Two. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is the world's first hollow fiber dialyzer with synthetic polymer materials for clinical use. PMMA is well known. RI BENTORAY, the first company to produce PMMA, is not a medical product itself, but a textile group ranked first and a chemical group ranked second in RI BEN. Interestingly, PMMA was not originally used in hemodialysis technology, but as a bionic fiber implanted in human body for joint protection. This is just an accidental opportunity. It is found that when two isomers of PMMA are mixed in different proportions, the fiber presents the physical structure of semi-permeable membrane. Through experiments, it is found that the clearance rate of small molecules is very good, and PMMA itself is a material that can be implanted into human body, so its biocompatibility is also very excellent. In addition, the biggest feature of PMMA is that it absorbs macromolecules, so the removal rate of microglobulin like B2 is also very good. It's a pity that PMMA is rare in China. It seems that it was only promoted in China in recent years. However, some friends in Taiwan Province Province said that Dongli's PMMA is the first brand in Taiwan Province Province.
Polypropylene eye was originally used for hemodialysis, not to eliminate toxins and dehydration, but as the shell of dialyzer. But at that time, the dialyzer was flat because it looked like a sandwich. Polypropylene eye is hydrophobic and not easy to activate complement, so it is used as the frame of flat dialyzer. The advantage is that the blood is almost free from any resistance in the dialyzer, so in principle, the flat dialyzer does not need a blood pump, and the membrane is disposable, which is convenient for disinfection and low in price, thus promoting the development and popularization of the dialyzer. Later, with the development of chemical technology, polyacrylonitrile began to shine in hemodialysis technology. Because polyacrylonitrile is hydrophobic, in the production process, acrylic sulfonate substances are added to polyacrylonitrile by means of * * * polymerization. The latter is hydrophilic, which can increase the clearance rate of membrane materials for small and medium molecules, while polyacrylonitrile can provide a stable physical structure for dialyzers, which is not easy to cause complement activation reaction and greatly reduces the complications of patients. . Later, with the popularization of hollow fiber dialyzer, polypropylene fine began to fade out of people's field of vision, but its benefits are still talked about by many experts and scholars.
4. Synthetic membrane dialyzer, because the membrane material contains -OH, patients can use less heparin during hemodialysis, thus avoiding diseases such as osteoporosis and low coagulation performance caused by long-term use of heparin in hemodialysis treatment! EVAL dialyzers that can be seen on the market at present are basically produced by Kerr Company of Japan. For some reason, there is no market for such a good dialyzer in China, which is really a pity for domestic hemodialysis patients!