1. Land preparation: Due to the long growth period, large roots and deep penetration of the soil, the planting land requires deep plowing and deep plowing during the winter slack. After the topsoil is dry, apply 2500-4000 RMB of decomposed organic fertilizer per acre. kilograms, rake evenly, and form a high border with a width of 1.2 meters (including ditch).
2. Planting: From mid-to-late April to early May, use the double row method in each field to open two 8 cm planting trenches in each field, and then sprinkle lime into the planting trenches to prevent To prevent underground pests, arrange the seed potatoes at a distance of 33-40 cm between plants. Pay attention to placing the cut side of the potato pieces downwards and the skin side facing east (the direction of the rising sun). Then cover the soil with soil and create ridges with a height of about 10 cm. Seedlings will emerge more quickly if they are not germinated. It is slow, but it takes root first and then sprouts. The root system is developed and the growth is strong.
3. Set up a frame to attract vines, fix the seedlings and remove the buds. When the seedlings grow to 25-30 centimeters, use 2-meter-long small miscellaneous trees to be inserted straight into an independent frame or use small mangosteens to insert into a human frame and support the stems and vines on the frame. Only one strong seedling is left in each bunch, and all the others are removed. If the stems and vines grow too much and there are too many axillary buds, they should be removed. In July, the remaining flower buds that grow in the leaf axils should be wiped out in time, except for the strong remaining seeds, to reduce nutrient consumption and facilitate tuber hypertrophy.
4. Cultivating and cultivating the soil. The stems of potato have many roots and are mostly distributed on the surface. To avoid damaging the roots, they only need to be cultivated once during the seedling stage and sprinkle camellia oleifera shells between the stems. Camellia oleifera shell is a good fertilizer, and it also has the functions of preventing weeds, loosening soil and preventing insects. When the stems and vines grow to about 1.2 meters, fertilize and cultivate the soil once, and then cover the entire border with thatch. This can not only prevent weeds from overgrowing and eliminate cultivating, but also regulate temperature and humidity.
5. Fertilizer and water management. It is best to topdress 3-4 times during the growth period. Fertilizer for seedlings: Combined with cultivating, dig 6-10 cm fertilization ditches between the rows, apply 5-10 kg of urea per acre, cover with soil and cover the camellia oleifera shells between the stalks. Fertilizer for strong seedlings: Combined with soil cultivation, apply 10-20 kilograms of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers and an appropriate amount of plant ash and soil fertilizers per acre; apply heavy fertilizer once each in the flower bud stage and the middle stage of tuber expansion, and apply 500-1000 kilograms of human urine per acre. Human urine significantly promotes tuber enlargement and plays a key role in yield formation. Do not apply human manure, pig or cow manure for top dressing, as manure can easily cause stems, vines and tubers to turn black, leading to disease. The potato is more drought-tolerant and does not have strict water requirements. If there is a drought from July to August, water it appropriately 1-2 times.
6. Prevention and control of pests and diseases: There are few pests and diseases in potato tuber. When planted in small quantities, pesticides are rarely used. When planted for a long time, agricultural control is mainly used and pesticides are used. Some high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides are mainly used. The main diseases include anthracnose and rust, which can be prevented and treated with carbendazim, thiophanate, and fentanin. Pests include sawflies, cutworms, grubs and other underground pests, which can be controlled by root irrigation with 800 times trichlorfon solution. Generally, no medication is used one month before harvesting.
7. Potatoes can generally be harvested from October to November. They can be stored for a long time after harvesting and are very nutritious. They are a very good healthy food.