Coaxial probe method:
Coaxial probe method is most suitable for liquid and semi-solid (powder) materials. It is simple, convenient and non-destructive. A typical measurement system consists of network analyzer or impedance analyzer, coaxial probe and software.
Transmission line method:
Transmission line method is a broadband measurement method, which is suitable for machinable solids. It needs to put MUT on a closed transmission line.
Free space method:
The free-space method focuses (or penetrates) microwave energy into a large piece of material through an antenna. This method has non-contact characteristics and is suitable for high temperature, especially millimeter wave frequency.
Resonant cavity method:
The resonant cavity method has a high Q value and can resonate at a specific frequency. After the material sample is put in, the center frequency and q value of the resonator will change. The value of dielectric constant can be calculated by measuring the resonance parameters with and without materials.
Parallel plate capacitance method;
The parallel plate capacitance method forms a capacitor by sandwiching a thin plate material between two electrodes. This method is most suitable for low-frequency accurate measurement of thin films or liquids. A typical measurement system using this method consists of an LCR meter or an impedance analyzer.
Inductance measurement method:
This method deduces the magnetic permeability by measuring the inductance of the material (annular magnetic core). Specific operation: wind several wires on MUT and measure the inductance at both ends of the wires.
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