Characteristics of 1.2 As can be seen from the historical development, as China's agricultural extension system was established during the planned economy period, agricultural extension is mainly based on administrative means, supplemented by education and other methods, and its characteristics mainly include:
(1) led by the * * * department, responsible for the administrative department of agriculture, agricultural extension agencies and agricultural administrative departments one-to-one correspondence. To organize, coordinate and implement all kinds of agricultural extension work with agricultural extension institutions at all levels established by * * * as the main body. * * * Formulate policies related to agricultural extension, be directly responsible for planning and organizing the implementation of agricultural extension projects, and manage the personnel, finances and materials of agricultural extension institutions. Promotion funds depend on national finance.
(2) There is duality in organization and management. Agricultural technology extension institutions at all levels are not only directly led by agricultural administrative departments, but also guided by higher extension institutions. Moreover, because the direct leadership of the administrative department is greater than the business guidance power of the superior extension organization, the organizational leadership function of the agricultural technology extension organization is weak. The work of the agricultural technology extension department mainly revolves around the work of the agricultural administrative department and is responsible to the administrative department.
(3) China's agricultural technology extension system was formed under the long-term planned economy system, and its organizational structure and implementation mode depend on the requirements of the planned economy, so it is difficult to adapt to the current market-oriented procedures.
(4) China's agricultural extension belongs to the narrow sense of agricultural technology extension, which generally includes experiments, demonstrations, training guidance and consulting services. Apply agricultural technology popularization to the process of agricultural production before, during and after delivery. Pay too much attention to the popularization of practical technology, while ignoring the improvement of farmers' overall cultural quality and living standards.
What are the impacts of agricultural scientific and technological achievements on society? . Ah, this has a great influence,: Wen Ku. Baidu, please. /view/CDF6A32458Fb770B F78A55BD。 Look at this! Be sure to give points.
How to popularize scientific and technological achievements; The measures to promote scientific and technological achievements are too problematic. It depends on what kind of scientific and technological achievements, and then we can determine what kind of measures are more appropriate. For example, what we do is the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of 3D technology, and we adopt the industrialization model of scientific research achievements+industrial capital+industrial talents.
What are the ways to transform agricultural scientific and technological achievements? A legal interpretation of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements
Article 2 of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements stipulates that the transformation of scientific and technological achievements refers to the subsequent testing, development, application and popularization of scientific and technological achievements with practical value produced by scientific research and technological development in order to improve the level of productivity until new products, new processes and new materials are formed and new industries are developed.
Second, the legal interpretation of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements
Article 9 of the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements stipulates that holders of scientific and technological achievements may transform their scientific and technological achievements in the following ways:
(a) investment in the implementation of the transformation;
(2) Transferring scientific and technological achievements to others;
(3) Licensing others to use the scientific and technological achievements;
(four) the scientific and technological achievements as a condition of cooperation, and others to cooperate with the implementation of the transformation;
(5) Taking scientific and technological achievements as the investment price, converting them into shares or making contributions in proportion to the capital contribution.
Third, the actual operation of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.
Science and technology are the engine of economic growth and the main driving force to improve comprehensive national strength. Promoting the transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements has become a new trend of scientific and technological policies in all countries of the world. At present, there are direct and indirect ways to transform scientific and technological achievements, but these two ways are not distinct and often contain each other.
(A) the direct transformation of scientific and technological achievements
1. Scientific and technical personnel set up their own enterprises.
2 universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises to carry out cooperation or contract research.
3 universities, scientific research institutions and enterprises to carry out talent exchange.
4. Network platform for communication between universities, research institutes and enterprises.
(B) indirect transformation of scientific and technological achievements
The indirect transformation of scientific and technological achievements is mainly carried out through various intermediaries. There are various types of institutions and activities. There are government-run, private and government-civilian joint ventures in the system; From the functional point of view, there are large multi-functional organizations (such as acting as science and technology intermediaries and developing specific projects) and small single-functional organizations.
1. Transforming scientific and technological achievements through specialized agencies
2. Implement transformation through scientific and technological achievements transformation institutions established in universities.
3. Carry out scientific and technological achievements transformation activities through scientific and technological consulting companies.
(3) Industry-University-Research cooperation.
Industry-University-Research cooperation is an effective way to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Romania-Industry-University-Research cooperation is an important and effective form of combining science and technology with economy in the world today. Mainly refers to the cooperation between enterprises, universities and research institutes in the process of integration of science and technology and economy under the mechanism of risk sharing, mutual benefit, complementary advantages and common development. Its contents and forms include: technology transfer, cooperative research, cooperative development, establishment of entities (research institutes, pilot bases, science, industry and trade entities), personnel exchange and training, information exchange, use of devices and instruments, technical services and consultation, etc.
Fourth, the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements.
(A) the definition of the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements
The process of popularization and application of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. However, it must be clear that agricultural scientific and technological achievements, in addition to being directly materialized in agricultural production, should also be regarded as the transformation of these scientific and technological achievements if they are adopted by other industries and comprehensive management departments. Its transformation is a complex system engineering. Generally speaking, it has to go through four main stages: pilot test, production demonstration, organization promotion and large-scale application.
(B) the transformation model of agricultural scientific and technological achievements
1.*** Guiding mode-technology cultivation and demonstration subsidy transformation achievement mode.
2. Farmer-led mode-farmers actively participate in the transformation of results.
3. The achievement model of owner-led investment attraction and strong agricultural transformation.
Interpretation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements: agricultural scientific and technological achievements
Refers to the materials, technical methods and schemes that can promote the progress of agricultural science and technology in various fields of agriculture through investigation, research, experiment and popularization and application, and have obvious economic, social and ecological benefits, and are recognized by the appraisal, patent application or other methods evaluation organized by the * * * department.
I don't know what kind of achievements you want to inquire about, or what level of achievements you can go to the websites of various agricultural scientific research institutions, such as China Academy of Agricultural Sciences and provincial academies of agricultural sciences. Anyone who knows the name can go directly to Baidu. Of course, if you want to know the details of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, you still need to find the researchers who have completed the achievements.
What are the main ways to transform scientific and technological achievements? There are five main ways to transform scientific and technological achievements: ① self-investment; ② Transfer scientific and technological achievements to others; (3) Licensing others to use scientific and technological achievements; (4) Take scientific and technological achievements as cooperation conditions, and implement transformation with others; ⑤ Take scientific and technological achievements as the investment price, and convert the shares or capital contribution ratio. Among them, the first method belongs to the transformation of scientific and technological achievements by the holders themselves, that is, colleges, research institutes or enterprises apply their scientific and technological achievements to their own production activities. The characteristic of this method is that there is no intermediate link, which reduces the transaction cost of the transformation of results, but it is only suitable for the main body with relatively perfect R&D and production chain. The second and third methods belong to transfer transformation, that is, the holder of scientific and technological achievements transfers the right to use or ownership of scientific and technological achievements to the demand side of technology through licensing and transfer, which is the main way for universities and research institutes to realize the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The fourth and fifth modes belong to the cooperative transformation mode, which is conducive to the formation of a cooperative mechanism with technology as the link, enjoying benefits and taking risks.
List what you know about agricultural scientific and technological achievements and deep processing of agricultural products.
How to strengthen the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements and strengthen the connection between scientific research institutes and enterprises, the agricultural authorities should act as a bridge to match the bridge. Linking the needs of enterprises with the research results of scientific research institutes can accelerate the transformation of agricultural achievements.
Hope to adopt, thank you.
The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is a key link in the close combination of science and technology and economy, and an important way to adjust the industrial structure and change the mode of economic development. Only when scientific and technological achievements are transformed into real productive forces can we better realize the use value of scientific and technological achievements and give play to the supporting and leading role of scientific and technological innovation in economic and social development. With the rapid development of agriculture and rural economy, agriculture, as the foundation of national economy, is facing severe challenges, and the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is becoming more and more important. However, the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is influenced by farmers' own factors.
Farmers' awareness of science and technology is very poor. Farmers' cultural quality is different, and their scientific and technological awareness is also different. Compared with farmers with low cultural quality, farmers with high cultural quality have stronger scientific and technological awareness. First of all, they get in touch with new agricultural technologies through various channels such as agricultural technology extension organizations; And can combine new agricultural technology with existing production and management projects. On the contrary, farmers with low scientific and cultural quality have outdated concepts, lack scientific and technological awareness, are slow to respond to new agricultural technologies and achievements, and lack the ability to accept, digest and absorb.
Farmers' ability to learn and apply science and technology is weak. The ability to learn science and technology is influenced by factors such as culture and education level. Farmers' education level is generally low, and their learning ability, acceptance ability and ability to use science and technology are poor. In particular, the ability to learn complex technologies or technologies that require flexible or comprehensive applications is even worse.
Promoting the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is one of the important ways to solve the disconnection between science and technology and economy and realize the important supporting role of science and technology in increasing agricultural production, increasing farmers' income, increasing agricultural efficiency and rural development. How to better transform agricultural scientific and technological achievements, how to speed up the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, so as to promote the application of agricultural scientific research achievements and practical technologies to agricultural production as soon as possible and ensure agricultural development, is particularly important.
Strengthen technical training. Farmers are users of scientific and technological achievements. Only mobilizing the masses can transform agricultural scientific and technological achievements, and only relying on the masses can transform agricultural scientific and technological achievements. Strengthening technical training is the premise and foundation for the successful transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements. To this end, departments at all levels should take various forms to conduct practical technical training for farmers, go deep into the fields, teach science and technology by hand, select a group of farmers who know technology and management as demonstration households for the popularization and application of new technologies and new achievements, give full play to the demonstration role of these "vanguard", and let the broad masses truly master the skills of getting rich through science and technology.
Increase investment in science and technology. It is an effective measure to promote the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements to strengthen the investment in science and technology and resolve the test risks. * * * is the leading body of science and technology investment, therefore, * * * should increase science and technology investment year by year. Through supporting services, financial subsidies and rewards, at the same time, the society should be encouraged to set up various companies to promote the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements and raise funds from the society. The financial sector should honor the preferential policy of science and technology development loans. Increase investment in science and technology through multiple levels and channels to realize the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements.
Strengthen the education of farmers. * * * We should take farmers as the object and improve their quality as the goal, and educate them in science, technology and culture. Improve farmers' scientific and cultural quality, encourage farmers, especially young farmers, to become self-educated, and improve their educational level, agricultural technology level and practical ability. Lay a solid foundation for improving the transformation rate of agricultural scientific and technological achievements.
Effective transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is an important way to improve the scientific and technological content of agricultural production. The transformation process of agricultural scientific and technological achievements has benefited farmers and made great contributions to increasing farmers' income. Therefore, increasing farmers' income must be regarded as the starting point and the end result of the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, and the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements will have strong vitality.