1. Function characteristics: butachlor is an amide selective herbicide before germination. It is a selective pre-bud herbicide with systemic conduction, which can inhibit the protein synthesis in weeds through the absorption of buds and roots, thus causing weeds to die. Butachlor is effective against weeds before bud and two-leaf stage. The original drug is light yellow oily liquid with slight fragrance, which is non-volatile at room temperature and has good photolysis resistance. The leaching depth in soil is less than L ~ 2 cm. After microbial degradation in soil or water, the active ingredients can be degraded by more than 9% in about 1 days, so it has no effect on the following crops. Low toxicity to human and livestock. Slight irritation to human skin and eyes. Toxic to fish and aquatic organisms.
2. 5% of preparation, 6% of emulsifiable concentrate and 5% of granule.
3. Control object and application technology Butachlor is used to prevent and control gramineous weeds, some Cyperaceae weeds and some broadleaf weeds; Such as barnyard grass, crabgrass, buttercup, Euphorbia, broken sedge, heteromorphic sedge, water amaranth, thrifty vegetables and stranger serving. Weeds in melon fields can be controlled by applying pesticide 1-2 days before seedling or transplanting, with 9-1,5 ml of 6% EC per hectare, 75 kg of water sprayed and covered with plastic film after application.
4. Precautions ① Butachlor is effective against gramineous weeds before the two-leaf stage, but it is not effective against Stellaria. ② This agent is flammable and cannot be stored at high temperature or open flame. ③ Irritant to eyes and skin, so attention should be paid to protection.
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(1) 2,4-d butyl ester [English common name] 2,4-d butyl late5rth.&;
[ chemical name] n-butyl 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid X-WvKH(=w
[ action characteristics] 2,4-D butyl ester is a hormone-selective herbicide of phenoxyacetic acid. Has strong internal absorption conductivity. It is mainly used for stem and leaf treatment after seedling in wheat field. After the liquid medicine is sprayed on the surface of the stem and leaf of weeds, it passes through the stratum corneum and plasma membrane, and finally is transmitted to all parts of the plant. After the weeds were damaged, the stems and leaves were twisted and deformed, and eventually they died. Generally, the broad-leaved weeds will appear abnormal curling symptoms within 24 hours after application, and they will die within 7-15 days. B{u.Yc:
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Because of the differences in external morphology, tissue structure and physiology, plants show different resistance to 2,4-D. Generally, dicotyledonous plants degrade 2,4-D slowly, so their resistance is weak and they are vulnerable, while Gramineae plants can metabolize 2,4-D quickly, which makes them lose their activity. Therefore, the drug has good selectivity between gramineous plant wheat and dicotyledonous weeds. I> zn$d*
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[ preparation] The common preparation is 72% 2,4-D butyl ester EC "qp_*Y
[ application technology] 72% 2,4-D butyl ester EC is used in wheat fields to control and kill descurainia sophia, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium album, Polygonum hydropiper L., and Swinburnum. Suitable application period and dosage: 4-5 ml of 72% 2,4-D butyl ester emulsifiable concentrate and 25-3 kg of water are used per mu during the wheat turning green. 2,4-D butyl ester EC can be mixed with paraquat, bromoxynil, etc., and the dosage is halved to expand the weed control spectrum. Attention should be paid when applying pesticide: 1.2,4-D butyl ester has strong volatility, and pesticide droplets can drift far away in the air, causing damage to sensitive plants. Dicotyledonous crops, such as spinach, beans, cotton, rape and sunflower, which grow at the same time as cereal crops, are very sensitive to it, which is one of the main reasons for the phytotoxicity of broadleaf crops in China. Therefore, the application of the drug should be carried out in windless or windy weather, and it is best to wear a protective cover for the sprayer nozzle to prevent the drug droplets from drifting to the dicotyledonous crop field. This medicine should not be used in wheat fields interplanted with sensitive crops. 2. Strictly control the application period and dosage. Wheat is sensitive to 2,4-D butyl ester before 3 leaves and after jointing, so it is easy to cause wheat phytotoxicity when using drugs at this time. The symptoms of phytotoxicity did not appear until after the heading stage of wheat. When the wheat is lightly heading, it shows that the wheat ear is bent and not easy to be pulled out from the flag leaf, showing a "crane head" shape. In severe cases, the ears of wheat are deformed and become "square-headed" ears. Therefore, the drug should be applied after the 3-leaf stage of wheat and before jointing stage. 3. The equipment for subpackaging and spraying 2,4-D butyl ester should be dedicated to avoid "secondary pollution". 4.2,4-D butyl ester EC should not be in contact with acid-base substances, so as not to reduce the efficacy due to hydrolysis, nor should it be stored with seeds and fertilizers. |n%N'-el
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(2), 2 methyl 4 chloro aB_z4dqwU
[ Chinese common name] 2 methyl 4 chloro sodium J >; M%? Tw
[ English common name] MCPA-na $ ~ \ qow <;
[ chemical name] sodium 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetate K6UA ~ n
[action characteristics] The mode of action and selectivity are the same as those of 2,4-d butyl ester. However, its volatility and action speed are lower and slower than that of 2,4-D butyl ester EC. {1c eF
[ Preparation] 2% 2 methyl 4 sodium chloride salt solution and 56% 2 methyl 4 sodium chloride wettable powder j3F=P
[ Application technology] The weed control spectrum of 2 methyl 4 sodium chloride is basically the same as that of 2,4-D. Suitable application period: in the peak tillering stage of wheat, 2% sodium 2-methyl-4-chloro-4 aqueous solution (25-3 ml) is applied per mu, and 25-3 kg of water is added to spray the stems and leaves evenly. Matters needing attention are the same as those of 2,4-d butyl ester GT'bge
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(iii) dicamba KFS ST
[Chinese common name] dicamba 3g&; MND
[ English common name] dicamba 4'*K\Ul).H
[ other names] Paraquat 3 ~' f = t.y
[chemical name] 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid d_hcv|%
[ The medicine is used for post-seedling spraying, which is quickly absorbed by the leaves, stems and roots of weeds, and is conducted up and down through phloem and xylem. The medicine is mostly concentrated in meristem and parts with strong metabolic activity, which hinders the normal activities of plant hormones and causes them to die. Has obvious control effect on annual and perennial broadleaf weeds. Generally, the broad-leaved weeds will appear abnormal curling symptoms within 24 hours after taking the medicine, and they will die within 1-2 days. " Mtu-\
Gramineae plants such as wheat can quickly undergo metabolic decomposition after absorbing chemicals, so they show strong drug resistance. Sq$|Pad[
[ Preparation] 48% Herb Enema Agent r Y.:}D
[ Application Technology] dicamba is used to control Descurainia sophia, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium album, Grifola frondosa, Crotalaria italica, Buckwheat vine, Xanthium sibiricum, Panicum Cirrhosae, and Equisetum arvense in wheat fields. Suitable application period and dosage: from tillering to jointing stage, 25-4ml of 48% paraquat dichloride is used per mu, 2-3kg of water is added and sprayed evenly. In order to expand the herbicidal spectrum, paraquat can be mixed with other herbicides with different herbicidal spectrum. Like 2,4-D, it is forbidden to drift to the surrounding sensitive crops when applied in dicamba. Dicamba should not be used before the 3-leaf stage and after the jointing stage in order to avoid phytotoxicity. b*i+uV?
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(4), bromobenzonitrile. s; /v-f
[Chinese common name] bromobenzonitrile 1f/&; Y}X
[ English common name] bromoxinil/jas` "u
[other names] padner o6oyj` py
[chemical name] 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy-1-cyanobenzene+l \ DP
. Mainly absorbed by leaves, it conducts extremely limited conduction in plants, and quickly causes plant tissue necrosis by inhibiting various processes of photosynthesis. Within 24 hours of application, the leaves faded and necrotic spots appeared. Under the condition of high temperature and strong light, accelerate the leaf dying. @UX`9]-P
[ Preparation] Landong 22.5% EC I (<: EvS
[ Application technology] Bromobenzonitrile was used in wheat fields to control descurainia sophia, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium album, Polygonum hydropiper, Polygonum aviculare, buckwheat vine, sodium, chickweed and so on. No control effect on gramineous weeds. Suitable application period and dosage: in the 3-5 leaf stage of wheat, when the broad-leaved weeds grow vigorously before the 4-leaf stage, use 1-15 ml of 22.5% bromoxynil EC per mu and add 25-3 kg of water to spray evenly. This drug can be mixed with 2,4-D butyl ester or 2-methyl-4-chloro-sodium, etc. to expand the weed control spectrum. The mixed dosage is halved compared with the single use of each drug. The drug is a contact herbicide for stem and leaf treatment, and the application period should be as early as possible. When the weed plants are large, the weeding effect is reduced. In addition, if there is rain after application, it should be re-sprayed. DQd& :J@?
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(5) Thifensulfuron F(9T; F
[ Chinese common name] Thifensulfuron ` 4MPXfoBL
[ English common name ]thifensulfuron "d'@IN
[ product name] Thifensulfuron, Broadleaf Powder, Harmony $ fj7' @ 1 (
[chemical name] 3-
[ Characteristics of action] Thifensulfuron-methyl is a sulfonylurea systemic conductive post-seedling selective herbicide and an inhibitor of acetolactate synthase (ALS). After being absorbed by the leaves and roots of plants, the medicine prevents the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids by inhibiting the acetolactate synthase of plants, thus inhibiting cell division and stopping the growth of plant meristem, and dies 2-4 weeks after taking the medicine. Wheat has resistance to thifensulfuron and is safe at normal dosage. Thifensulfuron was decomposed by aerobic microorganisms in soil, and it was harmless to the growth of the next crop after 3 days. 'JydaF~>
[ Preparation] R > 75% Baoshui water dispersible granule, 15% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, etc. L[1o
[ Application technology] Thifensulfuron is used to control broad-leaved weeds in wheat fields, such as descurainia sophia, shepherd's purse, Erigeron japonicus, Kochia scoparia, Chenopodium album, Polygonum hydropiper, Polygonum aviculare, Grifola frondosa, etc. The drug has a good control effect on the wheat bottle grass which can not be controlled by 2,4-D butyl esters. It has no effect on gramineous weeds. Suitable medication period and dosage: wheat can be used from seedling stage to booting stage. In order to save the application amount, 1-3 grams of 75% water dispersible granules can be used per mu in the 2-4 leaf stage of weeds, and 25-3 kilograms of water can be added for uniform spraying. Attention should be paid to the application of the drug: 1. Weeds respond slowly to the drug. When the drug is used at low temperature, all weeds will die more than 4 weeks after the drug is applied, and it is not necessary to rush to weed artificially before the weeding effect is seen. 2. The drug has high activity and low dosage, so it should be made into mother liquor before being poured into the sprayer. At the same time, due to the strong activity of this medicine, the medical equipment should be cleaned promptly and thoroughly after taking it. WG,{:|! E
(VI) tribenuron-methyl yl] x >; 7T~4t
[ Chinese common name] tribenuron-methyl uv$y"1'g
[ English common name] tribenuron-methyl j <: [< QU:
[ product name] superstar, Mai Lele, etc! O'DM+
[ chemical name] 3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazinyl-2-yl)-1-(2-methoxyformylphenyl) sulfonylurea XX =A1#H
[ action characteristics] Bensulfuron is sulfonylurea. After being absorbed by the leaves and roots of plants, the medicine prevents the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids by inhibiting the acetolactate synthase of plants, thus inhibiting cell division and stopping the growth of plant meristem, and dies 2-4 weeks after taking the medicine. Wheat has strong resistance to tribenuron-methyl, which is safe at normal dosage. The residual period of the drug in soil is longer than that of thiophanate-methyl, and it is harmless to the next crop after 6 days. E? V:dr
[ preparation] Li' # <: "R?
[ Application technology] Bensulfuron-methyl is used to control broad-leaved weeds in wheat fields, such as descurainia sophia, shepherd's purse, ion grass, Chenopodium album, Polygonum cuspidatum, Kochia scoparia, Polygonum aviculare, Herba Polygoni Avicularis, Maijiagong, Stellaria straminea, and Rhizoma anemarrhenae, and has a good control effect on some broad-leaved weeds that cannot be controlled by 2,4-D butyl esters. It has no effect on gramineous weeds. Suitable medication period and dosage: 2 leaves to booting stage of wheat. There are two periods: autumn use and spring use. In autumn, it is usually applied from the 3rd leaf of wheat to the tillering stage in autumn. The dosage is 5-7.5g of 1% dry tribenuron-methyl wettable powder per mu, and 25-3kg of water is added for spraying. The application in spring is carried out from the turning green to booting stage of wheat, and the dosage is 7.5-15g of 1% dry tribenuron-methyl wettable powder per mu, and 3-35kg of water is added for spraying. Bensulfuron-methyl is also very safe for wheat, and spraying it from emergence to booting stage has no effect on wheat yield. Bensulfuron-methyl can be mixed with 2,4-D butyl ester and 2-methyl-4-chloro-sodium to expand the weed control spectrum. When applying this drug, we should pay attention to the following points: 1. Weeds react slowly to tribenuron-methyl, and all the weeds can die more than 4 weeks after application, so we should not rush to weed artificially before the effect is seen. 2. Bensulfuron-methyl should be used as early as possible in wheat fields in double cropping areas, and weeds should basically sprout before winter or sprayed before March 2 in spring. If it is sprayed too late, the early growth of interplanting crops such as peanuts will be easily affected by the residual efficacy of pesticides in the soil. Pppxu \ a
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(7) metsulfuron vR-/c
[ Chinese common name] metsulfuron o_cj-
[ English common name] metsulfuron-methyl _ m? : N:e
[ product name] metsulfuron! ! 9V[
[ chemical name] 2-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazinyl-2-carbamoyl aminosulfonyl) methyl benzoate H' 16 "J >;
[ action characteristics] Isobensulfuron. The effect of this drug is faster than that of tribenuron-methyl, but its residual effect in soil is longer, and it is still harmful to sensitive crops after 1 days. RxqXGM`4
[ Preparation] Methsulfuron-methyl 1% wettable powder and other Vy #
[Application technology] Methsulfuron-methyl is used to control broad-leaved weeds such as descurainia sophia, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium album, Erigeron mairei, Kochia scoparia, Polygonum hydropiper, Polygonum aviculare, Crotalaria macrophylla, Sophora sodium and broken rice in wheat fields. It is ineffective for most gramineous weeds. Appropriate medication time