Modern agricultural park is an important form of intensive agriculture. What is its basic function?

Building a modern agricultural park and helping to realize a well-off society for agriculture, rural areas and farmers in an all-round way is always related to the overall development of the cause of the party and the country. Looking at the whole process of 30 years' reform and opening-up, and reviewing the extraordinary road of 30 years' arduous course, we are standing at a new historical starting point, taking the road of agricultural modernization with China characteristics, accelerating the formation of a new pattern of urban-rural economic and social integration, establishing an institutional mechanism in which industry feeds back agriculture and cities support rural areas, strategically planning rural reform and development, strengthening the agricultural foundation as a whole, and realizing sound and rapid economic and social development and the goal of a well-off society in an all-round way. This is a major task for all China people today, and it is also a major task. How to carry out comprehensive agricultural development in building a well-off society in an all-round way has been explored in many places in combination with their own reality. Promoting the construction of modern agricultural parks is becoming a powerful starting point for many areas to promote the scale of efficient agriculture, increase agricultural efficiency and increase farmers' income. Then, the functions and construction approaches of modern agricultural parks are answered, and how to take the construction of agricultural parks as a carrier more effectively and give full play to the comprehensive, forward-looking and demonstration effects of comprehensive agricultural development. At present, it is considered to have different common meanings. This paper tries to discuss this. The concept and function of modern agricultural park Modern agricultural park refers to the agricultural organization form of centralized development of new agricultural products and technologies, intensive production and enterprise management through various forms such as the establishment of owners, the driving of leading enterprises, the traction of rural cooperative economic organizations and farmers' markets. According to the requirements of agricultural modernization, we will focus on regional characteristic agriculture and high-tech project agriculture. Modern agricultural park is the pioneer area of transforming traditional agriculture and the demonstration area of developing modern agriculture. Modern agricultural parks have relatively concentrated areas, perfect infrastructure, obvious industrial characteristics, high scientific and technological level, advanced operation mechanism and great development potential. They can maximize the integration of resources and agglomeration advantages, and greatly improve the land output rate and farmers' income. This is an innovative move of revolutionary agricultural development in China in recent years. From the basic definition and characteristics of modern agricultural park, it can be seen that modern agricultural park is firstly an organizational form, with the means of gathering human, financial, material, technology, management and other resources as the carrier, with the aim of realizing agricultural industrialization and efficient agricultural scale, and finally achieving agricultural efficiency and farmers' income increase. Whether it is a subjective goal or an objective trend, it will be to develop modern agriculture, promote the construction of new countryside and realize a well-off society in an all-round way. Therefore, we can say that the construction of modern agricultural park covers some basic contents of agricultural industrialization, modern agriculture and efficient agriculture, and farmers' professional cooperative organizations will inevitably develop further in the process of their development as a new form of agricultural organization; At the same time, the construction of modern agricultural parks is a means and measure to build a new socialist countryside and realize a well-off society in an all-round way, and it is an organic part of building a new countryside and realizing a well-off society in an all-round way. Modern agricultural parks should include the following functions: demonstration function, radiation function, popular science function, production function and cultural function. Demonstration function. The demonstration effects of modern agricultural parks are various: first-class infrastructure, advanced facilities and equipment and agricultural technology show the elegance of modern agriculture; The combination of pre-production, mid-production and post-production of industrial development, the integration of primary production, secondary production and tertiary production, and the enterprise-oriented production management model have accelerated the development process of agricultural marketization; The mode of regional distribution, specialized production and industrialized operation has accumulated experience for realizing agricultural scale economy. Radiation function. As a new commanding height of regional agricultural productivity and a new growth point of modern agricultural and rural economy, modern agricultural parks have obvious ecological, geographical and policy advantages. The acceleration of technology, talents, capital and information gathering in modern agricultural parks not only promotes the construction and development of modern agricultural parks, but also plays a powerful role in radiating and diffusing the development of agriculture and rural economy in surrounding areas. Modern agricultural parks have become the source of the development and expansion of modern agriculture by gathering all kinds of advanced production factors and giving full play to the advantages of agricultural resource allocation, and have spread to a wider range. Note: (Different regions have different policies) Popular science function. Enterprises are the main body of market economy and the main body of industrial cultivation in modern agricultural parks. Based on modern agriculture, incubating high-tech and high value-added enterprises is an important feature of modern agricultural parks. Based on the relevant achievements and patents of agricultural science and education units and experts and scholars, the venture capital mechanism is introduced to strive for more centralized policy support in modern agricultural parks, so that enterprises can become the main body of technological innovation. Develop modern agricultural high-tech through experimental research, develop modern agricultural high-tech products, and transform agricultural scientific and technological achievements into productive forces; Through advanced science and technology popularization mechanism and various ways, we will carry out modern agricultural science popularization education and human resources training, cultivate new farmers, promote agricultural efficiency and increase farmers' income. Production function. The essence of modern agricultural park is an agricultural product production area, and the production and processing of agricultural products are its basic functions. This kind of agricultural products are not ordinary agricultural products, but high-quality products produced by using the latest varieties, advanced and applicable agricultural production technologies and fine processing technologies to adapt to and meet the growing consumer demand in domestic and foreign markets. Through the production and processing of such agricultural products, the market share of products at home and abroad will be expanded, and the competitiveness of regional agricultural products will be significantly enhanced. Cultural function. Modern agricultural demonstration park not only maintains the natural attributes of agriculture, but also has the modern flavor of new agricultural facilities. In addition, the overall design of exquisite ecology and the perennial production and display of famous fruits, vegetables, flowers, plants and field crops, as well as livestock and various fish have formed a modern leisure and sightseeing spot integrating science, art and culture. Through the beautiful natural landscape and ecological environment of modern agriculture, rich pastoral scenery, modern production facilities, science and technology and safe and high-quality ecological products, urban residents are attracted to visit. The construction mode of modern agricultural park The concept of modern agricultural park and its functions determine that the construction mode of modern agricultural park must be essentially different from the traditional agricultural management mode. To build a modern agricultural park, we must comprehensively use modern agricultural scientific and technological achievements, modern agricultural production methods and modern agricultural management methods, explore ways and means to promote modern agriculture, and promote the process of agricultural modernization through the drive and radiation of demonstration areas. (1) Improve and innovate the operation mechanism. Mechanism is the soul of the construction and development of modern agricultural parks, which directly affects the benefits and development of the parks. The investment in the construction of modern agricultural parks is large, so we should actively attract social funds to participate in the construction by attracting investment, and improve the investment mechanism based on government subsidies, owner investment and self-accumulation; We should attach importance to cost accounting and establish enterprise management mechanism with the concept of industrialized operation and the principle of "independent operation and self-financing"; Actively participate in the construction of agricultural products logistics system, attach importance to postpartum processing technology, actively carry out cold storage, preservation, processing and distribution of agricultural products, expand the industrial chain, let more agricultural products enter supermarkets and communities, and improve the added value and market share of agricultural products; Give full play to the advantages of resources, facilities, industry and technology, gradually radiate to the surrounding areas, promote regional economic development, and establish and improve the demonstration and leading mechanism. Emphasize the coordinated development of economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits, and pay attention to establishing a long-term mechanism for the development of modern agricultural parks. (2) Cultivate and form leading industries. Cultivating and forming leading industries is the key to the construction of modern agricultural parks. First of all, the site selection should be connected with urban and rural development planning, land use planning and new rural construction planning, especially with the layout planning of agricultural products with characteristics and advantages. Good site selection is conducive to the formation and development of the leading main business of the park. Second, in terms of industrial positioning, according to local natural resources, economic situation, talents, science and technology and regional advantages, we should adhere to the principle of "doing something and not doing something", determine key development projects, highlight "precision" and "specialization", and cultivate leading industries in a targeted manner. The third is to cultivate leading industries, which should be closely integrated with the development of local characteristic industries, become bigger and stronger, deepen and deepen, highlight personalized functions, and form professional scale advantages and regional characteristics advantages. Fourth, it is necessary to closely integrate with local and surrounding leading agricultural industries, and strengthen the radiation-driven effect and cultivate and develop leading industries through "unified seed supply, unified service, unified technical standards, unified sales and unified settlement and distribution". Fifth, we must rely on market players to extend the industrial chain through the packaging, processing and sales of agricultural products, and promote the formation and development of leading industries. (3) Accelerate scientific and technological innovation and application of achievements. Modern agricultural parks must take scientific and technological innovation and accelerate the popularization and application of modern scientific and technological achievements as the top priority. Actively strengthen cooperation with scientific research and educational institutions and seek strong support from science and technology. Further reform the current mechanism of popularization and application of science and technology, improve the agricultural socialized service system, fully rely on agricultural technology popularization at all levels and their own scientific and technological strength, and establish a model of scientific research and development, technology popularization and application and driving farmers' development. We should attach importance to the cultivation of scientific and technological talents and the knowledge renewal of managers, so as to make it a carrier for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and a stage for scientific and technological personnel to display their talents. It is necessary to strengthen the research on facility application, crop cultivation and soil health. , improve facility utilization and production potential. Modern agricultural parks with a relatively high level of science and technology should actively use biotechnology and engineering technology such as tissue culture, rapid propagation, virus-free rapid propagation, concentrate on breaking through the technical bottleneck of seedling breeding, graft conventional technology with high technology, speed up the breeding progress, cultivate seedlings with independent intellectual property rights as soon as possible, improve the application level of science and technology and enhance the overall strength. (4) Increase policy support. Formulate relevant encouragement policies, actively support the construction of modern agricultural parks, especially give active coordination and support in water, electricity, taxation and infrastructure construction, effectively guide and encourage all kinds of park leaders, and ensure that the matching funds of modern agricultural parks are in place in time. National, provincial and municipal agriculture-related projects should be given priority in the park. Every year, the government takes a certain share from IFAD for the construction of modern agricultural parks and gives incentives. (5) Establish and improve the service system. Modern agricultural park is not only an external window of local agriculture, but also an effective entry point for the government to change its functions and solidly promote the sustained, healthy and rapid development of agriculture and rural economy under the condition of market economy. All localities and levels should establish corresponding comprehensive coordination service groups, and departments of agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, development, agricultural machinery, planning commission, finance, science and technology should take care of and support the construction of modern agricultural parks as their responsibilities and obligations, and earnestly do a good job in related services. According to their respective responsibilities, we should conscientiously formulate policies to support the construction of modern agricultural parks and quickly form a good situation to vigorously promote the construction of modern agricultural parks. Problems and difficulties in the construction of modern agricultural parks. With the help of the party's policy of benefiting farmers, after years of efforts, the construction of modern agricultural parks has achieved initial results. However, due to the late start and short construction time, there are also some problems and difficulties in various places, which can be summarized as follows: First, the overall planning lags behind. The construction of some parks is even "beating a stick and jumping a step". The lack of overall planning has affected the construction and function of the whole park. The second is the lack of infrastructure. In particular, the infrastructure such as water and roads is weak, the level of mechanization is low, and modern information technology is scarce, which is far from the requirements of modern agriculture and does not match the identity of modern agricultural parks. Third, the construction funds are insufficient. Due to the large investment in infrastructure in the park, the diversified investment mechanism has not been established and improved, and more importantly, the unique advantages of the park have not been fully demonstrated, and many parks are stretched. Fourth, the starting level is not high. Some parks are not modern, and the development projects are just general agricultural application technology promotion projects, which can not meet the requirements of high technology content, high added value, high export earnings and high market share; Without independent brands, many parks have incomplete service functions. Fifth, the demonstration cohesion is not strong. Many agricultural professional cooperative organizations in the park are relatively loose, the linkage mechanism between leading enterprises and agriculture is not strong, and the demonstration role of the park is not strong. Sixth, support policies are not in place. In some places, the government has issued relevant policies to support park construction, and many places have conducted numerous evaluations on park construction. However, the red tape of assessment can not bring tangible benefits and real development, and the coordination service system has not been established and the measures have not been implemented. From the above investigation and analysis, it can be seen that comprehensive agricultural development has great potential in supporting the construction of modern agricultural parks. We believe that the main focus should be on the following aspects: First, increase capital investment and strengthen the infrastructure construction of modern agricultural parks. In the past two decades, the investment in comprehensive agricultural development has been huge, which has played a great role in improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, ensuring national food security, promoting agricultural efficiency and increasing farmers' income. However, under the new situation, the situation facing agricultural development is more complicated and severe, with higher requirements and more investment. Especially in the construction of modern agricultural parks, the starting point should be high, the standards should be new and the speed should be fast. To achieve the goal of park construction, we must increase the intensity of capital-intensive investment. The second is to increase support for farmers' professional cooperative organizations and strengthen the cultivation of modern agricultural parks. Farmers will always be the main body and beneficiaries of the construction of modern agricultural parks. Only by improving the degree of farmers' organization can we enhance farmers' right to speak in the construction of modern agricultural parks and the distribution of benefits, and fundamentally ensure the realization of the goals of modern agricultural parks, that is, by developing modern agriculture, promoting the construction of new socialist countryside, coordinating urban and rural development, and realizing an all-round well-off society. Comprehensive agricultural development needs to study and formulate special policies to support farmers' professional cooperative organizations to show their support. The third is to increase the promotion of science and technology and enhance the scientific and technological content of the construction of modern agricultural parks. The main starting point of modern agricultural park construction is to develop modern agriculture, equip agriculture with modern material conditions, transform agriculture with modern science and technology, upgrade agriculture with modern industrial system, upgrade agriculture with modern management forms, lead agriculture with modern development concepts, and develop agriculture with cultivating new agriculture. Only by further increasing the scientific and technological content of modern agricultural parks, from hardware to software, from facilities to ideas, can the construction of modern agricultural parks have a future. In supporting the construction of modern agricultural parks, comprehensive agricultural development can increase the proportion of financial support, broaden the scope of support, and innovate the mode of science and technology promotion and performance evaluation. Fourth, strengthen policy guidance and enhance the demonstration role of modern agricultural park construction. The vitality of modern agricultural park lies in its demonstration and leading role, but the construction of agricultural park must first have a very favorable policy environment, and its related functions will be reflected only on the premise of the completion of the park. The policy support of comprehensive agricultural development to the construction of modern agricultural parks can play a role of policy guidance by stipulating some policies that are relatively more favorable than ordinary projects.