This issue of "How much do you know about the vaccines used in farms" introduces in detail the key preparations that need to be made before vaccination to help you avoid the risk of unsuccessful immunization caused by unreasonable preparation.
First, master the epidemic situation and physical condition of local pig diseases.
When there is a local pneumonia epidemic, it is not suitable for vaccination except emergency immunization. If small animals are weak, have chronic diseases and are in the third trimester, it is not suitable to use vaccines for immunization.
Second, pigs are prepared in advance.
In strict accordance with the age of the immunization program formulated by the pig farm, the immunization age of the pigs in the same group is generally less than 3 days; Special circumstances must be postponed, to keep the file for the record, and then make up. For example, pigs with high fever or diarrhea should be treated first, and then vaccinated after recovering as soon as possible.
Third, carefully check the quality of the vaccine.
Veterinary vaccines whose production date is announced by China or designated by the local government should be selected. Fill in the vaccine receiving record when receiving the vaccine, and record the vaccine name, manufacturer, vaccine production batch number and the total number of vaccines received. It is necessary to master the different regulations on the working temperature of vaccines used in farms and place them according to different regulations to prevent unsuccessful vaccination.
If the stored vaccine is taken out, it is necessary to check whether the temperature stored in the refrigerator is appropriate before taking out the vaccine, and then take out the corresponding amount of vaccine from the refrigerator according to the immunization plan, and do a good job of warehousing and archiving.
Read the article carefully before using the vaccine, and the physical characteristics such as the seal, name, production batch number, expiration date, volume, operation method and vaccine color of the instructions should be consistent with the instructions. It is strictly prohibited to use vaccines with production batch numbers, abnormal appearance and loose bottle caps. It is necessary to pay attention to the vaccine failure caused by high temperature, sun exposure, freezing, mildew, expiration and other factors, otherwise it will cause different degrees of safety risks after inoculation, but it will cause different degrees of harm to the physical and mental health of pigs.
Fourth, strictly control the time of vaccine use.
The remarkable feature of the epidemic of swine infectious diseases is its periodicity. Vaccination is the key and reasonable method to prevent infectious diseases in pigs. However, in the actual operation of immunization, it is very important to accurately grasp the time of immunization in farms.
When pigs are vaccinated with live virus, antiviral drugs and interferon suppository should not be given within 4-6 days before and after immunization, and it is also very important to vaccinate pigs infected with two live viruses. If two different live virus infections must be inoculated, the interval should be guaranteed to be 7- 10 days, otherwise it will cause corresponding impact. The live vaccine and inactivated vaccine commonly used in breeding can immunize pigs at the same time, mainly by subcutaneous injection at outlets.
Antibiotics should not be used in pigs for about 7 days before and after inoculation with live bacteria vaccine. Pigs can be inoculated with two live bacteria infection vaccines at the same time, just by subcutaneous injection at outlets. When the inactivated vaccine of bacterial infection is inoculated into pigs, if it can be used with antibiotics, it is generally not easy to harm the immune effect. In addition, if the dead pigs are mainly characterized by high fever, or are old, weak or disabled pigs, they are not suitable for vaccination.
Five, the appropriate regular inspection and disinfection of immune products.
(1) Selection and inspection
Select the appropriate syringe and needle according to the pig's body shape and the physical characteristics of the vaccine. Clean up inoculation supplies (metal syringes, surgical forceps, needles, needle boxes, nasal sprays). Oil-stained equipment can be cleaned with detergent, but it should be soaked in cold water for at least 3 times, and no disinfectant is needed after cleaning.
The needle should be sharp and unobstructed, and can be closely connected with the nozzle of the syringe. The bent needle and the closing needle must be removed. Then put each syringe and needle made of metal material cleaned by cleaning sand bag into the nest for boiling and disinfection. After boiling, the time is not less than 15 minutes, and the syringe can be used only after cooling.
Need to check whether the syringe is damaged, whether the piston rod is paired and whether the sealant plate is fragile; Whether the tightness adjustment is appropriate and whether there is air leakage; Whether the adjustment screw rolls cannot be fixed. Before use, the syringe and needle should be wetted with salt water, and the needle should be cleaned or dried before installation; The residual water in the syringe must be drained before the vaccine is extracted.
(2) strict disinfection and sterilization
Syringes should be strictly disinfected, cleaned and boiled, and needles should be removed and replaced one by one. Syringes should not be used with various vaccines at the same time.
(iii) Application of equipment classification
Immunizers should be classified by system to prevent mutual pollution.
Six, the vaccine should be properly diluted.
Select a bottle of well-sealed diluent and dilute it according to the calculated amount. In practice, there is a way to introduce the vaccine by needle, but you don't have to push it by hand to see if you can inject it automatically, because if the vaccine vacuum pump is good, it will automatically suck it in. It is also very important to judge the quality of vaccine, and then judge the success or failure of immunization. If there is no such situation, it is best not to use it, so as to ensure the immune effect. Dilute the vaccine bottle continuously with the diluent of quantitative analysis, so that the vaccine can be fully dissolved and diluted before being inhaled into the syringe.