Paper on Automatic Blackboard Eraser
Dust generated by wiping the blackboard "flies all over the sky", and floats in the air for a long time, falling all over the floor, especially the boss under the blackboard, which is often full of dust and no one removes it, seriously polluting the environment. The following is my paper on automatic blackboard eraser. Welcome to read it for reference!
Abstract: Chalk and blackboard have made great contributions to human education. However, traditional cleaning methods pollute the classroom environment, accelerate the aging of modern teaching instruments and equipment, and endanger the physical and mental health of teachers and students. Using automation technology to study a new blackboard cleaning scheme can improve the automation degree of blackboard cleaning, which not only retains the advantages of traditional chalk and blackboard, but also avoids environmental pollution, prolongs the service life of modern teaching instruments and equipment, and ensures the physical and mental health of teachers and students.
keywords: chalk; Blackboard; Dust; Automation technology; Document identification code of blackboard cleaning scheme: A
1 "power" and "pass" of chalk
Chalk and blackboard are necessary teaching tools from primary school classroom to university classroom, which have made great contributions to the development of human education since its birth. Although there are various modern teaching tools and equipment, chalk and blackboard are still irreplaceable.
Of course, chalk and blackboard have made great contributions to human education, but also brought great harm to the classroom environment and the physical and mental health of teachers and students. The main reason is that there are many shortcomings in the traditional blackboard eraser and blackboard eraser methods:
1.1 Low efficiency
Although the traditional blackboard eraser is small and convenient to use, it takes a long time and is inefficient because of its small floor space.
1.2 The labor intensity is high
As the blackboard is used for a long time, the wiping effect of the blackboard will become worse and worse. If the handwriting written on the blackboard is not erased in time, dust will be deposited on the surface of the blackboard, which makes it difficult to erase, and it is often necessary to use greater force to erase the old handwriting, which is very exhausting.
1.3 Not being cleaned
When the blackboard eraser is used for a long time, a lot of dust will be deposited on the surface of the brush, which will cause the writing to be erased, but it will leave a lot of dust on the blackboard surface, which will lead to the phenomenon of "big face" on the blackboard, thus affecting the writing effect and viewing effect.
1.4 pollute the environment
The dust generated by wiping the blackboard "flies all over the sky", and floats in the air for a long time, falling all over the floor, especially the boss under the blackboard, which is often full of dust and no one removes it, seriously polluting the environment.
1.5 affecting the service life of equipment
Dust is as pervasive as air, and it is deposited on computers, projectors and other teaching equipment and experimental instruments, which seriously affects the service life of these equipment and instruments.
1.6 Affect the physical and mental health of teachers and students
In the process of wiping the blackboard, teachers are covered with dust on their hands, arms and bodies, and the whole person is "shrouded" in dust, which can easily cause pneumoconiosis and other chronic respiratory diseases, which is known as "occupational disease". In addition to teachers, students sitting in the front row also suffer greatly.
2 Present situation of blackboard cleaning scheme
In order to alleviate the above contradiction, some students have studied the blackboard cleaning scheme under the guidance of the teacher, which mainly includes two aspects:
2.1 Exploration of dust-free blackboard
Students such as Xia Fan of Wuchang Institute of Technology and Peng Yazhou of Inner Mongolia University of Technology designed the original hard blackboard into a software blackboard, and after writing, they can turn the written side of the software blackboard to the other side to remove dust. Xiong Xuemei of Jiangnan University and other students designed a box-type dust-free blackboard. After writing on the blackboard, the whole dust removal process was completed in a closed box to reduce the dust pollution problem. In addition, there are other similar treatment schemes. The design of the dust-free blackboard takes into account the most important function of wiping the blackboard, and also prevents the dust from flying all over the sky. However, these design schemes all require the blackboard itself to move, and the structure is similar to a box, so it is bulky. If it is installed on the wall, it will stand out and occupy a relatively large space in the classroom, which may not be beautiful.
2.2 innovation of blackboard eraser
Lin Dong, a student from Guizhou Institute of Technology, designed an eraser that can wipe the blackboard and absorb dust according to the principle of vacuum cleaner. Yang Weiwei of Nanjing Vocational College of Science and Technology has designed the basic structure of an automatic eraser cleaner for wiping blackboards and absorbing dust. Wang Jiajia of Southwest University of Science and Technology and other students designed an intelligent dust-collecting blackboard brush, which can make the blackboard brush walk freely on the blackboard by remote control, thus wiping the blackboard and absorbing dust. These researches on blackboard cleaning schemes all involve two main functions: wiping the blackboard and absorbing dust, but some of them only stay in the design stage, and some of them are implemented, but the effect is still unknown.
generally speaking, the products of the above treatment schemes have not appeared in the market yet, which shows that these schemes are still immature and need to be further studied, so as to put forward a practical solution for blackboard cleaning, completely change the current teaching conditions and create a fresh learning environment for teachers and students.
3 Analysis of functional requirements of blackboard cleaning scheme
According to the hazards and personal experience brought by the current blackboard cleaning methods mentioned above, the automatic cleaning scheme for the blackboard should at least include the following three functions:
3.1 Blackboard wiping function
In class, how to wipe off dust quickly and cleanly for teachers to write on the blackboard again is the most basic and important function, so the blackboard wiping function must be considered in the first place.
3.2 dust collection function
As mentioned above, the process of wiping the blackboard will inevitably lead to the phenomenon of dust flying all over the sky, which is also the root cause of harm. Therefore, when cleaning the blackboard, we must consider how to confine the dust in a closed area and collect it in a container to prevent the dust from flying all over the sky and ensure a fresh environment in the classroom.
3.3 Blackboard cleaning function
In the actual use of the blackboard, it is found that dust deposition is difficult to remove after long-term writing, which leads to a "big face" on the blackboard. Therefore, in order to further strengthen the dust removal and ensure that the blackboard is always in the best use, an automatic cleaning function can be designed. This function is only turned on when the blackboard is not used for a relatively long time at night, weekends, etc., and the blackboard is thoroughly cleaned with water to prolong the service life of the blackboard as much as possible and improve the use effect.
4 blackboard cleaning scheme design
according to the above functional requirements analysis and considering the structural size and installation mode of the blackboard itself, the project team initially determined the blackboard cleaning scheme based on automation technology: a blackboard wiping robot was designed to realize three main functions in the blackboard cleaning process, and the overall structure, mechanical system and control system of the device were designed respectively.
4.1 overall structural design
the overall structural design and installation are shown in figure 1. Taking the longitudinal dimension of the blackboard as the basic design dimension, the blackboard wiping robot is designed as a cuboid structure. The main functions such as wiping the blackboard, collecting dust and cleaning the blackboard are integrated in it. The whole system consists of mechanical system and control system. ? 4.2 mechanical system design
The mechanical system is mainly composed of walking mechanism, wiping mechanism, dust collection mechanism and cleaning mechanism.
The walking mechanism is driven by the rack and pinion and the stepping motor, which completes the left and right walking action of the blackboard wiping robot; The wiping mechanism adopts triangular cylinder structure, and detachable brushes are installed on three sides of the triangular cylinder, which can realize indexing wiping and is also driven by stepping motor. Brush can be cleaned or replaced; Ensure that the brush itself does not deposit dust, thus ensuring the effect of wiping the blackboard; The dust collection mechanism adopts the way of axial fan and filter bag, which automatically turns on the fan to absorb dust when wiping, and transports the dust to the container for storage to prevent the dust from drifting with the wind and polluting the environment; The cleaning mechanism adopts the structure of water storage in water tank, water supply by water pump and brushing by brush. However, there is no need for class time, in case the blackboard can't be dried in time, which will affect the writing and cause the phenomenon of "big face". Only when the blackboard is not used for a long time, such as on weekends, should it be thoroughly cleaned by spraying water and leave enough time for the blackboard to dry itself, so as to ensure the use effect of the blackboard as much as possible.
4.3 design of control system
the main body of the control system adopts PLC control mode. Among them, the operation interface adopts capacitive color touch screen, and is matched with the control mode of buttons such as emergency stop switch; The control software adopts PLC ladder diagram, and the whole system is stable, reliable and easy to operate.
5 Conclusion
This project is a typical mechatronics system, which can be used as an implementation case of project-based teaching of mechatronics technology and robotics in higher vocational colleges, and can also solve practical problems in teaching. After passing the test, the developed prototype can be mass-produced and applied to practice, thus realizing industrialization and generating economic and social benefits. From the current use of blackboards in various schools, it can be seen that the number of chalk and blackboards used in universities, primary schools and other training places in China is very considerable. If all of them are equipped with robots that automatically wipe blackboards, great economic benefits will be produced. In addition, the robot to clean the blackboard itself is developed to solve the problems of dust pollution, affecting the service life of teaching equipment and instruments, and hurting the physical and mental health of teachers and students. These values are also very important and cannot be bought with money.
references
[1] Xia Fan, Li Ming, Zhang Rong, et al. Research on key technologies of automatic dust-free blackboard [J]. Mechanical Engineering and Automation, 215, (5).
[2] Peng Yazhou, Liu Qing, Wang Yaru, et al. Research on the design of automatic dust-free blackboard [J]. Small and medium-sized Et al. Box-type dust-free blackboard [J]. Mechanical engineer, 214, (1).
[4] Lin. Design of a dust-free blackboard eraser [J]. Science and Technology Communication, 216, 1 (below).
[5] Yang Weiwei. Discussion on the design scheme of automatic blackboard eraser cleaner based on UG software [