The National Committee of Uniform Law of Canada has stipulated three methods to infer the integrity and reliability of electronic evidence in the first, second and third paragraphs of Article 5 of the Uniform Electronic Evidence Act 1998, which is very worthy of our study and reference. ① If the computer system on which electronic evidence depends has reliability and integrity, it can be presumed that the electronic evidence has reliability and integrity. (2) If the electronic evidence is kept by the other party, it can be presumed that the electronic record and its information system are reliable and complete. ③ If electronic evidence is kept by a third party in normal business activities, it is presumed that the electronic record and its information system are reliable and complete. Including data messages with electronic signatures or other security procedures, can also be presumed to be authentic.
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