Amorphous iron core air compressor is about to be fully popularized.
The reactive loss of this kind of iron core is much smaller than that of silicon steel sheet used in traditional transformer, only about 25% of the original.
This technology was first studied in 1967 by a research group headed by Professor Bohr Duwitz of the University of California. The outstanding advantage of this metal is that the reactive power loss is particularly small. Since the 1980s, an American steel company has taken the lead in mass production of this kind of metal sheet, and the American power company has put tens of thousands of new iron core transformers into trial use in various places, which proves that the effect is good. Therefore, Japan decided to vigorously promote the use of this new technology product.
According to Japanese experts, the transformers currently used in all parts of Japan are silicon steel sheet cores, and the annual power loss is as high as 5.8 billion kWh, of which reactive power loss accounts for 3.6 billion kWh. If it is replaced by amorphous core transformer, the reactive power loss can be reduced to 65.438+0 billion kWh, thus saving 2.6 billion kWh, which is enough to meet the needs of 65.438+0 million households. It is expected that this new technology will be fully introduced to the international market in the 1990s.
Large capacity pulverized coal burner has been successfully developed.
In order to reduce oil-fired power generation and use more coal-fired power generation, Japan Electric Power Research Institute developed a "large-capacity pulverized coal burner" for thermal power plants at 199 1 after five years' efforts, which successfully solved the problem that coal-fired boilers can not burn stably at low power, thus expanding the adjustment ability of coal-fired power plants or kerosene combined power plants to variable loads and greatly saving fuel.
Traditional coal-fired power generation must use oil to support combustion at low load in order to carry out stable combustion. The so-called "low load" means that the minimum power of boiler equipment in coal-fired power plants is about 30% ~ 50% of the total power. The new large-capacity pulverized coal burner uses the characteristics that pulverized coal blown into the combustion boiler is easy to burn when the concentration is high, and uses the rotation angle of conveying air to concentrate the pulverized coal flow with thinner concentration, so as to achieve the purpose of low-load combustion without oil and ensure stable combustion.
This new device was tested when the power was lower than 20%, and the results showed that it could achieve stable combustion at the very low power of about 16% without affecting the normal operation of the whole fuel power generation system. This new fuel-saving device technology will be put into practical use in 1992.
As far as China is concerned, in recent years, new progress has been made in energy-saving technology.
Sewage sludge can also be used to extract fuel.
Can sewage sludge burn? Canadian experts answered this question. Canadians can now convert sewage sludge into diesel-like fuel for low-speed engines, boilers and even power plants. They first heated the dry sludge to 450℃ under anaerobic conditions, so that 50% of the sludge became gas; Then, this gas is mixed with the carbon residue. Because carbon residue can convert organic matter in sludge into saturated hydrocarbon, which is the main component of all liquid fuels, it can certainly be burned.
Canada decided to build the first sludge fuel extraction plant in 1992. It is said that this process only costs 32 pounds per ton of dry sludge, which saves half the cost compared with the simple incineration treatment method. This is a good way to turn waste into treasure.
High-efficiency and energy-saving heat transfer medium won the gold medal for invention
For a long time, water has been used as the heat transfer medium for heating in China, which has slow heat transfer speed, low heat transfer efficiency and high energy consumption. 199 1 Associate Professor Ming Shaofu of harbin university of science and technology has successfully developed a new EGM technology, which can save energy by 50%. This new technology is to find a chemical with low starting temperature and fast conduction speed from nearly ten thousand kinds of chemicals. After many times of preparation and comparison, the best formula with appropriate additives is obtained, which can be used as a new heat transfer medium. As long as it is put in a heater and heated to 55℃, it can drive the heat transfer, the conduction speed is close to the speed of light, the conduction efficiency is as high as 95%, the chemical properties are stable, the service life can reach 10 year, the cost is low, the preparation process is simple, and the use is safe and reliable.
After this achievement came out, it has been extended to the fields of industrial drying, rising agricultural ground temperature, greenhouse heating, boiler transformation, train, automobile and civil heating, aerospace industry, atomic reactors and national defense construction, with remarkable energy-saving effects. This is a major scientific research achievement, and experts believe that it is in a leading position in the field of energy conservation at home and abroad, which will produce huge social and economic benefits. This technology has passed the national appraisal, won the national patent and the gold medal in China Invention Exhibition, and has been included in the national key promotion project.
Remarkable achievements have been made in the comprehensive transformation of turbine passage
In the past 10 years, China Huaibei Power Plant has vigorously carried out more than 600 energy-saving technologies to improve power generation equipment, with the focus on energy saving. The steam turbine flow passage of 50,000 and125,000 kW generating units has been transformed successively. The engineering and technical transformation projects such as the design and installation of single-channel long-throat water jet air extractor, the transformation of boiler dust collector, the transformation of water cooling system into air cooling system, and the transformation of furnace pulverizing system have all reached the domestic advanced level, and the six units in the whole plant have been upgraded. Only 199 1 year is equivalent to 4,378 tons of standard coal for coal, oil, water and electricity, with an economic benefit of more than 660,000 yuan.
The factory has also jointly developed a "new precombustion chamber with offset jet" with the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, which has achieved remarkable results in the application of 6.5438+0.25 million kilowatt generator sets. This alone can save about 654.38+0,000 tons of fuel every year.
"Coal-water slurry combustion furnace" is moving towards thousands of households.
The "water-coal mixed combustion furnace" developed by Henan Huaxin Applied Research Institute in China can separate water, hydrogen and oxygen from coal, and the furnace temperature can reach 1 100℃. You can use two sets of radiators to cook and cook at the same time, so that the room temperature of 300,000 square meters can reach about 20℃. The coal it uses can be burned by itself, no matter what kind of coal it is, and it doesn't need commercial power. When it is used to boil water in the shower for 10 min, the temperature of 15 kg cold water can be increased by 50℃, which is 40% less than that of ordinary coal stoves.
This is a major breakthrough in energy-saving household coal stoves, and it has won a national patent.
Adobe coal fuel technology saves more than half of coal.
In order to save high-quality coal and improve the utilization rate of coal, China scientists and technicians have developed a kind of "adobe coal" fuel. The so-called "adobe coal" is a new type of soil-based fuel made by adding additives to ordinary soil and some combustible substances (such as foamed coal, coal gangue, slime, industrial slag, rice husk, etc.). ), which can replace civil briquette and industrial briquette.
This fuel is simple in production and unique in performance: firstly, the calorific value is equivalent to that of ordinary honeycomb coal, the production cost can be reduced by 40% and the coal can be saved by more than 50%; Second, the emission of sulfur dioxide in the combustion process is lower than that of ordinary briquette by more than 50%; Third, it can be made from different soils all over the country and with different formulas; Fourthly, this technology can be used to treat gangue and secondary coal with calorific value above 800 kcal, instead of ordinary coal.
This new technology can save a lot of domestic coal and won the first China Science and Technology Light Achievement Award.