2. More importantly, South Korea's economy is still developing rapidly, and its growth rate is second only to China and India among the world's top 15 economies.
South Korea is a small country and a big country.
South Korea is a small country, first of all, a small political country. South Korea has little sense of existence in the world political arena.
1894- 1945 was colonized by Japan for 50 years, during which the country of Korea can be said to have ceased to exist in the world. It is these 50 years that have witnessed great changes in world history. Mankind fought two world wars, laying the foundation and forming today's world pattern. In the crucial 50 years when great changes have taken place in human society and major nations are fighting for living space in brutal wars, South Korea has no chance to participate. This is the sorrow of the colonized countries.
The status of a country and a nation is played out by war and determined by the human nature of bullying the weak and fearing the hard.
American troops are still stationed on the territory of South Korea, and the command of the army is in the hands of the United States. Similarly, Japan and Germany have strong national and economic strength. Why are their political influence not as good as that of Britain, France and Russia? Similarly, if you want to compete on the stage, you must win. The law of human society is as simple as that.
South Korea is still a small country in territory. At present, its territory is only10.010,000 square kilometers, which is less than one fifth of that of France and one third of that of Germany and Japan. Even a small country like Britain is more than twice as big as South Korea.
Even if South Korea is unified, it will not be as big as the British Isles.
Look at the picture below. If you are Korean, you will have countless opportunities to see the following picture when you grow up from a child to an adult, just as a China person has countless opportunities to see a map of China when he is growing up.
Put yourself on this map and feel the psychological feelings of Koreans. On this map, North Korea is a country as big as you, and Japan across the sea is already a big country you can look up to.
Further west are two superpowers. The area of a northeast alone is 10 times of yours. Are there fears of being surrounded by foreign powers? No wonder Koreans are so eager for the territory of northeast China and have a special feeling.
But on the other hand, South Korea is a big country. First look at the population. Internationally, the population of more than 50 million is called a populous country. 2065438+February 8, 2006, the Ministry of Administration and Self-government of Korea released a message that the registered population of Korea reached 516900 in 2065438+2006.
If Korea is placed in Europe, although its total population is not comparable to Germany with a population of 80 million, nor to Britain, France and Italy with a population of 60 million, it is larger than Spain with a population of more than 46 million, and it is a populous country that can be tied with Germany, Italy, Britain, France and West.
South Korea is also an economic and industrial power. In 20 16, the total GDP of Korea reached 1.4 1 trillion dollars, ranking 1 1 in the world, surpassing Russia 1.28 trillion dollars and Spain 1.23 trillion dollars.
In terms of industrial output value, South Korea is the eighth largest industrial country in the world.
The following figure comes from the World Bank database, the industrial added value of major countries in the world in 20 15 years. For the convenience of viewing, I have removed China and the United States, which are far ahead.
It can be seen that South Korea's industrial added value in 20 15 years was US$ 476.023 billion, which was lower than that in Britain's US$ 494.92 billion and Canada's US$ 497.8 billion (the World Bank only had data for Canada in 20 13 years).
It is 42 1.76 billion US dollars more than France, 402.3 billion US dollars more than Russia, 384.88 billion US dollars more than Italy and 346.2 billion US dollars more than Brazil, that is, the industrial added value of Korea ranks eighth in the world after China, the United States, Japan, Germany, Britain, India and Canada.
We all know that there is a G8 meeting in the west every year, that is, the seven industrialized countries in the west+Russia. These seven industrialized countries refer to the United States, Japan, Germany, Britain, France, Italy and Canada.
It is a fact that Canada is not Spain. Some people may suspect that Canada is actually one of the G-7 countries, and its industry is very strong. During World War II, Canada produced a lot of weapons and energy for Britain, and its industry developed rapidly, becoming a major industrial country in the world. Both the United States and Canada benefited a lot from World War II. In Saving Private Ryan, American soldiers shed blood on Omaha beach. As a matter of fact, there were five beaches in Normandy, two in the US, two in the British and one in Canada. This shows the military status of Canada at that time.
Back to Korea itself, in fact, if South Korea is placed in the Group of Seven industrialized countries, its industrial output value will surpass Italy and France, ranking sixth. Therefore, in theory, just looking at its industrial output value, South Korea is eligible to attend the G8 meeting.
South Korea is not only an economic power, but also one of the fastest growing countries in the world's top 15 economies. Among the major countries in the world, the growth rate is only behind China and India. From 20 10 to 20 16, the world ranking of Korea's total GDP rose from 15 to1.
Among the global top 15 economies, except China and India, the country with the third fastest economic growth of 20 10 -20 16 is South Korea. In 20 10-20 16, the average economic growth rate of Korea was 3.48%, second only to China and India.
Among the world's top 15 economies, only five countries have a seven-year average economic growth rate of more than 2% from 20 10 to 20 16.
Apart from China, India and South Korea, the fourth place is Australia with 2.8%, and the fifth place is Canada with 2.5%.
The economic growth rate of other 65,438+00 countries, including the United States, was less than 2% in seven years.
Of course, except for the former 15, Indonesia has developed rapidly, but it has not yet reached the former 15.
In 20 16, the Korean economy grew by 3.24%, which is still only behind China and India in the global 15.
In 20 10, the total economic output of Korea was 986.26 billion US dollars, ranking 15 in the world. From 20 10 to 20 16, it has surpassed Mexico, Spain, Russia and Australia. The ranking has been promoted to 1 1.
South Korea's economic growth rate will not decrease, and it will surpass Canada and Brazil to become one of the top ten economic powers in the world, and the Korean nation will enter the top ten for the first time!
South Korea's per capita GDP rose from 49.4% in Japan in 20 10 to 70.7% in Japan in 20 16, and the per capita GDP gradually approached Japan.
Why does South Korea's economy grow so fast? We observed from several sets of data:
1: I got on the China Economic Express. It can be said that there would be no South Korea today without China.
Ask a simple question, which country is China's biggest import source? Which country does China buy the most goods? You might say, Japan? America? Germany?
Neither. Since 20 13, South China has been the largest source of imports. In other words, China people buy more foreign goods than Koreans.
Yonhap News Agency 2017 65438+1October 3 1 Korean Trade Association Beijing Representative Office1October 3 1 day, according to the import and export statistics of China General Administration of Customs 20 16, 201day. That is to say, in 20 16, South Korea's total export was 495.5 billion US dollars, one third of which was exported to China.
In fact, the most we buy is Korean goods, so don't call for a boycott of Japanese and American goods in the future.
In 20 16, South Korea's trade surplus with China reached 37.5 billion US dollars.
About 15% of Samsung Electronics' sales come from China market, and 20% of Hyundai Motor's car sales come from China market.
This year, due to the influence of Sadr on the political climate of China and South Korea, Hyundai Motor's sales in China in the first quarter of 20 17 fell to 206,000 vehicles, which was 14.4% lower than that of 240,000 vehicles in 20 16, directly dragging down the group's automobile sales from10.8 million vehicles.
Samsung's mobile phone sales in China dropped sharply, with a market share of only 3.3% in the first quarter of 20 17 and 8.6% in the first quarter of 20 16, with an avalanche of sales decline.
Tourism is also one of the pillar industries in Korea, with more than 8 million China tourists visiting Korea every year.
According to Korean official statistics, 20 174 18000 foreigners entered China. Among them, China has the largest number of tourists, exceeding 8.268 million, accounting for 47.5%.
The number of tourists coming to Korea has also decreased significantly this year. For example, in March this year, the number of visitors to South Korea dropped by 39.4%, and South Korea is expected to drop by about 50% for the whole year.
It can be said that without China, there would be no rapid economic development in South Korea today. China has been buying the most Korean goods for so many years and tolerates a huge deficit of tens of billions of dollars every year. I hope South Korea can stand on the side of China, because Korean products are highly substitutable. South Korea should realize this.
Sade actually puts South Korea in an economic and security dilemma.
Of course, apart from China's economic express, South Korea's own efforts are the core. The Vietnamese population in the Philippines is much larger than that in South Korea. What happened?
2. Concentrate on developing fist industry.
South Korea is deeply aware that it is a small country, and it faces fierce competition from China, Japan and Taiwan Province Province of China. China is a superpower with a population of one billion, while Japan has a population of 100 million, while Taiwan Province Province is backed by the mainland market, with the same language and species.
If South Korea wants to win in the competition, it adopts the practice of supporting super consortia to develop fist industries.
The figure below shows the data of the five largest consortia with the highest assets in Korea in 2009, but their positions have not changed so far. Samsung first, Hyundai second, SK third, LG fourth, Lotte fifth.
Everyone knows that South Korea's Samsung is very strong. Let's take a look at Hyundai Group, the second largest consortium in Korea. There are actually four Fortune 500 departments in the Modern Department. They are Hyundai Motor, Kia Motors, Hyundai Mobius Auto Parts and Hyundai Heavy Industry.
South Korea's third largest SK Group is engaged in telecommunications, petroleum, energy and chemical industries. It never occurred to us that South Korea is actually an oil producer, because SK Group owns oil fields in more than a dozen countries and is engaged in oil exploration business.
Everyone knows that the memory in our mobile phone is SK, the sixth largest semiconductor company in the world. Hynix and SK Group also have a large number of shares.
In addition, SK Telecom is the mainstream operator in Korea. Look at the average Internet speed in Korea, which ranks first in the world.
South Korea's fourth largest LG consortium also has three Fortune 500 companies, namely LG Electronics, LG Display and GS Caltex. You may think that you have heard of the first two companies. Why haven't you heard of GS Caltex, the world's top 500 company? Is a petrochemical company engaged in oil refining and lubricating oil production, ranking 43 1 in the Forbes list in 20 16, with revenue of 25.06 billion dollars.
Korea's fifth largest Lotte Department Store is also one of the top 500 in the world. This company has heard about the Sadr incident.
In addition to the five consortia, South Korea also has Fortune 500 companies such as Posco Steel and Hanwha Group. Hanwha has a large chemical industry and solar energy business.
South Korea has developed some world-class industries by concentrating its strength through consortia.
1) Korea's display panel industry is leading the world.
Let's talk about the display panel industry with the largest advantage in South Korea, which is very big, because it is the third largest industrial product imported by China in terms of import volume.
South Korea is the absolute overlord of this industry. Why? Only four companies, China, South Korea, Taiwan Province and Japan, play in this industry. Samsung, the world's number one, shows its turnover of RMB 2163.2 billion (at the exchange rate of 165 won).
In contrast, the turnover of BOE 20 16, the largest enterprise in China, was only 68.9 billion RMB.
JDI 20 16, the largest and only display panel company in Japan, has less turnover than BOE.
Not only does Samsung monopolize the shipment of organic light-emitting diode panels for mobile phones (it can be produced in China now, but it has not been mass-produced), but LG Display also monopolizes the shipment of large and medium-sized organic light-emitting diode panels.
2) Korean smartphones rank first in the world.
As I wrote in my previous article, this is one of the most profitable industries in the world. Samsung's smartphone division's revenue in 20 16 was $89.4 billion, ranking second in the world after Apple. Note that it is only the revenue of smartphones.
And Huawei, the third in the world? The revenue of the entire consumer business, including tablet computers, in 20 16 was only over 20 billion dollars.
3) Korean TV without challenger
This is a market completely ignored by Chinese people. China people may think that China's household appliances have basically defeated Korean and Japanese, but in fact, domestic TV sets are only emerging in the China market.
But in the world market, Samsung and LG have dominated the world TV market for many years, and now there is no opponent in the world who can challenge the Korean duo.
At present, the top five TV brands in the world are Samsung, LG, Hisense, TCL and Sony. How big is the gap between them?
Samsung has occupied the world's largest TV brand for many years, with a shipment of 47.9 million units in 20 16. The second-ranked LG 2065 438+06 has a shipment of 28.2 million units, and Samsung is nearly 70% more than LG.
Hisense, the third in the world, shipped 2013.3 million units in 0/6, and TCL, the fourth in the world, shipped 0/3.2 million units in 0/6, less than half of LG and slightly more than a quarter of Samsung.
What's more, the growth rate of TV sales of Hisense and TCL is very slow, with Hisense increasing by 1.6% in 2065, 3.9% in 438+05, 0.2% in TCL in 2065 and 0.8% in 2065, which almost stagnated.
Sony TV 20 16 is the fifth in the world and the worst among the five TV brands. Once the largest TV brand in the world, it was the third largest TV brand in the world in 20 14. In 20 15 years, its shipments decreased 19.3% and 20 16 years. In just two years, it was surpassed by China TV brands Hisense and TCL, and the shipment in 20 16 years was only11700,000.
4) Korea's semiconductor industry ranked first in the world.
The semiconductor industry is one of the most profitable industries in the world. Let's take a look at the top 20 semiconductors in 20 16. In 20 16, the operating income of South Korea's Samsung and Hynix was US$ 58.7 billion, ranking second in the world after the United States.
The third place in the world is Europe, where there are three NXP+Infineon +ST companies, with US$ 24.35 billion. Europe as a whole is less than half that of South Korea.
The fourth place in the world is Japan, and Sony+Renesas+Toshiba add up to $265,438+37.4 million, only 36.4% of South Korea's.
5) Posco makes iron, which is bigger than the impression of Chinese people.
Who is the largest steel enterprise in China, Japan and Korea? Baosteel in China? Nippon Steel of Japan? The answer is South Korea's Posco Steel.
According to Forbes' ranking of the world's top 500 companies in 20 16, South Korea's Posco Steel Company ranked second in the world in revenue, reaching $5 175 billion, second only to Mittal Iron and Steel Group.
In contrast, Nippon Steel & Sumitomo, the largest Japanese company, earned $40.88 billion, while China Baosteel earned $36.6./kloc-0.0 billion.
Of course, with the merger of China Baosteel and WISCO into Baowu Group, it is expected to surpass Posco Steel.
6) Korean cars have a place in the world.
In 20 16, Hyundai-Kia sold 8176,000 vehicles, surpassing Honda, GM and Ford, ranking fourth in the world, accounting for 9% of the world market.
7) Construction machinery and offshore engineering equipment
In 20 16, Doosan Machinery of Korea ranked 6th in the world construction machinery, with a world market share of 3.8%.
South Korea's orders for offshore engineering equipment, that is, oil drilling platforms, semi-submersible boats and the like, have long been ranked second in the world, second only to China and ahead of Singapore.
20 16 China, south Korea and Singapore rank among the top three in the world in the field of marine engineering equipment.
In fact, in 20 17, Samsung heavy industries took the lead in acquiring offshore engineering equipment, and the semi-submersible production platform from British BP company won a large order of 127 billion US dollars. This year, South Korea's sales of offshore engineering equipment are expected to compete fiercely with China.
9) Petrochemical industry
In 20 16, four Korean companies entered the top 50 chemical companies in the world, namely LG Chemical, Lotte Chemical, SK Petrochemical and Hanwha Petrochemical.
10) shipbuilding
China, Japan and South Korea are the three largest shipbuilding countries in the world, among which China and South Korea are ahead of Japan.
In 20 16, the shipbuilding completion was 35.94 million tons in China, 36.3 million tons in South Korea and 210.85 million tons in Japan.
There are three shipyards in Korea: Hyundai Heavy Industries, Samsung Heavy Industries and Daewoo Shipbuilding.
Besides making and comparing Korean Wave, Korean drama, Korean makeup and Hanbok, we all know that girls in our country are not the only ones who like it very much. There are many videos of Korean stars visiting Japan on Youtube, and the madness of the scene is beyond my expectation.
It is no problem to say that the Korean Wave swept across Asia.
3. Pay attention to innovation and R&D. South Korea has the highest R&D intensity in the world. Yes, it is the highest, no one.
1) Korea is the fifth largest international patent applicant for PCT in the world, next only to the United States, Japan and Germany.
South Korea is the country with the second fastest growth rate of patent applications in the world in the past 15 years, second only to China.
In 2000, the number of PCT international patent applications in Korea was only 1582, accounting for 1.7% in the world, 38.2% in France, 32.9% in Britain, 0/2.6% in Germany, 0/6.5% in Japan and 4.2% in the United States.
In 2005, the number of PCT international patent applications in Korea soared to 4,689, three times that of five years ago, accounting for 3.43% of the world, 8 1.6% in France, 92% in Britain, 29.3% in Germany, 8.85% in Japan and 0/0% in the United States.
In 2006, South Korea surpassed Britain in PCT patent application and France in 2007.
Yes, the number of international PCT patents in Korea surpassed that in Britain and France 10 years ago.
In 20 16, the number of international patent applications for PCT in South Korea increased to 15554, which was three times that of 2005, accounting for 6.69% of the world, ranking fifth in the world, second only to the United States, Japan, China and Germany. Except for the faster growth in China, the gap with Germany, Japan and the United States was greatly narrowed.
It is worth mentioning that from 2065438 to 2006, the number of PCT patent applications in South Korea still maintained a rapid growth, with an increase rate of 6.8%, second only to China's 44.5% and the Netherlands' 7.9%, but the Netherlands did not maintain a sustained high-speed growth.
Therefore, it can be said that in the past 15 years, the number of PCT patent applications in the world increased the fastest, with China ranking first and South Korea second. ?
2) Korea is the last15 r&; D The country with the fastest increase in the proportion of capital to GDP (yes, faster than China), 20 15 Korean R&; D the proportion of capital to GDP is the highest in the world.
Why is Korea's economic development and PCT patent application so fast? We can get a glimpse from the research and development funds.
From 2000 to 20 16, R & ampD. Who is the country with the fastest growth in R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP? The answer is Korea.
In 2000, South Korea's R & ampD R&D expenditure accounted for only 2. 18% of GDP, ranking eighth among OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, composed of 35 market economy countries). But by 20 15, it has reached the peak of 4.289%, surpassing Israel's 4.27% in that year and ranking first in the world.
15 years increased by 2. 1 several percentage points, exceeding all countries in the world. Some people may ask, what about China? 20 16 years in China is 2.075%. Even from scratch, the biggest increase is 2.075 percentage points.
In 20 16, the proportion of South Korea decreased slightly from 4.289% to 4.232%, and then fell to the second place, but it was almost the same as the first place in Israel. Japan ranks third in the world, about 3.5%.
For other reasons, I won't go into details in this article. The purpose of writing this article is not to brag about how strong South Korea is.
On the contrary, I am not very optimistic about the future of Korea. This article lists the top ten manufacturing industries in Korea, such as steel, shipbuilding, display panels, semiconductors, automobiles, chemicals, smart phones, household appliances, construction machinery and offshore equipment. Each of them is facing the competition from China, with enemies like clouds, such as China Changjiang Storage Company, which directly confronts Samsung and Hynix Memory, and Huawei, OPPO, VIVO, Xiaomi and smart phones.
However, the strength and resilience of South Korea are actually beyond the general cognition of Chinese people. From last year to this year's Sadr incident, Samsung's mobile phone sales in South China fell sharply, Hyundai's sales in China fell sharply, and the number of Korean tourists visiting South Korea dropped sharply. I have been thinking about how much impact it will have on the Korean economy. However, the latest GDP data of Korea in the first quarter of 2065438+2007 still increased by 2.9%, compared with 3.24% and 2.9% last year. The economic growth rate of developed countries is basically below 2%.
In other words, the impact of China-ROK relations on the Korean economy is not as great as we thought, and the seventh largest industrial country in the world is not so easy to compete and collapse.
Of course, if China is determined to contact the ROK, there must be a way. In the first quarter of 20 17, the bilateral import and export volume of goods between South Korea and China was US$ 56.94 billion, up by 16.8% year-on-year. Among them, South Korea's exports to China were US$ 33.57 billion, a year-on-year increase of17.6%; South Korea imported $23.37 billion from China, up 15.6% year-on-year. South Korea's trade surplus was US$ 654.38+US$ 0.02 billion, up by 22.6%. China is related to the surplus of $654.38+000 billion this quarter.
Thanks to China's efforts, South Korea's economic growth rate will drop below 3%, and China may continue to use some measures to reduce the growth rate to 2%.
In fact, if the population of South Korea is as large as that of Japan today, by 20 16, its economic aggregate will be enlarged to 2.5 times, ranking fourth in the world, second only to the United States, China and Japan, and its economic development speed will not be slow, which will only cause greater pressure on our industrial competition.
Finally, it is time to enhance national pride. After reading this article, is there a feeling that South Korea is going to heaven?
However, there is a province in China that can single out South Korea in the next few years, with an area of/kloc-0.02 million square kilometers and South Korea/kloc-0.02 million square kilometers. At the end of 2065.438+06, the population of this province was 55.9 million, and that of South Korea was 5.65438+0.69 million.
In 20 16, the province's GDP was converted into US dollars at the exchange rate of 6.8, which was 48.5% of that of South Korea, and the growth rate was 7.5%, which was more than twice that of South Korea. Then the question is, who owns this province?