Information comes from data processing, information is the meaning of data, and data is the carrier of information.
The difference between the two:
(1) From the viewpoint of information theory, the data describing the source is the sum of information and data redundancy, that is, data = information+data redundancy.
(2) Data is provided when data is collected, and information is useful information obtained from the collected data.
Data: physical symbols or combinations of these physical symbols that record the nature, state and relationship of objective things, including numerical data and non-numerical data.
Information: it is another form of data obtained after data processing, which affects the behavior of the receiver to a certain extent. It is objective, subjective and useful.
Data expansion:
Quantitative relationship between data and information
In fact, the basic function of information is to eliminate the uncertainty of people's understanding of things. Information quantity refers to the information measurement and content needed to select an event from N equal possible events. From this definition, the amount of information is closely related to probability. In probability theory, P(x) is used to represent the probability that an event occurs in n equal possible events, that is, p (x) =1/n. The information quantity I(x) is defined as:
I(x)= log2N =-log2( 1/N)=-log2P(x)
Combined with the knowledge of probability theory, by extension, we can use the following formula-called entropy H(x) formula to represent the average amount of information brought by a large number of data.
Therefore, the more unpredictable a message is, the more information it contains.
Above Baidu Encyclopedia-Data and Information