescued in time, and now it is no big deal.
selfie posted by Eriksson on social platforms
Of course, remember to see a doctor in time if you have any questions. Don't rely on a small smart watch. It can only remind you that you have to see a doctor! What else can AppleWatch do in the future? Blood pressure or even blood sugar?
what other health functions can p>AppleWatch have? One of Apple's patents is "eye-catching".
We usually need a process of inflation and deflation when measuring blood pressure. If we copy it to a smart watch, it will have a great impact on the size, battery life and even appearance of the watch.
However, an Apple patent entitled "Monitoring Blood Pressure with Multifunctional Wrist-worn Device" shows that only three sets of electrodes on the wrist-worn device can sense the pulse electrical signal of left ventricular contraction, and the value of blood pressure can be determined based on time.
The greater breakthrough of this technology is that it is simple and convenient to continuously monitor blood pressure. If it can be continuously monitored, all the home blood pressure instruments on the market may be "unemployed".
If blood pressure measurement is not so powerful, then the function of blood sugar measurement is even more "divine". Generally speaking, it is very troublesome and painful to measure blood sugar, especially for diabetic patients who need to monitor blood sugar for a long time. It is really a nightmare.
Apple's patent on blood sugar monitoring shows that blood vessels are "irradiated" by "terahertz electromagnetic radiation", and the blood sugar value is detected by measuring the absorbed amount.
Patent schematic diagram of measuring blood sugar by terahertz electromagnetic radiation
In addition, it is also possible to monitor the blood sugar value by using near infrared light, and the blood sugar concentration will affect the absorption of light and the optical path. At present, relevant research is also going on, and many smart watches except AppleWatch intend to add related functions.
Unfortunately, blood pressure or blood sugar function may not come so quickly. The readings of these two measured values must be accurate, and if the deviation is too large, it may affect the patient's control of drug dosage. For example, excessive intake of insulin leads to hypoglycemia.
at present, what changes will happen to the new generation of AppleWatch that is expected to be released this autumn? In terms of appearance, it is predicted that the square corner design of iPhone12 series may be adopted. Which one do friends think is better?
In terms of battery life, performance optimization will further reduce energy consumption. It is estimated that the battery life will be extended from the current 18 hours to about 2 hours, but it is still a bit difficult to charge every two days.
In terms of health functions, it can be said that AppleWatch is doing better at present, and smart watches from other manufacturers are also catching up. Which function do the friends most expect?
compared with other versions, Huawei watchGT2proECG has an extra bump on the right side of the case, which is used for ECG detection.
To use it, the user reaches out the finger of the hand opposite to wearing the watch and touches this bump. After 3 seconds, an electrocardiogram will be generated, and the related data map will be viewed in the "Healthy Exercise" app of the mobile phone.
how does Huawei watchgt2e measure heart rate
compared with mobile phones, the most prominent features of smart watches and smart bracelets are exercise mode and health monitoring function, and heart rate monitoring is the standard function of wearable devices. How does Huawei watchgt2e measure heart rate?
how does Huawei watchgt2e measure heart rate?
1. Click to enter the watch details page in HUAWEI Health APP, and click Health Monitoring.
2. Click to continuously measure the heart rate.
3. Turn on the switch on the right side of continuous heart rate measurement.
this paper takes Huawei WATCHGT2e Huawei p4 as an example, which is suitable for HarmonyOS2. HUAWEI Health V11..5 version
How to measure the heart rate of smart watches
Introduction: There are many brands of smart watches, but it is always no big problem to follow the instructions. Here I will take the millet I used as an example.
__ How to measure the heart rate of a smart watch
Charge the bracelet first, which is enough for this operation. Some bracelets may be bought without electricity.
download a sports app of this brand on your mobile phone, and there will usually be a QR code in the manual. For example, Xiaomi's bracelet is Xiaomi's movement, which is probably so aunt.
register an account with your mobile phone number.
after registering, log in, then click "My", and then press and hold the button on the bracelet to connect the phone with the bracelet according to the prompt.
Find the heart rate in the "Settings" in the upper right corner to measure or touch the button on the loop to enter the heart rate measurement.
in this way, you can check the previous records and monitor the changes of heart rate through the mobile app.
how to measure the resting heart rate of Huawei watches
turn on the heart rate measurement
1. After wearing the watch normally, turn on the heart rate App of the watch and the green light behind the watch will turn on automatically. In order to ensure the accuracy of heart rate measurement, it is recommended that you avoid the protruding parts of bones when wearing the watch, avoid the strap being tied too loosely, and ensure that the back of the watch is close to the wrist;
2. You can see your real-time heart rate in the Watch Heart Rate App.
note: when you use it for the first time, the automatic heart rate measurement is turned on by default, and the watch will measure your real-time heart rate all day. If you don't want to use this function, while the watch is connected to the mobile phone, enter the "Health App Management More Sports Health Settings" on the mobile phone and close it. Resting heart rate measurement
Resting heart rate refers to the heart rate measured in a quiet, awake and inactive state, which represents the health of heart rate to some extent. The watch will automatically get the resting heart rate value after monitoring that you are in a quiet state. If you are not in a quiet state or wearing a watch, you will not be able to get the resting heart rate. Early warning of high heart rate
When the heart rate continues to be too high, the watch will pop up a notice warning, mainly in the following two warning states:
1. Daily heart rate early warning means that when the watch monitors that your heart rate exceeds the set upper limit of heart rate for 1 minutes (the default upper limit is 12 beats/minute), it will pop up a notice reminder;
2. Early warning of exercise heart rate means that when your real-time heart rate value exceeds your maximum heart rate value (default is 22- your age), a reminder will pop up.
Note: The upper limit of heart rate can be set in "Health App Manage More Sports Health Settings" on the mobile phone. Check the heart rate
1. The current heart rate data can be viewed in the watch heart rate App, and you can know the current real-time heart rate, average heart rate, resting heart rate and maximum/minimum heart rate;
2. When the watch and the mobile phone are connected, the heart rate measurement records will be automatically synchronized to the mobile phone health App. Click the heart rate card on the health page to view more historical data, which are counted by day, week, month and year respectively.