The change and invariability of independent enrollment
Peking University, Tsinghua University, Wuhan University and other universities have recently issued 20 18 independent enrollment brochures and enrollment plans, aiming at independently selecting outstanding students with academic expertise and innovation potential for the whole country.
20 18 college entrance examination enrollment curtain is slowly unfolding. This year, the college entrance examination reform will be comprehensively promoted. Following the successful implementation of the reform of the college entrance examination enrollment system in Shanghai and Zhejiang last year, 17 provinces will start the new college entrance examination reform; This year, the construction of "double first-class" has entered an intensive construction period. Being in a new era, facing new goals and shouldering new tasks, the training of talents that begins with talent selection must reach a new level.
What is the position of independent enrollment in the process of college entrance examination reform and what role will it play in building a "double-class" China University? What are the characteristics, signals, symbolic significance and guiding role of independent enrollment policies of schools this year? The reporter combed carefully, interviewed the heads of relevant universities and related experts, and deeply analyzed the logical chain behind independent enrollment.
The policy is basically stable. The exam time is still after the college entrance examination.
As of March 27th, the website of "Sunshine College Entrance Examination" of the Ministry of Education published a list of 90 colleges and universities with independent enrollment qualifications in 20 18, of which 77 colleges and universities enrolled students nationwide and 13 colleges and universities enrolled students in their own provinces and cities.
The reporter found that compared with last year, Peking University's policy of independent enrollment remained basically stable, and enrollment majors were divided into two categories: general and medical. General enrollment majors include science experimental classes/liberal arts experimental classes, mathematics, physics, astronomy and so on. Medical enrollment majors include clinical medicine (eight-year bachelor's degree and doctoral degree combined study), clinical medicine (five-year program) and basic medicine (eight-year bachelor's degree and doctoral degree combined study).
Since 20 17, there are two major disciplines of science and liberal arts in Tsinghua University, including architecture, civil engineering, electronic information, liberal arts, humanities and society. Among them, the direction of humanities and social studies (the direction of Confucian classics) still requires applicants to have a systematic education and be able to recite the three-character classics and hundreds of surnames; Have a good foundation of Confucian classics, and can recite one of the four books, the Book of Changes and the Book of Songs; I have the basic knowledge of philology, learned Shuo Wen Jie Zi, can write 540 radicals of seal script, and can simply explain the "Six Books".
In 20 18, China Renmin University enrolled 142 students, and the majors were divided into four categories: humanities experimental classes and science experimental classes (information and mathematics). Beijing Normal University plans to enroll 124 students, including "leading plan" and "climbing plan". Beihang University has seven professional categories to participate in independent enrollment this year, with a total enrollment limit of 200. Although Peking University and Tsinghua have not announced the specific enrollment numbers, they all emphasize that "it is better to be short than to be excessive".
The reporter found that most schools will still give priority to candidates who enroll independently. Peking University offers a discount of 20 to 60 points, and some outstanding students can "lower their admission", while Tsinghua generally offers a discount of 10 to 60 points. People's University of China divides the preferential policies for self-enrollment into two categories: 60 points for those with top scores in humanities, 60 points for experimental classes in science (information and mathematics), or one-line admission.
Some colleges and universities have also issued corresponding targeted policies for candidates in the pilot provinces of college entrance examination reform. For example, university of international business and economics's preferential score for Zhejiang and Shanghai candidates is 20 points on the minimum admission control reference line for independent enrollment, and the requirement for Jiangsu candidates' academic level is AB+. In addition, according to the 20 18 independent enrollment schedule, the independent enrollment examination time of each school is still arranged after the college entrance examination.
It is unscientific to measure students with the same ruler.
On March 2 1 day, the Ministry of Education deployed the "20 18" high school entrance examination work, and made it clear that this year's college entrance examination enrollment will completely cancel the national college entrance examination bonus items such as the Olympics and science and technology competitions for middle school students. Subsequently, the "Announcement on Standardizing the Management of Competition Listing, Naming and Commendation Activities in the Field of Basic Education" was issued, and it was proposed that the results of competitions in the field of basic education can only be regarded as honors, not as the basis for enrollment in primary and secondary schools.
When the society is cooling down for the "Olympic Games fever" in an all-round way and trying to reduce the burden on students, the reporter found that Wuhan University deleted for the first time the provision that "students have priority in winning prizes, publishing papers and obtaining patent results in various competitions in high school".
"In fact, at the school enrollment work conference at the end of 20 17, it was confirmed that the requirements of the Olympic Games and papers in independent enrollment were deleted." Wang Fu, director of the Admissions Office of Wuhan University, told reporters that this is due to the consideration of "not only competitions and certificates, but also papers and patents". "Many years of self-enrollment practice has proved that it is unscientific to evaluate students with the same ruler. It is easy to cause wrong social orientation by relying entirely on competition results and published papers."
Wang Fu introduced that this year, according to students' academic expertise, innovation potential and their comprehensive performance in ideological and moral, academic level and social practice, they will be collectively evaluated and selected by the expert group. However, the reporter consulted the Wuhan University Admissions Guide and found that the "proof materials" voluntarily provided by candidates can include award-winning certificates, papers, publications, literary works, invention patents and so on.
Is it an example or a common phenomenon to delete "Olympic Games" from the registration conditions of independent enrollment? The reporter found that at present, more than 90% colleges and universities still recognize candidates' achievements in mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and informatics, and science competition awards are still the main conditions for independent enrollment.
In fact, excluding the Olympic results from the application conditions will make the operation of independent enrollment and selection more complicated. For the self-enrollment examination, the favor of the Olympic Games lies in its gold content.
The application conditions for independent enrollment in Tsinghua University are divided into research and creation, outstanding talents and discipline Olympic Games. Liu Zhen, director of the Admissions Office of Tsinghua University, said that the results of the Olympic Games reflected the students' specialty in a certain subject to some extent. However, he also introduced that, despite this, the subject competition conditions are only one of the application conditions, not the only one. Candidates who meet other requirements such as scientific and technological invention, research practice, literary creation and innovative design can also apply for the exam.
Compared with the "hard leverage" of winning prizes in academic competitions, the evaluation criteria of liberal arts students have been "unclear" in independent enrollment and selection. In 2065438+2008, although there was a description of the prize level of humanities competition in the college self-enrollment brochure, there was little mention of China arts competition in specific events, and mainstream arts competitions such as new concept composition in previous years were ignored to some extent. In the enrollment brochures of some colleges and universities, the conditions for liberal arts students to apply for the exam are expressed as subject specialty and innovation potential "excellent talents and great potential".
Compared with previous years, scientific and technological innovation events have gradually become the new favorite. According to incomplete statistics, more than 60% of colleges and universities have recognized scientific and technological innovation awards this year, especially the youth scientific and technological innovation competition and the middle school student computer production competition. Among them, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Southwest University, beijing university of chemical technology and other schools recognized candidates' achievements in robot contest, and China Teenagers.
Sending papers contains "business opportunities". The Ministry of Education has clearly cracked down on fraud related to independent enrollment.
According to the reporter's observation, this year, "publishing papers" still appeared in the independent enrollment brochures of more than half of universities such as Beijing Jiaotong University, Tongji University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
In the eyes of some people, this "clear requirement" contains "business opportunities". The reporter once interviewed Wang Xing, the editor of a periodical. He revealed that the number of consulting papers published before independent enrollment will increase due to similar regulations in colleges and universities. And some intermediaries also make false propaganda and collect money in the name of outsourcing, pre-test counseling and providing so-called patent papers.
The reporter's observation was confirmed by Wang Fu. He said frankly: "Since the emergence of independent enrollment, some parents and intermediaries have simply regarded it as a' new way' to enter prestigious schools, which has caused the proliferation of competitions, patents and papers, and seriously interfered with the normal order of independent enrollment in colleges and universities."
In view of the above problems, on March 23rd, the Ministry of Education issued a document stressing that it will crack down on all kinds of fraud linked to independent enrollment with relevant departments, further purify the enrollment environment for college examinations and safeguard educational equity. At the same time, the Ministry of Education requires colleges and universities to further strengthen the qualification examination and assessment of independent enrollment, and puts forward the "five strictness" work requirements such as strict registration conditions, strict material examination, strict school assessment, strict supervision and restriction, and severe punishment for fraud.
It is understood that in 20 17, relevant universities and other units conducted a strict review of the registration materials of candidates enrolled independently. For cheating candidates, the relevant universities and education departments have severely punished them and cancelled their qualifications for independent enrollment and college entrance examination that year.
The Ministry of Education reminds the majority of candidates to abide by laws and regulations, apply for independent enrollment, and don't trust the temptations of various institutions and others, so as not to be deceived and suffer losses.
Each enrollment type has its own emphasis and will gradually adapt to the college entrance examination reform.
In 2003, the Ministry of Education launched a pilot program of independent enrollment in colleges and universities. During the period of 15, independent enrollment has undergone several reforms so far: at present, all independent enrollment and selection are organized by pilot universities, and some written test alliances such as NATO, Kazuki Watanabe musician and Excellence no longer exist; The model of "secondary school recommendation is the main one, supplemented by personal recommendation" which has been used for many years has also been replaced by "students self-recommended registration"; After the college entrance examination, the exams and tests will be arranged in a unified way.
"On the basis of maintaining the fairness and authority of the college entrance examination, independent enrollment is a supplement to the current unified college entrance examination enrollment." Liu Zhen believes that it has a clear positioning of "selecting outstanding students with academic expertise and innovation potential". The practice in recent years shows that independent enrollment not only improves the autonomy of schools, but also expands the scope of students' choices. After years of experiments, colleges and universities have a clearer standard for the selection of special talents.
Qin Chunhua, president of Peking University Examination and Research Institute, agrees. Self-enrollment has broken the curse of "score-only theory" to a certain extent, and has played a certain balance role in exam-oriented training. It also helps college admissions institutions to gradually accumulate experience in selecting candidates without relying on scores, improve their enrollment ability, and have a positive impact on talent training in colleges and universities and basic education in middle schools. He said: "The construction of" double first-class "has always emphasized the importance of talent training. Independent enrollment plays an important role in improving the quality of talent training from the source by intervening in the talent selection process. "